is another excellent way to track of your thoughts, and it is also an ideal way to group your ideas and resources and add structure to your knowledge. See:
takes the metaphor of sticky notes on a boardroom wall and brings it online allowing anyone - anywhere to brainstorm with only a web browser. Each user picks their favorite ideas and Stormboard brings the best ones forward. From their website: "Stormboard is an online brainstorming and collaboration platform. The name comes from a combination of brainstorm and whiteboard." Find a description, screenshots, and tutorial at the from the College of Education at the University of Houston. |
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- is a really easy to use mind mapping or brainstorming tool. You can go to the site and start brainstorming immediately! |
Coggle.it is a free, easy-to-use web application for creating beautiful informative diagrams and mindmaps.
For a tutorial video introduction, click the Coggle:
If you find it easier you can, of course, brainstorm and mind map on a big piece of paper with some colored pens or a big board with some post-it notes!
Choose whichever method works best for you.
At Mind Map Inspiration artist Paul Foreman offers example Mind Maps ® for inspiration and motivation, plus mindmapping tips, drawing tips, techniques for enhancing your creativity, and improving idea generation.
See the process of mind mapping from start :
Mind Maps ® were invented by Tony Buzan
Mindmapping helps us progress from linear (one-dimensional) through lateral (two-dimensional) to radiant (multi-dimensional) thinking.
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The process of creating a mind map is simple, intuitive, and powerful. Use pen and paper or software to learn how to make a mind map quickly and easily. Once you learn, you’ll be able to brainstorm ideas, plan projects , and develop your creativity.
A mind map starts with a single central topic . It then b ranches outward with topics and subtopics that reflect your ideas. Branches often contain images and icons to enhance the information.
If you’re using a pen and paper, turn the paper sideways before you begin ; this provides a larger space to map. If you’re using mind mapping software , you won’t have to worry about running out of space. These tools give you a nearly infinite canvas.
Consider the focus of your mind map and put that in the center of your page. For example, if you’re planning out your future business , you’d put “My Business” as the central topic. If you were writing a book summary, you might use the book title as the primary topic of your mind map.
For our example, we’ll use a mind map to plan out a simple to-do list, so we’ll put “My To-Do List” as our central topic.
Next, think about the ideas that come to mind or the big ‘categories’ that relate to your central topic . Draw these branches out from the center. For our to-do list mind map, we’ve identified four main branches as Work, Study, Health, and Home.
Imagine these are based on the four key areas where we have tasks to complete. Your mind map might have more than four main branches or fewer, it’s up to you.
Once you have your first-level topics, imagine these expanding like tree branches . Think about how to expand on a single idea, or break it down into smaller parts. In this example, we’ve broken our first-level topics into subtopics. So, our “Home” topic is expanded to include Children, Finance, and Vacation.
From this point, we can continue to expand branches as far as we want. For example, you’ll see below that we start to add tasks and other ideas onto our branches. There is no limit to how far out your branches might expand if you’re using mind mapping software. You can continue to build as far as you need.
When building your mind map, try to use just keywords in your topics and subtopics, rather than writing long sentences. This will help to keep it manageable, and avoid key information being lost in too many words.
Many people find it helpful to add small illustrations, doodles, images, or icons to their mind maps to help certain information stand out. Pictures also help to personalize the content and make it more memorable.
In our example, we’ve customized the map by adding some images to our first-level topics. You could also add a small icon to some tasks that are more urgent so that these items stand out in the mind map.
Remember, there is no requirement to add images to your mind maps, and adding too many images can make it feel cluttered and detract from the key information. Try to be selective and purposeful in adding images to your mind map. Any images added should help you better understand the information.
Mind mapping is an extremely simple process that can be applied to almost anything. Some maps may be finished after five minutes, and others may continue to develop for five years, depending on the focus and purpose of the mind map. There are no fixed rules to obey, or specific techniques to stick to, so experiment and see what works for you.
