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Mahatma Gandhi

By: History.com Editors

Updated: June 6, 2019 | Original: July 30, 2010

Revered the world over for his nonviolent philosophy of passive resistance, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was known to his many followers as Mahatma, or “the great-souled one.” He began his activism as an Indian immigrant in South Africa in the early 1900s, and in the years following World War I became the leading figure in India’s struggle to gain independence from Great Britain. Known for his ascetic lifestyle–he often dressed only in a loincloth and shawl–and devout Hindu faith, Gandhi was imprisoned several times during his pursuit of non-cooperation, and undertook a number of hunger strikes to protest the oppression of India’s poorest classes, among other injustices. After Partition in 1947, he continued to work toward peace between Hindus and Muslims. Gandhi was shot to death in Delhi in January 1948 by a Hindu fundamentalist.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, at Porbandar, in the present-day Indian state of Gujarat. His father was the dewan (chief minister) of Porbandar; his deeply religious mother was a devoted practitioner of Vaishnavism (worship of the Hindu god Vishnu), influenced by Jainism, an ascetic religion governed by tenets of self-discipline and nonviolence. At the age of 19, Mohandas left home to study law in London at the Inner Temple, one of the city’s four law colleges. Upon returning to India in mid-1891, he set up a law practice in Bombay, but met with little success. He soon accepted a position with an Indian firm that sent him to its office in South Africa. Along with his wife, Kasturbai, and their children, Gandhi remained in South Africa for nearly 20 years.

Did you know? In the famous Salt March of April-May 1930, thousands of Indians followed Gandhi from Ahmadabad to the Arabian Sea. The march resulted in the arrest of nearly 60,000 people, including Gandhi himself.

Gandhi was appalled by the discrimination he experienced as an Indian immigrant in South Africa. When a European magistrate in Durban asked him to take off his turban, he refused and left the courtroom. On a train voyage to Pretoria, he was thrown out of a first-class railway compartment and beaten up by a white stagecoach driver after refusing to give up his seat for a European passenger. That train journey served as a turning point for Gandhi, and he soon began developing and teaching the concept of satyagraha (“truth and firmness”), or passive resistance, as a way of non-cooperation with authorities.

The Birth of Passive Resistance

In 1906, after the Transvaal government passed an ordinance regarding the registration of its Indian population, Gandhi led a campaign of civil disobedience that would last for the next eight years. During its final phase in 1913, hundreds of Indians living in South Africa, including women, went to jail, and thousands of striking Indian miners were imprisoned, flogged and even shot. Finally, under pressure from the British and Indian governments, the government of South Africa accepted a compromise negotiated by Gandhi and General Jan Christian Smuts, which included important concessions such as the recognition of Indian marriages and the abolition of the existing poll tax for Indians.

In July 1914, Gandhi left South Africa to return to India. He supported the British war effort in World War I but remained critical of colonial authorities for measures he felt were unjust. In 1919, Gandhi launched an organized campaign of passive resistance in response to Parliament’s passage of the Rowlatt Acts, which gave colonial authorities emergency powers to suppress subversive activities. He backed off after violence broke out–including the massacre by British-led soldiers of some 400 Indians attending a meeting at Amritsar–but only temporarily, and by 1920 he was the most visible figure in the movement for Indian independence.

Leader of a Movement

As part of his nonviolent non-cooperation campaign for home rule, Gandhi stressed the importance of economic independence for India. He particularly advocated the manufacture of khaddar, or homespun cloth, in order to replace imported textiles from Britain. Gandhi’s eloquence and embrace of an ascetic lifestyle based on prayer, fasting and meditation earned him the reverence of his followers, who called him Mahatma (Sanskrit for “the great-souled one”). Invested with all the authority of the Indian National Congress (INC or Congress Party), Gandhi turned the independence movement into a massive organization, leading boycotts of British manufacturers and institutions representing British influence in India, including legislatures and schools.

After sporadic violence broke out, Gandhi announced the end of the resistance movement, to the dismay of his followers. British authorities arrested Gandhi in March 1922 and tried him for sedition; he was sentenced to six years in prison but was released in 1924 after undergoing an operation for appendicitis. He refrained from active participation in politics for the next several years, but in 1930 launched a new civil disobedience campaign against the colonial government’s tax on salt, which greatly affected Indian’s poorest citizens.

A Divided Movement

In 1931, after British authorities made some concessions, Gandhi again called off the resistance movement and agreed to represent the Congress Party at the Round Table Conference in London. Meanwhile, some of his party colleagues–particularly Mohammed Ali Jinnah, a leading voice for India’s Muslim minority–grew frustrated with Gandhi’s methods, and what they saw as a lack of concrete gains. Arrested upon his return by a newly aggressive colonial government, Gandhi began a series of hunger strikes in protest of the treatment of India’s so-called “untouchables” (the poorer classes), whom he renamed Harijans, or “children of God.” The fasting caused an uproar among his followers and resulted in swift reforms by the Hindu community and the government.

In 1934, Gandhi announced his retirement from politics in, as well as his resignation from the Congress Party, in order to concentrate his efforts on working within rural communities. Drawn back into the political fray by the outbreak of World War II , Gandhi again took control of the INC, demanding a British withdrawal from India in return for Indian cooperation with the war effort. Instead, British forces imprisoned the entire Congress leadership, bringing Anglo-Indian relations to a new low point.

Partition and Death of Gandhi

After the Labor Party took power in Britain in 1947, negotiations over Indian home rule began between the British, the Congress Party and the Muslim League (now led by Jinnah). Later that year, Britain granted India its independence but split the country into two dominions: India and Pakistan. Gandhi strongly opposed Partition, but he agreed to it in hopes that after independence Hindus and Muslims could achieve peace internally. Amid the massive riots that followed Partition, Gandhi urged Hindus and Muslims to live peacefully together, and undertook a hunger strike until riots in Calcutta ceased.

In January 1948, Gandhi carried out yet another fast, this time to bring about peace in the city of Delhi. On January 30, 12 days after that fast ended, Gandhi was on his way to an evening prayer meeting in Delhi when he was shot to death by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu fanatic enraged by Mahatma’s efforts to negotiate with Jinnah and other Muslims. The next day, roughly 1 million people followed the procession as Gandhi’s body was carried in state through the streets of the city and cremated on the banks of the holy Jumna River.

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Mahatma Gandhi: The Father of the Nation

Last updated on October 2, 2022 by ClearIAS Team

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is popularly known as Mahatma Gandhi.

Gandhi was a lawyer, nationalist, and anti-colonial activist. He led a non-violent mass movement against the British rule of India which ultimately resulted in Indian independence .

Mahatma Gandhi is revered in India as the Father of the Nation.

