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Overview of corruption in pakistan.
In collaboration with
Transparency International
Cite this publication
Chêne, M.; (2008) Overview of corruption in Pakistan. Bergen: U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre, Chr. Michelsen Institute (U4 Helpdesk Answer Helpdesk)
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National Anti-corruption Strategy proposes exactly this approach. NACS belongs to everyone in Pakistan and calls for changing the manner in which we run the affairs of the state with the view to reduce corruption in the society and laying the basis
Genesis of corruption in Pakistan can be traced to the mega events of 1940s to 1990s and even the current decade. Serious attempts at accountability originating in mid 1990s and fortified on the turn of the century farcically turned into tools of political patronage or victimization.
This paper focuses on the understanding of corruption in the country with specific reference to anti- corruption agency in the country. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with National Accountability. Bureau and studying policy documents. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the interviews.
Anti-corruption proceedings have long been suspected of being skewed. They are mainly directed against members of the political opposition and minor civil servants while leaving the conduct of military officials outside scrutiny.
Pakistan has regularly featured near the bottom of international indices for corruption. Despite relatively strong legislation, the country is currently lacking in key areas, in particular regarding whistleblower protection and freedom of information.
Corruption in Pakistan is widespread, and extends to every sector from government to judiciary, police, health services, education, and military.
This study builds a systems thinking model of corruption, which helps in the understanding of corruption and acts as an input into future policymaking on corruption. Data for the qualitative analysis come from 198 interviews (including 43 in-depth interviews) conducted in Pakistan.
A National Anti-Corruption Strategy, which was developed in 2002, offers a comprehensive plan for tackling corruption. The executing agency, the National Accountability Bureau (NAB), is endowed with comprehensive powers to investigate and prosecute cases.
This study is based on time series analysis; augmented dickey fuller test (ADF), Tobit Model of Censored Regression, and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) are used to estimate significant economic determinants of corruption in Pakistan.
Short-term fixes and anti-corruption tools might prove effective in battling graft in isolated ways. But if Pakistan - and other countries - are to truly create fair and open societies for everyone, it is going to take a much larger, generational process to build accountability.