Hopefully, the guidance above provides you with some practical help as you take your first steps in mind mapping . The best way to learn is to go give it a try!
33 free mind map templates & examples (word,powerpoint,psd).
A mind map is a tool used to explore an idea or concept and its related topics. Mind map diagrams visually present information in a non-linear way, and there is no often no specified structure to follow when mind mapping.
The aim of a mind map template is to develop a deeper understanding of a central concept and generate related information from one idea. Mind maps are typically used for brainstorming and are a popular method with students when exploring concepts.
Table of Contents
We provide a range of free mind map templates for you to download and customize for your mind mapping sessions and brainstorming process.
Mind maps are diagrams used in a range of industries to help people brainstorm and organize their ideas. A mind map template can be an incredibly useful resource regardless of how complex the initial concept is.
Many people choose to create a mind map template to explore ideas at a deeper level and to help them form connections between a specific concept and its related ideas. Used correctly, mind maps can extend the thought process and inspire creativity, allowing you to discover new ideas as a result.
While both diagrams have useful features, mind map templates are a great tool for focused, intense study of a central topic.
For example, you may use a mind map template to study a particular aspect of a novel . If you are studying a novel in class, then you can create a mind map template for each of the main characters. The topics that would stem from each character could be their intentions, their appearance, key quotes, and their main relationships in the story.
Mind mapping for students.
Mind maps are commonly used by students for studying or planning an essay. A mind map is highly customizable, meaning you are not restricted to a specific structure when brainstorming ideas. With this in mind, students at any level can use mind maps as part of their study routine.
When studying for an exam, you can edit a mind map template to organize information using branches that link to different topics. Mind mapping can be as detailed or as simplistic as you like, depending on what you are studying.
You can easily add ideas as they come to you with a mind map template. For example, if you are copying your notes into a mind map template, perhaps a new idea arises. You can simply add this to the mind map template without feeling like it ruins the overall presentation of your ideas.
The visual layout of mind maps can help you to easily remember information. If you choose one section for a specific topic related to your main concept, then you can use the positioning of the topic to help you recall information.
It is also useful to use a specific color for different branches for this reason. Mind mapping is a staple study tool because of how the visual layout improves the recall of information.
Mind maps can be used in business, either as part of a brainstorming process or as a part of a presentation during a team meeting .
Regardless of what your business is, you can use a mind map template to:
The brainstorming aspect of mind map diagrams is favored by business people, as it can easily be used as part of a collaboration with a team. A mind map template is therefore useful when project planning or improving marketing strategy.
Brainstorming as a team can help to:
Mind map templates can also be used as part of a formal presentation to help easily display ideas to colleagues, a team, or clients. Mind maps can also be used in online meetings.
There are several types of mind maps for you to use, depending on the topic you are researching. These include:
Whilst the key features remain the same for each template, mind maps are versatile tools that you can use for a range of purposes.
Possibly the most common form of mind map, the spider map template begins with the main concept in the middle of the page, with related ideas connected by branches, like a spider web. Spider map templates are great for brainstorming ideas related to a particular concept.
Spider mind maps give a simplified overview of a central concept, making them a go-to choice for students and researchers.
Bubble maps will often use one word as the central concept, with related adjectives branching out from this. For example, ‘sun’ would be the central concept, with ‘yellow’ and ‘hot’ as words in the outer circles.
The bubble mind map template structure includes space for the central idea in the middle circle, with outer circles arranged for the related adjectives. Bubble maps are therefore particularly useful when writing an essay or planning a story, as they take one simple concept and allow you to expand this creatively into more specific or nuanced ideas. You can also add images to your bubble mind map template to customize the layout.
A brace map template is used for developing a deeper understanding of a specific concept, giving you a closer insight into one central concept. A brace map template allows you to understand how something works, particularly physical objects.