Table of Contents

The early life of Mahatma Gandhi: Birth and Family

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2 nd October 1869, in Porbandar in the princely state of Kathiawar in Gujarat.

His father was Karamchand Uttamchand Gandhi who served as a dewan of Porbandar state. His mother was Putlibai who came from Junagadh. Mohandas was the youngest of four children. He had two brothers and a sister.

At age of 13, Mohandas was married to 14-year-old Kastubai Makhanji Kapadia as was the custom at that time.

His father passed away in 1885, and the same year he and his wife lost their first child. The Gandhi couple later had four sons over the years.

Education of Mahatma Gandhi

Gandhi Ji received his primary education in Rajkot where his father had relocated as dewan to the ruler Thakur Sahib. He went to Alfred high school in Rajkot at the age of 11.

In 1887, at the age of 18, Gandhi Ji graduated from a high school in Ahmedabad. He later enrolled at a college in Bhavnagar but dropped out later. He had also joined and eventually dropped out of a college in Bombay.

He then went to London in 1888 to pursue law at the university college. After completing his studies, he was invited to be enrolled at Inner temple to become a barrister.

He returned to India in 1891 at the age of 22 after his mother passed away.

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He failed to establish a successful law career both in Rajkot and Bombay.

In 1893, he moved to Durban, South Africa, on a one-year contract to sort out the legal problems of Abdullah, a Gujarati merchant.

South Africa during the 1800s

The British had colonized and settled in the Natal and Cape provinces of South Africa during the 1840s and 50s. Transvaal and Orange Free State were independent Boer (British and Dutch settlers) ruled states. Boer means farmer settler in Dutch and Afrikaans. The governance of colonial regions (Natal and Cape) was controlled by the minority white population which enforced segregation between government-defined races in all spheres.

This created three societies- whites (British and Dutch or Boer ancestry), Blacks and Coloureds (mixed race) which included ethnic Asians (Indians, Malayans, Filipinos, and Chinese).

Indian immigration to South Africa began in the 1860s, when whites recruited indentured Indian labour (Girmityas), especially from south India, to work on sugar plantations. Later many Indian merchants, mostly meman Muslims also migrated. By the 1890s, the children of the ex-indentured labourers had settled down in South Africa making up the third group.

Mahatma Gandhi in South Africa

1893 : Mohandas Gandhi witnessed extreme apartheid or racial discrimination against Asians in South Africa. His journey from Durban to Pretoria witnessed the famous incident when he was thrown out of a first-class compartment by a white man at Pietermaritzburg station. Upon arriving at Johanessburg, he was refused rooms in the hotels.

These experiences motivated him to stay in South Africa for a longer period to organize the Indian workers to enable them to fight for their rights. He started teaching English to the Asian population there and tried to organize them to protest against the oppression.

1894: After the culmination of his Abdullah case in 1894, he stayed on there and planned to assist Indians in opposing a bill to deny them the right to vote. He founded the Natal Indian Congress and moulded the Indian community into a unified political force.

1899-1902: The Boer War

The Boer War extended Britain’s control from Natal and Cape Province to include Transvaal and Orange Free State.

During this time, Gandhi volunteered to form a group of stretcher-bearers as the Natal Indian ambulance corps. It consisted of indentured labourers and was funded by the Indian community and helped treatment and evacuation of wounded British soldiers.

Gandhi Ji thought that helping the British war efforts would win over the British imperial government and earn sympathy for the plight of Indians there. He was also awarded the Queen’s South Africa Medal for serving the British empire.

Till 1906, it was the moderate phase of the struggle for the Indians in South Africa. During this time, Gandhi concentrated on petitioning and sending memorials to the legislatures, the colonial secretary in London, and the British parliament.

1906: The Civil Disobedience in South Africa

The failure of moderate methods led to the second phase of the struggle, civil disobedience or the Satyagraha.

He started two settlements- the Phoenix settlement in Durban and the Tolstoy farm in Johanessburg for helping the needy and initiate a communal living tradition.

His first notable resistance was against the law passed by the government, making it compulsory for Indians to take out certifications of registrations that held their fingerprints and was compulsory to carry it on the person at all times. Gandhi formed a Passive Resistance Association against this.

Gandhi and his followers were jailed. Later the government agreed to withdraw the law if Indians voluntarily registered. They were tricked into the registrations and they protested again by publicly burning their certificates.

1908: The existing campaign expanded to protest against the new law to restrict migrations of Indians between provinces. Gandhi and others were jailed and sentenced to hard physical labour.

1910: Gandhi Ji set up the Tolstoy farm in Johannesburg to ready the satyagrahis to the harsh conditions of the prison hence helping to keep the resistance moving forward.

1911: Gopal Krishna Gokhale visited South Africa as a state guest on the occasion of the coronation of King George V. Gokhale and Gandhi met at Durban and established a good relationship.

1913: The satyagraha continued against varied oppressive laws brought by the government. The movement against the law invalidating marriages not conducted according to Christian rites brought out many Indian women onto the movement.

Gandhi launched a final mass movement of over 2000 men, women, and children. They were jailed and forced into miserable conditions and hard labour. This caused the whole Indian community in South Africa to rise on strike.

In India, Gokhale worked to make the public aware of the situation in South Africa which led the then Viceroy Hardinge to call for an inquiry into the atrocities.

A series of negotiations took place between Gandhiji, Viceroy Hardinge, CR Andrews (Christian missionary and Indian Independence activist), and General Smuts of South Africa. This led to the government conceding to most of the Indians’ demands.

Gandhiji’s return to India: 1915

1915: On the request of Gokhale, conveyed by CF Andrews (Deenbandhu), Gandhi Ji returned to India to help with the Indian struggle for independence .

The last phase of the Indian National movement is known as the Gandhian era.

Mahatma Gandhi became the undisputed leader of the National Movement. His principles of nonviolence and Satyagraha were employed against the British government. Gandhi made the nationalist movement a mass movement.

On returning to India in 1915, Gandhi toured the country for one year on Gokhale’s insistence. He then established an ashram in Ahmedabad to settle his phoenix family.

He first took up the cause of indentured labour in India thus continuing his fight in South Africa to abolish it.

Gandhiji joined the Indian National Congress and was introduced to Indian issues and politics and Gokhale became his political Guru.

1917: At this point, World war I was going on, and Britain and France were in a difficult position. Germany had inflicted a crushing defeat on both the British and French troops in France.

Russia’s war effort had broken down and the revolution was threatening its government.

America had entered the war but no American troops had yet reached the war front.

The British army required reinforcements urgently and they looked to India for participation. Viceroy Chelmsford had invited various Indian leaders to attend a war conference. Gandhi was also invited and he went to Delhi to attend the conference.