The structure of a brace map is still simple, however. You simply write the name of the object on the left-hand side of the page and draw the brace next to this, which you can adjust based on its related parts. Images are also useful to add to a brace map template, as they provide reminders of concepts related to the main idea.
Flow maps are used present ideas in a coherent sequence. They are designed in a flowchart style, with one concept leading to the next using arrows. They can be displayed horizontally or vertically.
Aside from being a useful study tool, flow maps work great as part of a presentation to highlight a sequence clearly. This can be applicable to businesses when displaying a proposed strategy, or for students who are explaining a timeline of events.
Multi-flow diagrams work best for establishing cause-and-effect relationships between a central concept and its related topics.
Multi-flow map templates are designed with the main concept in the middle, similar to most mind map formats. However, a multi-flow map will typically have the causes of this concept branching out from the left-hand side, and the effects of this concept branching out to the right-hand side.
The arrows in the mind map template will flow from left to right to represent a journey from cause to effect. This is a particularly useful type of mind map when researching historical events, novels, or scientific concepts.
A real benefit to using a mind map is that they are simple and free to create. Using a mind map template makes this process even easier, and allows you to customize the mind map to your liking.
You may wish to create mind map diagrams on a computer using Google Slides or a word processor. While this may be more time-consuming, the features of online tools are particularly good for a presentation with an audience.
You can follow the same steps for designing your mind map template, whether on paper or online.
You can download a free mind map template to begin mapping out your thinking. Mind map templates allow you to explore ideas about a concept and structure your thinking in a clear way.
Seeing a mind map template as a blank canvas can seem daunting, but the final product will result in an understanding of the bigger picture after a creative brainstorming process. You can print and edit a free mind map template to help with your study or research process.
Happy mind mapping!
Brainstorm ideas, manage projects and collaborate with your team in one flexible tool.
What makes a good essay plan a student guide.
posted in Education , Featured , Tips & Facts .
Whatever stage of education you’re at, creating a good essay plan can be a difficult task. But the best essay plans are surprisingly easy . Why? Because they work with your brain to optimise your creativity, boost your productivity, and improve confidence in your writing. This article will help you break down your essay into manageable chunks and build your study skills from the ground up .
An essay plan helps you organise abstract thoughts about a specific topic into concrete ideas. These ideas form the basis of essays for school, college, university, and beyond. Essay planning is a skill that you develop over time . Which sounds scary, but if you’re reading this, you’re already on the right track. One of the most efficient ways to do this is through a mind map. In the early stages of planning, the non-linear structure of a mind map helps get your creative juices flowing. It also helps you link thoughts and ideas , perfect for creating meaningful arguments .
More than this, an essay plan is a tool for you to use in lots of different ways. It is a chance for you to play around with your subject matter and essay writing skills, or even talk through your ideas with others before you write the essay. And your plan can be used after you’ve actually written the essay: a knowledge base around a topic for you to use when you need a refresher on what you actually know. In fact, it’s more effective to recreate or re-read a mind map of your essay than it is to reread the essay itself when it comes to consolidating your knowledge.
With all this in mind, let’s think about what makes a good essay plan:
This isn’t a new trick, but it’s more effective than you might think . Breaking down your main idea into 3 or 4 main points, sub-ideas, or themes, works wonders when creating a formidable argument . How you do this will depend on the length of the essay. This is important because you don’t want to be left with too much, or too little, to say.
If your essay is going to be shorter, maybe 500 – 1,500 words, you can break down the essay into 3 or 4 key points that you will be making. Then, put in whatever works for you . Maybe you need to include the example(s) you’ll be using to illustrate that point, or maybe you want to add the opening line of that paragraph to get yourself started. If you struggle with creating a cohesive essay, you might want to add in your linking statements to get the tricky bit out of the way.