After attending the viceroy’s war conference Gandhiji agreed to support the recruitment of Indians in the British war effort. He undertook a recruitment campaign in Kaira district, Gujarat.

He again believed that support from Indians will make the British government look at their plight sympathetically after the war.

Early movements by Gandhiji

Champaran Satyagraha, Kheda Satyagraha, and Ahmedabad Mill Strike were the early movements of Gandhi before he was elevated into the role of a national mass leader.

1917: Champaran Satyagraha

Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was the first civil disobedience movement organized by Gandhiji. Rajkumar Shukla asked Gandhi to look into the problems of the Indigo planters.

The European planters had been forcing passengers to grow Indigo on a 3/20 of the total land called the tinkatiya system.

Gandhi organized passive resistance or civil disobedience against the tinkatiya system. Finally, the authorities relented and permitted Gandhi to make inquiries among the peasants. The government appointed a committee to look into the matter and nominated Gandhi as a member.

Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha, and other eminent lawyers became inspired by Gandhi and volunteered to fight for the Indigo farmers in court for free.

Gandhi was able to convince the authorities to abolish the system and the peasants were compensated for the illegal dues extracted from them.

1918: Kheda satyagraha

The Kheda Satyagraha was the first noncooperation movement organized by Gandhi.

Because of the drought in 1918 crops failed in the Kheda district of Gujarat. According to the revenue code if the yield was less than one-fourth of the normal produced the farmers for entitled to remission. Gujarat sabha sent a petition requesting revenue assessment for the year 1919 but the authorities refused to grant permission.

Gandhi supported the peasants’ cause and asked them to withhold revenue. During the Satyagraha, many young nationalists such as Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Indulal Yagnik became Gandhi’s followers.

Sardar Patel led a group of eminent people who went around villages and gave them political advisors and instructions.

The government finally agreed to form an agreement with the farmers and hence the taxes were suspended for the years 1919 and 1920 and all confiscated properties were returned.

1918: Ahmedabad mill strike

This was Gandhi’s first hunger strike. He intervened in a dispute between Mill owners of Ahmedabad and the workers over the issue of discontinuation of the plague bonus.

The workers were demanding a rise of 50% in their wages while the employees were willing to concede only a 20% bonus.

The striking workers turned to Anusuiya Sarabai in quest of justice and she contacted Gandhi for help. He asked the workers to go on a strike and to remain non-violent and undertook a fast unto death to strengthen the workers’ resolve.

The mill owners finally agreed to submit the issue to a tribunal and the strike was withdrawn in the end the workers receive a 35% increase in their wages.

Gandhiji’s active involvement in the Indian National Movement

Gandhi’s active involvement in the Indian Freedom Struggle was marked by many mass movements like the Khilafat Movement, Non-Cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience Movement, and Quit India Movement.

1919: Khilafat movement

During World War I Gandhi sought cooperation from the Muslims in his fight against the British by supporting the Ottoman Empire that had been defeated in the world war.

The British passed the Rowlatt act to block the movement. Gandhi called for a nationwide Satyagraha against the act.

It was Rowlatt Satyagraha that elevated Gandhi into a national leader. Rowlatt Satyagraha was against the unjust Rowlatt Act passed by the British.

On April 13th, 1919 the Jallianwala Bagh incident took place. Seeing the violence spread Mahatma Gandhi called off the civil disobedience movement on the 18th of April.

1920: Non-Cooperation Movement

Gandhi convinced the congress leaders to start a Non-Cooperation Movement in support of Khilafat as well as Swaraj. At the congress session of Nagpur in 1920, the non-cooperation program was adopted.

1922 : Chauri chaura incident took place, which caused Gandhi to withdraw from the non-cooperation movement.

After the non-cooperation movement ended, Gandhi withdrew from the political platform and focused on his social reform work.

1930:  The Salt March and The Civil Disobedience Movement

Gandhi declared that he would lead a march to break the salt law as the law gave the state the Monopoly on the manufacturer and the sale of salt.

Gandhi along with his followers marched from his ashram in Sabarmati to the coastal town of Dandi in Gujarat where they broke the government law by gathering natural salt and boiling seawater to produce salt.

This also marked the beginning of the civil disobedience movement.

1931 : The Gandhi Irwin pact

Gandhi accepted the truce offered by Irwin and called off the civil disobedience movement and agreed to attend the second round table conference in London as the representative of the Indian National Congress.

But when he returned from London he relaunched the civil disobedience movement but by 1934 it had lost its momentum.

1932 : Poona pact

This was a pact reached between B.R Ambedkar and Gandhi concerning the communal awards but in the end, strived to achieve a common goal for the upliftment of the marginalized communities of the Indian society.

1934 : Gandhi resigned from the Congress party membership as he did not agree with the party’s position on varied issues.

Gandhi returned to active politics in 1936 with the Lucknow session of Congress where Jawaharlal Nehru was the president.

1938 : Gandhi and Subhash Chandra Bose’s principles clashed during the Tripuri session which led to the Tripuri crisis in the Indian National Congress.

1942: Quit India movement

The outbreak of World war II and the last and crucial phase of national struggle in India came together.

The failure of the Cripps mission in 1942 gave rise to the Quit India movement.

Gandhi was arrested and held at Aga Khan Palace in Pune. During this time his wife Kasturba died after 18 months of imprisonment and in 1944 Gandhi suffered a severe malaria attack.

He was released before the end of the war on 6th May 1944. World war II was nearing an end and the British gave clear indications that power would be transferred to Indians hence Gandhi called off the struggle and all the political prisoners were released including the leaders of Congress.

Partition and independence

Gandhiji opposed the partition of India along religious lines.

While he and Congress demanded the British quit India the Muslim league demanded to divide and quit India.

All of Gandhi’s efforts to help Congress and the Muslim league reach an agreement to corporate and attain independence failed.

Gandhiji did not celebrate the independence and end of British rule but appealed for peace among his countrymen. He was never in agreement for the country to be partitioned.

His demeanour played a key role in pacifying the people and avoiding a Hindu-Muslim riot during the partition of the rest of India.

Death of Mahatma Gandhi

30th January 1948

Gandhiji was on his way to address a prayer meeting in the Birla House in New Delhi when Nathuram Godse fired three bullets into his chest from close range killing him instantly.

Mahatma Gandhi’s legacy

Throughout his life, in his principles practices, and beliefs, he always held on to non-violence and simple living. He influenced many great leaders and the nation respectfully addresses him as the father of the nation or Bapu.

He worked for the upliftment of untouchables and called them Harijan meaning the children of God.

Rabindranath Tagore is said to have accorded the title of Mahatma to Gandhi.

It was Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose who first addressed him as the Father of the Nation.

Gandhian Philosophy inspired millions of people across the world.

Many great world leaders like Nelson Mandela followed Gandhiji’s teachings and way of life. Hence, his impact on the global stage is still very profound.

Literary works of Mahatma Gandhi

Gandhiji was a prolific writer and he has written many articles throughout his life. He edited several newspapers including Harijan in Gujarati, Indian opinion in South Africa, and Young India in English.

He also wrote several books including his autobiography “The Story Of My Experiments with Truth”.

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Reader Interactions

January 31, 2022 at 6:36 pm

Gandhi the greatest freedom fighter? It is an irony that Gandhi was a British stooge, he partitioned India and was responsible for death of millions of Hindus and Sikhs during partition. How he and Nehru got Bose eliminated is another story. He slept with many women by his own confession. He never went to kala Pani and enjoyed luxury of British even in jails in India.

January 31, 2022 at 7:14 pm

How is he ‘Father of nation’ ?? He is not even close to be a father of post-1947 India(It would be Bose anyday).And he is the one who did all kinds of absurd fantasies(mentioned in his own autobiography).His role in independence was MINIMAL ! His non-violence theory was hypocritic and foolish(teaching oppressed instead of oppressor!) And as AMBEDKAR rightly said ‘sometimes good cometh out of evil'(on jan 30th 1948)

March 26, 2024 at 11:47 am

So true …

Bro I literally agree with all of this…

May 20, 2022 at 1:37 pm

It is Bose who first gave the title of “Father of the Nation” to Gandhi.

Please try to look at things with an open mind.

May 26, 2022 at 11:15 am

Ck is wrong I think Mahatma Gandhi Is a TRUE LEADER.

November 26, 2023 at 8:36 pm

Gandhi the greatest freedom fighter

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The Mahatma

For someone so admittedly shy in his childhood, Gandhi grew to become one of the greatest orators this world has ever seen. His ability to move people through his honestly, sincerity and passion served to inspire people the world over. Here you can find the transcripts to some of his most famous speeches.

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Mahatma Gandhi Speech in English for Students

Mahatma Gandhi Speech – It is indeed rare for someone to create as great an impact on a nation as Mahatma Gandhi did with India. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi who has the honorific Mahatma added to his name, was an Indian lawyer, politician, and anti-colonial nationalist. Furthermore, Gandhi came forward with the highly successful nonviolent resistance against  British rule. Moreover, this man was inspired by several civil rights and freedom movements across the world.

Mahatma Gandhi came into this world on October 2, 1869. This great personality was born in an Indian Gujarati family. Law training of this man took place at the Inner Temple in London. The making of his greatness took place in South Africa.  It was here that Mahatma Gandhi spent a significant part of his life.

Furthermore, in South Africa, Mahatma Gandhi raised his family. Most noteworthy, it was here that Gandhi fought for civil rights by employing nonviolent resistance.

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Life-Changing Events

When Mahatma Gandhi came to South Africa, he had to deal with racial discrimination due to his skin color. Once while traveling on a stagecoach along with Europeans, he was asked to sit near the driver on the floor. Mahatma Gandhi came forward with his refusal as clearly this was a great humiliation for him. Consequently, Gandhi had to suffer beating because of his refusal.

In another incident, Mahatma Gandhi was forcefully made to quit a train at Pietermaritzburg in South Africa. This was due to his adamant refusal to quit the first-class. Consequently, he spent the entire night shivering in the train station. Such events of pure racial discrimination were certainly instrumental in shaping the ideology of this great man. Ultimately, Mahatma Gandhi began to question the standing of his people in the British Empire.

Struggle for Independence

Mahatma Gandhi came back to India in 1915. By this time, there was a significant escalation in the reputation of this man. Furthermore, Mahatma Gandhi became famous as a leading Indian nationalist. After his return, Gandhi became part of the Indian National Congress. In 1920, this man took leadership of the Congress.

As part of the freedom struggle, Mahatma Gandhi launched important movements like Champaran Satyagraha, Kheda Satyagraha, Khilafat, Non-Co-operation, Salt Satyagraha, Civil Disobedience, and Quit India. This shows the immense contribution of this man towards Indian independence.

Nonviolence

Mahatma Gandhi was a huge advocate of nonviolence. In fact, we can safely say that he was the originator of the principle of nonviolence. Furthermore, he was the first person to apply this concept on such a massive political scale. This man always preached people regarding the importance of ahimsa or non-violence.

If you want to learn more about Gandhi’s ideas regarding nonviolence or ahimsa, then refer to his famous autobiography “The Story of My Experiments with Truth”.

One incidence which clearly shows Mahatma Gandhi’s staunch support for nonviolence was the Chauri-Chaura incident. In this incident, angry demonstrators attacked a police station and set fire to the police. Consequently, there was the death of twenty-two policemen. Most noteworthy, there was the halting of the ongoing successful non-co-operation movement by Gandhi due to this incident.

He took this decision to halt the non-co-operation movement because he was strictly against the violence of any kind. He was a staunch man who would never tolerate the tarnishing of his movement with any kind of violence.

Mahatma Gandhi was a man who gave his whole life to the nation. No doubt people refer to him as the father of the nation. His empathy for the poor, oppressed, and lower caste people is absolutely unparalleled. This great man continues to command respect not only in India but all over the world.

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• Famous Speeches of Mahatma Gandhi

Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, his full name was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi who was an Indian lawyer,anti-nationalist, and political ethicist. Mahatma Gandhi was responsible for employing nonviolent resistance and led a successful campaign for India’s Independence from the British government rule which to date is considered to be the most inspiring movement for civil rights and freedom all across the world.

Mahatma Gandhi was born and raised in a Hindu family in Gujarat, India. His father’s name was Karamchand Gandhi and his mother’s name was Putili bai. From an early age, his mother made sure to teach him the importance of honesty and nonviolence. Mahatma Gandhi trained in law at the inner temple, London, and was called to practice at the age of 22 but due to some circumstances, he was unable to practice law in India which led to him moving to South Africa in n1893, to represent an Indian merchant in a lawsuit. Mahatma Gandhi went on and lived twenty-one years in South Africa where he raised a family. During his stay in South Africa, he had to face a lot of discrimination due to the fact that he was an Indian. There was an incident where he was thrown out of a train only because he refused to give up his seat for a white man. 

In the year 1915, at the age of 45, Mahatma Gandhi returned to India and organized nonviolent farmers and urban labourers to protest against the excessive land tax and the discrimination they were facing against British rule. After being appointed to be the leader of the national congress in the year 1921, Mahatma Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for expanding women’s rights, building religious and ethnic amity, and erasing or easing poverty, ending untouchability, and above all achieving swaraj or self-rule. 