When things get a little bit more complicated, you simply repeat this process. The fundamentals of good essay writing don’t change (phew!), only the word count and number of points you make do. Break down the essay into 3-4 larger points, and then break down each point into 3 smaller points that will each make up their own paragraph when you come to writing your essay. For example, if you were writing about power in the Frank Hubert’s book, Dune , you could break the concept of power down as follows:
So, each of these final ‘sub points’ would be their own paragraphs, each with key examples from the book. You can use this technique for any subject , and it’s a great way to get your point across clearly.
2. a good essay plan works for you.
An essay plan is done whenever you feel ready to write the essay . What ‘ready’ means will change from person to person. It’s important to create a plan that actually helps you and works with your style of thinking, not against it. Sometimes, you can be so caught up in what an essay play ‘should’ be that you forget that it’s a plan for you.
So, take a second to think about what a ‘ready’ essay plan would actually look like for you. Do you work better with limited distractions and short, strong keywords to bounce off from? Or do you prefer to delve deeper into planning before you start?
Because this is a plan that works for you , make it as fun and visual as you need to. Add photos that you associate with a particular point, character, or idea. Change the colour of your mind map, the paper you use, the digital background colour. If your essay plan is digital, add links, videos, or even music to help you get into the zone. Turning your planning into a creative exercise can really help when it comes to motivating yourself.
Importantly, an essay plan should be flexible enough to meet your needs. When you are planning your essay, you will probably come across additional knowledge or content that spark new arguments . These could be invaluable for your essay, so your plan should be able to make space for these. With digital mind maps you have an infinite canvas to work on. This lets you stay flexible as you capture all of your possible arguments into one mind map. Because in a mind map you can view all of your arguments at the same time, you can also easily decide which arguments will be your best bets when writing your actual essay . Be careful not to leave these in indefinitely though, or it might confuse you when it comes to writing your first draft. Instead, make a ‘further ideas’ branch to come back to at a later date, or use an ideas bank to store arguments you don’t want to make just yet.
Knowing what works best for your brain helps you stay efficient and focused in your planning. This lets you get everything done by your deadline . Need to be task-oriented to get stuff done? Ensure your planning is integrated into your weekly plan . You can assign each branch of the essay a specific day, where you’ll work only on that argument, or you can assign a time to each stage of the planning process. If you use digital mind maps or planning tools, use the task functions they might have to get the most out of your software. Giving yourself miniature deadlines can help you hold yourself accountable which will pay off in the long run.
Finishing an essay can give you a HUGE sense of accomplishment. But after it’s finished, the work you put in shouldn’t have to go to waste . By creating an engaging, visually appealing essay plan in the form of a mind map, you can reuse this content for future essays and plans. A really good essay plan helps you consolidate what you learnt and worked on. This means that every essay you write becomes easier; you’re building a knowledge base for yourself to make the most of what you already know.
Revising is a bit different to writing an essay. So, you might want to redraw your mind map or try out ideas in a different format. Stretch your brain and improvise : this will pay off massively when it comes to exam time, or when you have an opportunity to use this knowledge in the future. When using a digital mind map software, like Ayoa , you can copy your mind map and see how you can reshape it to suit other questions you might be asked in your exam. Easy digital duplication means no excessive time is spent manually redrawing another mind map from hand. Questions you get in an exam might differ from essays you write, so this is great practice for improvising quickly .
One great way to make sure your essay plan will benefit you in the long term is to go back over your plan once you’ve had feedback on your essay. Integrate your feedback into the plan, asking yourself:
You can incorporate this into the design of your mind map in a way that builds upon your original content. Add the branches in a new colour, add them as comments to existing branches. You could even invite friends or supervisors via Mind Map Sharing so that they can comment directly on your map .
Sometimes the best techniques are the simplest – your approach to planning your essays is no different. In working with your brain via mind maps on your essay plan, you will ensure that you get the most out of your studies . Most importantly, having read this guide, you’re already on the way to creating good essay plans. We hope some of these tips will serve you well in the coming months and years as you grow your study skills and essay planning technique.