Mahatma Gandhi was able to achieve the mission of independent India where the Indians are respected for who they are on August 15, 1947. He was able to enlighten people and also gave people an opportunity to make a difference in society. Throughout his career as a political leader, Gandhi has given a few speeches that led to different independence movements. Gandhi was a leader, a leader who the people of the country trusted with all of their hearts, a leader who inspired everyone to take part in a better future through his speeches. There have been many speeches of Mahatma Gandhi that led to Indian Independence. 

In this article, we are going to discuss in detail all the famous Mahatma Gandhi speeches and the impact they had on the people, and also the role they played in getting India its independence. Along with the discussion of the Gandhi speeches, we are also gonna answer the frequently asked questions on Mahatma Gandhi famous speech

Mahatma Gandhi Famous Speech

Mahatma Gandhi or Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was an Indian lawyer, political leader, freedom fighter, and anti-nationalist. He was one of the greatest leaders of our country. He along with other freedom fighters is majorly responsible for the Indian Independence from British rule. He has been known all around the world for his nonviolent approach to fighting against inequality and other issues which directly violate human rights. Mahatma Gandhi was a very good leader and one quality of a leader that is common all around the world is that they are able to guide the people for a better future and also help everyone to fight against discrimination. Because of his leadership quality, he was imprisoned by the British government many times. The determination of Mahatma Gandhi for Indian Independence led to a movement where every person throughout the country was united to non violently fight against the British government and this determination of Mahatma Gandhi shook the foundation of the entire British Rule. 

Mahatma Gandhi’s birthday is on October 2nd and every year it is celebrated in India as Gandhi Jayanthi, a national holiday, and worldwide his birthday is celebrated as the International Day of nonviolence. Mahatma Gandhi is considered the father of the nation all across India and is also called Bapu. He is remembered for his words of wisdom in his great deeds and struggles for the country. On the occasion of the 151st birthday of Mahatma Gandhi let us all look into a few of the greatest speeches of Mahatma Gandhi that led to the freedom of our country. These speeches are considered

to be the ashes that ignited the fire inside every Indian all across the country to fight for Indian independence. 

Best Gandhi Speeches

Banaras Hindu University Speech (February 04, 1916)

Dandi March Speech (11th of March 1930)

Round Table Conference Speech (30th of November 1931)

The Quit India Movement Speech (8th of August 1942)

Speech on Kashmir Issue, At a Prayer Meeting (4th of January 1948)

Speech on the Day Before His Last Fast (12th of January 1948)

On February 04, 1916, Mahatma Gandhi was invited by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya to speak on the occasion of the opening of the Banaras Hindu University. Among Mahatma Gandhi, the other invited guests were The royal kings and princes, Annie Besant. Everyone was in shock at the speech which Gandhi gave that day. Mahatma Gandhi mainly focused on the importance of the Indian language while he was giving the speech. 

Mahatma Gandhi was sharply criticizing the overuse of the English language and also demanded self-government or Independent India had jolted the audience for the first time. During this speech, he also showed signs of taking on the leadership of the country’s freedom struggle. Mahatma Gandhi also made sure to discuss the importance of cleanliness especially in public areas and in trains. He also said that if we as Indians are not able to clean the places where we worship or travel, how can we ever be able to manage the government.

Mahatma Gandhi during his speech also challenged the British government and demanded an Independent India and also made sure to give the British government a message that if India is not given independence then we will forcefully take it by ourselves via the nonviolent way. This was the very first speech that went on and grew into a wildfire culminating in India’s freedom from the British government. 

On 11th March 1930, there was a mass gathering of more than ten thousand people and there was an evening prayer held on the Sabarmati sands at Ahmedabad. It was on that evening that Mahatma Gandhi delivered the famous Dandi March speech. The speech which he gave during that evening mainly was a roadmap of the famous civil disobedience movement. He made sure to let the people know that no matter what happens after the march and if he lives or dies, the mode of operation should be nonviolence and peace. Every section of the society was invited to come forward and participate in the civil disobedience movement. The march started with the manufacturing of salt from the seawater along with the followers and also called upon every fellow Indians to defy the taxes which were imposed by the British government. He asked all the Indians to give up foreign clothes and liquor, resist taxes imposed by the government and the British courts and offices. This speech had such an impact that not only did this speech ask every Indian to join the freedom struggle and also challenged colonial rule but also decades later influenced the Civil rights movement in the United States of America. Mahatma Gandhi also requested all the women to participate in the march and said that they should come forward and stand shoulder to shoulder with the men in the struggle. The Dandi March speech is considered to be a very important event as it introduced the term ‘satyagraha’ in every Indian psyche. 

The round table conference speech was given by Mahatma Gandhi at the round table conference which was held in London on 30th November 1931. During this conference, the British tried to convince all the Indian leaders to accept the British government and all the rules and laws citing communal disharmony. The bold and courageous Mahatma Gandhi called the British bluff and showed the unity of Indians and the spirit. He said that the people of India are united and there is no disharmony between them due to religion. There were actually no conflicts between the people with different religions but as soon as the Britishers arrived and along with them the policies, there was a division among the people of India. 

Mahatma Gandhi was bold enough to demand the British to offer self-government activity to India through his speech. 

On the day of the Quit India movement, Mahatma Gandhi gave a speech to the people at the Kranti ground in Bombay. The speech of Mahatma Gandhi included many important points but mostly in his speech he focused on the idea and the importance of non-violence. He said that to get independence everyone should follow a nonviolent approach and the draft resolution of the working committee of the congress is written on the foundation of ahimsa and anyone who does not trust the nonviolence approach to attain independence can separate themselves from the operation. 

During this speech, he gave many examples and the situations of the resolutions from history which were fought with the weapons and eventually lost. He said that a person who fights for freedom with only the violent approach will have the blood of his comrades on his hands. He made sure to let the people know that we as Indians are fighting against the non-democratic British rule and its government and not the British people. He said to not hate or have a sour feeling for other English people but to treat everyone with respect. Mahatma Gandhi finally concluded the speech by saying the very famous slogan ‘’Do or die’’. The slogan was a message to every Indian across the country that made sure to say that the fight for the independence of India is the endgame and no one will stop until and unless we get what we want. The Quit India movement speech became an open challenge to the British government from Mahatma Gandhi who was speaking for the millions of Indians across the country to give our country independence. 

On the 4th of January 1948, after the evening of the prayer meeting, Mahatma Gandhi had to discuss the tension which arose between India and Pakistan on the Kashmir issue. From the beginning, Mahatma Gandhi did not want any kind of conflicts between India and Pakistan as he was a follower of peace and nonviolence from the beginning. He was a firm believer that anything could be solved by discussing and therefore he wanted that India and Pakistan should initiate a dialogue system to find a solution to the problem. From the beginning, he did not support the idea of partitioning as he believed that if India went through partition there would be conflicts in the future based on religion. He always believed that we Indians are the strongest when we are united together irrespective of whatever religion we belong to. After the partition was done and when the conflict arose between India and Pakistan on the Kashmir issue, Mahatma Gandhi highlighted the importance of the United Nations in initiating a settlement between the two countries. 

India had achieved independence but it was achievable through the hard work of many people and it came with a terrible price which the people of India are still paying. Mahatma Gandhi was a firm believer of nonviolence and peace among everyone but when he saw the communal riots happening in front of him, that broke him completely. The one thing which he believed and fought for was peace and a country where everyone is free but he was seeing a sight where people were fighting based on religion, he was devastated by it. Mahatma Gandhi was surrounded by sorrows and he started to fast to spread communal love, harmony, nonviolence, and respect to each other. In this speech, Mahatma Gandhi highlighted the importance of fast as a penalty and he also requested communal harmony between all the communities in India. He was very disappointed by the enmity shown by people belonging to different religions. The speech on the day before his fast was the last recorded speech of Mahatma Gandhi before he was assassinated. 

Conclusion on Mahatma Gandhi Famous Speeches

It has been more than 70 years since Indian Independence from the British government and still, the Gandhi speeches are relevant in modern times. Mahatma Gandhi’s speeches are the best example of how words could change and inspire people to do the work. When Indians were tortured and discriminated against and were not given basic human rights, Mahatma Gandhi rose to the occasion and fought for those people. He taught us the concept of nonviolence and how it could win a war without even raising a sword. Mahatma Gandhi's famous speeches have inspired people all across the world to fight for their rights in a nonviolent way. Even to this day where everything is developing within a matter of days, there has been violence and crimes all across the world. Crime based on the name of religions, discrimination of people based on their colour. Gandhi showed us the way to fight all these discriminations and it was the way of ‘Ahimsa’ or nonviolence. The path that was shown by Mahatma Gandhi is very essential to make the world the best and peaceful. 

FAQs on Famous Speeches of Mahatma Gandhi

1. List Out all the Important Mahatma Gandhi Famous Speeches?

Throughout his fight for independent India, Mahatma Gandhi has given six speeches that are considered to be the most important and they are 

Benaras Hindu University Speech (February 04, 1916)

2. Which was the Last Gandhi Speech?

On the 12 th of January 1948, Mahatma Gandhi gave his last speech which is called the “Speech on the day before his last fast”. He was fasting to send a message to the people of India to stop killing each other in the name of religion. Gandhi was a firm believer in nonviolence and when he saw that his people were fighting and disturbing the peace and harmony of the country just because of religion, he decided to fast which he considered was a penalty for all the violence happening in the country, In his speech, he said that he did not fight for the country just to see its people fighting each other based and religion. This is considered to be his last speech before his assassination. 

3. I would like to find more about Mahatma Gandhi, where can I find it?

In the year 1869, on the second of October Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born in a small city situated in the Kathiawar peninsula, called Porbandar. Mahatma Gandhi studied law at the inner temple, London, but at the age of 22 when he returned back to India for the practice, he could not find much employment. And hence went to South Africa in 1983, in order to represent the Indian merchant in a lawsuit. And after returning from there he joined the Indian freedom struggle. 

4. Where can I find the best speeches of Mahatma Gandhi?

If you are looking for the famous and the best speeches on Mahatma Gandhi, then you do not have to go anywhere else, because you have already arrived at the right place, that is to say, you can find the best speeches of Mahatma Gandhi at Vedantu. Though all the speeches that Mahatma Gandhi has given are the best and great, Vedantu has selected six speeches out of many, and Vedantu provides the same to the students, and that too in English.

5. Why choose Vedantu for the best speeches of Mahatma Gandhi?

Throughout his entire life Mahatma Gandhi had given so many speeches and in each speech of Mahatma Gandhi teaches us something, but Vedantu has selected the six speeches given on the six most important time periods of Indian history and provides these speeches to the students to read and learn life lessons. Also, Vedantu provides all the speeches in English and hence for the students of English medium, it becomes really easy to understand and comprehend the same. And hence you must choose Vedantu for the best speeches of Mahatma Gandhi.

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• Speech On Mahatma Gandhi

Speech on Mahatma Gandhi

Been assigned to write a speech on Mahatma Gandhi? Don’t really know what details to add in your speech? Here are a few examples to help you write a good one.

Mahatma Gandhi Speech in English for Students

Short speech on mahatma gandhi, faqs on mahatma gandhi.

Mahatma Gandhi was one of the national leaders who fought for the Indian Independence. In fact, he was the one who led the successful campaign for India’s Independence from British rule. Gandhi was a student of law, but he gave up his profession and chose to fight for his nation. According to him, “An eye for an eye will only make the whole world blind.” He followed non-violence and believed that violence was not the answer to everything.

He said, “Be the change that you wish to see in the world”, and that is exactly what he did with his life. He was the change. He did what was necessary for the freedom of his fellow citizens and cared the least about his own life. He spearheaded numerous movements that led to his arrest and a lot of other life threatening situations.

Gandhi was called ‘Mahatma’ for a reason. He was a great soul in the eyes of his fellow Indians. His continuous efforts and perseverance are what brought all the leaders and people together to stand against the British. He made everyone believe that, together, they could win their country back.

There are many people we look up to as role models. Mahatma Gandhi can for sure be on that list as one of the greatest leaders in history. To be a leader like him is what one should aspire to be. To stand in front, take the first hit and live an exemplary life paving the way for future leaders to be.

“My life is my message”, said Mahatma Gandhi. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, born on October 2, 1869 in Porbandar, was a lawyer, social activist, politician and writer. He became the head of the nationalist movement for Indian Independence. It is for his unassuming acts that he has been hailed as the Father of the Nation. It is to honour him that we celebrate Gandhi Jayanti on the 2 nd of October every year, which is also declared as a national holiday.

He played a very prominent role in India’s freedom struggle. Movements like the Dandi March, the Quit India Movement, the Non-Cooperation Movement, etc., were carried out under his leadership. Anyone who knows how life was in the pre-independent India would never fail to appreciate the kind of work Mahatma Gandhi has done for the country. Today is just another day to remind each of us how grateful we should be and the kind of life we should aspire to lead. Let us all try our best to start living our lives in a much more meaningful way, one day at a time. Let us also inspire the younger generation to work hard for the progress of our country, for the future of our country is in our hands.

What are Mahatma Gandhi’s famous lines?

Here are a few famous quotes of Gandhi. “Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever.” “Happiness is when what you think, what you say, and what you do are in harmony.” “The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others.”

What is Gandhi’s most popular work?

‘The Story of My Experiments with Truth’ is the most notable work of Mahatma Gandhi. This is an autobiography detailing his life and his experiences.

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Gandhi Jayanti is celebrated every October 2. Why this date? You might ask yourself. Well, on this day, the famous Indian freedom movement leader Mahatma Gandhi was born. This celebration is dedicated to him and the school of thought that he developed. He led the freedom movement against the ruling of the British in India. He had a clear, simple statement: avoid violence. With this presentation dedicated to this festivity, you can speak about how this day is celebrated and the importance this figure had in India’s history

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Mahatma Gandhi

Jul 31, 2014

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Mahatma Gandhi. The struggle for Indian independence. Early Life. Born 1869 as Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi From a middle class Hindu family; studied law in England Left India to work as a legal representative for Muslim-Indian traders in South Africa from 1893-1914. Gandhi in South Africa.

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Presentation Transcript

Mahatma Gandhi The struggle for Indian independence

Early Life • Born 1869 as Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi • From a middle class Hindu family; studied law in England • Left India to work as a legal representative for Muslim-Indian traders in South Africa from 1893-1914

Gandhi in South Africa • Fought against racism, prejudice, and injustice directed at Indians in S. Africa • Developed his social activism during this time • "Satyagraha" • Formed an ambulance corps in 1900 during the Boer War • Created Indian Opinion newspaper

Satyagraha - "truth force" • Use of nonviolent resistance to end injustice • Influences: • Hinduism - nonviolence and respect for all life • Christianity - loving one's enemies • Henry David Thoreau - civil disobedience; the refusal to obey unjust laws • Goal of satyagraha • "convert the wrongdoer" • Gandhi hoped that by accepting punishment without retaliation, the world and the British aware of injustices being committed

Return to India - 1914 • Within a few years, became a leader in the Indian struggle for independence • United the middle-class, common people, and Indian patrons of the British • Demanded better treatment for the "untouchables" • United Hindus and Muslims in the movement for independence • Founded Young India and Navajivan journals

Return to India (continued) • Reminded Indians of their rich heritage • Gave up western ways • Encouraged traditional Indian industries, especially spinning cotton • Led a simple life - dressed in white cotton clothes commonly worn by India's poor • Emphasized Hindu virtues (duty, morality, self-discipline)

Amritsar Massacre - turning point • Fearing mass insurrection, British passed harsh new laws limiting many freedoms and rights • Tense period; sporadic acts of violence around the country • April 13, 1919 - More than 10,000 Indians gather in public area in Amritsar for peaceful protest • British force under Gen. Dyer arrive on scene • Without warning, opens fire on crowd of men, women, and children • Soldiers fire until nearly out of ammo • Many Indians trampled to death or jumped into well to escape fire

Amritsar Massacre - Gandhi (1982)

Aftermath of Amritsar Massacre • Fueled Indian distrust of the British - created climate of hostility that would last through the rest of India's struggle for independence • Reaction in Britain was mixed: • Supporters of the Raj (mainly in the House of Lords) considered Gen. Dyer a hero • General public, and House of Commons, condemned the massacre • Led to increased violence • Many Indians called for complete separation from Britain • Many moderate politicians, such as Gandhi, were pushed toward outright rebellion

1930 - The Salt March (Dandi March) • British laws enacted to prevent Indians from making their own salt - they had to buy heavily taxed salt from the government • Gandhi used satyagraha to protest salt laws • Protested by marching 200 miles to the coast to make salt • Thousands of people joined Gandhi along the way • Gandhi and around 50,000 of his followers arrested afterwards

1942-45: "Quit India" Movement • At start of WWII, Indians did not want to fight for British • Indian National Congress would not support British without immediate independence • Gandhi and Congress urged Indians to practice policy of non-cooperation with the British; continued campaign of civil disobedience • British response: arrest of more than 20,000 members of INC leadership (virtually all of it) • 1945 - British weak after WWII, public support for keeping overseas colonies diminishing

Hindu-Muslim Conflict • In early stages of independence movement, Hindus and Muslims were united • This changed through the 20's and 30's, and tensions between the two groups emerged (Congress party and the Muslim League) • Stemmed from long history of clashes between the two religions • Muhammad Ali Jinnah: demanded separate Muslim nation • Muslims did not trust Hindu-dominated government to secure their rights • Hindus viewed Muslims as foreign conquerors

Hindu-Muslim Conflict (continued) • 1946 - Widespread rioting between Hindus and Muslims; British foresaw civil war • 1947 - British pass Indian Independence Act: • Ended British rule in India • Creation of (Hindu) India and (Muslim) Pakistan • Following the partition, explosion of violence • Despite promises of tolerance, fighting between two groups left more than half a million dead • Estimated 15 million people migrated between the countries to escape fighting • Gandhi deeply upset by this; refused to celebrate when India officially achieved independence

Assassination • January 30, 1947 - Gandhi shot three times at close range after giving blessing to assassin • Assassin was Hindu extremist who believed Gandhi was appeasing Muslims at the expense of Hindus • Hoped to start a war between Hindus and Muslims; had opposite effect as it drew both groups together in mourning • PM Jawaharlal Nehru - addressed nation over radio, spontaneously and without preparation • Considered by some to be one of the greatest speeches in history

Nehru's Speech on Gandhi's Death

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Johnson & Johnson Reports Q1 2024 Results

2024 first-quarter reported sales growth of 2.3% to $21.4 billion with operational growth of 3.9%* and adjusted operational growth of 4.0%* · adjusted operational growth excluding covid-19 vaccine of 7.7%* 2024 first-quarter earnings per share (eps) increased to $2.20 and adjusted eps increased to $2.71 or 12.4%* company increasing the midpoint for full-year 2024 operational sales 5 and adjusted operational eps guidance.

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New Brunswick, N.J. (April 16, 2024) – Johnson & Johnson (NYSE: JNJ) today announced results for first-quarter 2024. “Johnson & Johnson’s solid first quarter performance reflects our sharpened focus and the progress in our portfolio and pipeline,” said Joaquin Duato, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. “Our impact across the full spectrum of healthcare is unique in our industry, and the milestones achieved this quarter reinforce our position as an innovation powerhouse.”

Unless otherwise noted, the financial results and earnings guidance included below reflect the continuing operations of Johnson & Johnson.

Overall Financial Results

1 Non-GAAP financial measure; refer to reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures included in accompanying schedules 2 Excludes the impact of translational currency 3 Excludes the net impact of acquisitions and divestitures and translational currency 4 Excludes intangible amortization expense and special items 5 Excludes COVID-19 Vaccine 6 Basic shares are used to calculate loss per share in the first quarter of 2023 as use of diluted shares when in a loss position would be anti-dilutive Note: Values may have been rounded

Regional Sales Results

1 Non-GAAP financial measure; refer to reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures included in accompanying schedules 2 Excludes the impact of translational currency 3 Excludes the net impact of acquisitions and divestitures and translational currency Note: Values may have been rounded

Segment Sales Results

1 Non-GAAP financial measure; refer to reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures included in accompanying schedules 2 Excludes the impact of translational currency 3 Excludes the net impact of acquisitions and divestitures and translational currency Values may have been rounded

First Quarter 2024 Segment Commentary: Operational sales* reflected below excludes the impact of translational currency. Adjusted operational sales* reflected below excludes the net impact of acquisitions and divestitures and translational currency.

Innovative Medicine Innovative Medicine worldwide operational sales, excluding the COVID-19 Vaccine, grew 8.3%*. Growth was driven by DARZALEX (daratumumab), ERLEADA (apalutamide), CARVYKTI (ciltacabtagene autoleucel), TECVAYLI (teclistamab-cqyv) and Other Oncology in Oncology, UPTRAVI (selexipag) and OPSUMIT (macitentan) in Pulmonary Hypertension, TREMFYA (guselkumab) in Immunology, and SPRAVATO (esketamine) in Neuroscience. Including the COVID-19 Vaccine, Innovative Medicine worldwide operational sales grew 2.5%*.

MedTech MedTech worldwide operational sales grew 6.3%* driven primarily by electrophysiology products and Abiomed in Cardiovascular, previously referred to as Interventional Solutions, and wound closure products in General Surgery.

Notable New Announcements in the Quarter: The information contained in this section should be read together with Johnson & Johnson’s other disclosures filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including its Current Reports on Form 8-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Annual Reports on Form 10-K. Copies of these filings are available online at www.sec.gov , www.jnj.com or on request from Johnson & Johnson. The reader is also encouraged to review all other news releases and information available in the Investor Relations section of the company’s website at News Releases , as well as Innovative Medicine News Center , MedTech News & Events , www.factsabouttalc.com , and www.LLTManagementInformation.com.

1 Subsequent to the quarter

Full-Year 2024 Guidance: Johnson & Johnson does not provide GAAP financial measures on a forward-looking basis because the company is unable to predict with reasonable certainty the ultimate outcome of legal proceedings, unusual gains and losses, acquisition-related expenses, and purchase accounting fair value adjustments without unreasonable effort. These items are uncertain, depend on various factors, and could be material to Johnson & Johnson’s results computed in accordance with GAAP.

1 Non-GAAP financial measure; excludes the net impact of acquisitions and divestitures 2 Non-GAAP financial measure; excludes the impact of translational currency 3 Calculated using Euro Average Rate: April 2024 = $1.08 and January 2024 = $1.09 (Illustrative purposes only) 4 Non-GAAP financial measure; excludes intangible amortization expense and special items 5 Excludes COVID-19 Vaccine

Note: Percentages may have been rounded

Other modeling considerations will be provided on the webcast .

Webcast Information: Johnson & Johnson will conduct a conference call with investors to discuss this earnings release today at 8:30 a.m., Eastern Time. A simultaneous webcast of the call for investors and other interested parties may be accessed by visiting the Johnson & Johnson website . A replay and podcast will be available approximately two hours after the live webcast in the Investor Relations section of the company’s website at events-and-presentations .

About Johnson & Johnson: At Johnson & Johnson, we believe health is everything. Our strength in healthcare innovation empowers us to build a world where complex diseases are prevented, treated, and cured, where treatments are smarter and less invasive, and solutions are personal. Through our expertise in Innovative Medicine and MedTech, we are uniquely positioned to innovate across the full spectrum of healthcare solutions today to deliver the breakthroughs of tomorrow, and profoundly impact health for humanity. Learn more at https://www.jnj.com/ .

Non-GAAP Financial Measures: * “Operational sales growth” excluding the impact of translational currency, “adjusted operational sales growth” excluding the net impact of acquisitions and divestitures and translational currency, as well as “adjusted net earnings”, “adjusted diluted earnings per share” and “adjusted operational diluted earnings per share” excluding after-tax intangible amortization expense and special items, are non-GAAP financial measures and should not be considered replacements for, and should be read together with, the most comparable GAAP financial measures. Except for guidance measures, reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures can be found in the accompanying financial schedules of the earnings release and the Investor Relations section of the company’s website at quarterly results .

Copies of the financial schedules accompanying this earnings release are available on the company’s website at quarterly results . These schedules include supplementary sales data, a condensed consolidated statement of earnings, reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures, and sales of key products/franchises. Additional information on Johnson & Johnson, including adjusted income before tax by segment, an Innovative Medicine pipeline of selected compounds in late stage development and a copy of today’s earnings call presentation can also be found in the Investor Relations section of the company’s website at quarterly results .

Note to Investors Concerning Forward-Looking Statements: This press release contains “forward-looking statements” as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 regarding, among other things: future operating and financial performance, product development, and market position and business strategy. The reader is cautioned not to rely on these forward-looking statements. These statements are based on current expectations of future events. If underlying assumptions prove inaccurate or known or unknown risks or uncertainties materialize, actual results could vary materially from the expectations and projections of Johnson & Johnson. Risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to: economic factors, such as interest rate and currency exchange rate fluctuations; competition, including technological advances, new products and patents attained by competitors; challenges inherent in new product research and development, including uncertainty of clinical success and obtaining regulatory approvals; uncertainty of commercial success for new and existing products; challenges to patents; the impact of patent expirations; the ability of the Company to successfully execute strategic plans, including restructuring plans; the impact of business combinations and divestitures; manufacturing difficulties or delays, internally or within the supply chain; product efficacy or safety concerns resulting in product recalls or regulatory action; significant adverse litigation or government action, including related to product liability claims; changes to applicable laws and regulations, including tax laws and global health care reforms; trends toward health care cost containment; changes in behavior and spending patterns of purchasers of health care products and services; financial instability of international economies and legal systems and sovereign risk; increased scrutiny of the health care industry by government agencies; the Company’s ability to realize the anticipated benefits from the separation of Kenvue Inc; and Kenvue’s ability to succeed as a standalone publicly traded company. A further list and descriptions of these risks, uncertainties and other factors can be found in Johnson & Johnson’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, including in the sections captioned “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” and in Johnson & Johnson’s subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Copies of these filings are available online at www.sec.gov , www.jnj.com or on request from Johnson & Johnson. Any forward-looking statement made in this release speaks only as of the date of this release. Johnson & Johnson does not undertake to update any forward-looking statement as a result of new information or future events or developments.

Media contact: Tesia Williams [email protected]

Investor contact: Jessica Moore [email protected]