Like this guide, and want to see more? Share your thoughts with us in the comments below or by using the #mind-map hashtag on social media! If you really want to level up your studying , read our other blogs on improving your study skills!
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A Mind Map is a hierarchical visual diagram used to structure and organise information. It is built around a concept, depicting relationships between associated ideas and the core concept. The most common representations of a mind map are a sunburst pattern or a spider diagram, branching pathways from a central theme.
A term coined by Tony Buzan , mind maps have grown in popularity to become a mainstream tool used in academics, business and by individuals.
The average Human brain has the capacity to store vast amounts of information. Where it tends to fall short is the ability to recall this stored information after a period of time. Using a mind map to create visual associations between concepts, words and ideas can make remembering this information a lot easier as it improves one’s visual thinking capacity.
They can be an incredibly useful study tool in a variety of ways;
Start with a concept or theory in the centre of the page, Product Price here as an example. Now just write out all the words that come to mind when you think of the concept or instead by writing down the key words you want to link to the concept. Using labels on the line to show the type of relationship is also a great way to reiterate certain key ideas that tie back to the concept. Labels can be ’causes’, ‘effect’, impacted by’, ‘contributes’ etc. Finally, arrows are a good way to show in which direction the relationship flows.
Labels can then be used to establish the nature of the relationship;
The next step is to use arrows to indicate direction;
These steps are the basic tenets to creating a Mind Map. While computer generated mind maps have gained in popularity, recall is strengthened when physically writing things down. For this reason, especially when used as a study tool, it is recommended to always hand draw the Mind Map.
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This essay about Freud’s defense mechanisms explores how the mind unconsciously protects itself from psychological distress. It describes various mechanisms, such as repression, denial, projection, rationalization, and sublimation, using metaphors to illustrate their functions. Repression pushes disturbing thoughts out of awareness, while denial rejects uncomfortable realities. Projection attributes one’s unacceptable feelings to others, and rationalization creates justifications for behaviors. Sublimation channels unacceptable impulses into productive activities. The essay highlights the role of these mechanisms in maintaining mental equilibrium and their impact on our behavior, offering insights into human psychology and promoting self-awareness and emotional well-being.
How it works
In the labyrinthine corridors of the human psyche, Freud’s theories have long cast a guiding light, illuminating the dark corners where our deepest fears and desires reside. Among his many contributions, the concept of defense mechanisms stands out, offering a fascinating glimpse into how we unconsciously protect ourselves from psychological distress. These mental strategies are not just relics of early 20th-century psychoanalysis; they remain relevant, intricately woven into the fabric of our everyday lives.
Imagine, for a moment, the mind as a bustling metropolis.
At its heart is the ego, striving to maintain balance between the demands of reality, the desires of the id, and the moral constraints of the superego. When this balance is threatened, defense mechanisms spring into action, akin to an invisible security force, shielding the ego from overwhelming anxiety and preserving our mental equilibrium.
Take repression, for example. This mechanism acts like a vigilant gatekeeper, pushing threatening or disturbing thoughts out of conscious awareness. It’s the mental equivalent of shoving unwanted memories into a dusty attic, out of sight and, ostensibly, out of mind. Yet, these repressed thoughts often find subtle ways to resurface, influencing our behavior in ways we might not fully comprehend. It’s as if the metropolis of the mind has secret underground tunnels through which repressed emotions occasionally emerge, catching us off guard.
Then there is denial, a mechanism many of us can recognize in others, if not ourselves. Denial is the refusal to accept reality, a stubborn insistence that certain facts simply do not exist. It’s a psychological blindfold, shielding the mind from an uncomfortable truth. Consider someone who has just received a dire medical diagnosis. The initial reaction might be a firm belief that the doctor has made a mistake, that the results must be wrong. Denial buys time, allowing the individual to gradually come to terms with the harsh reality at their own pace.
Projection, another fascinating defense mechanism, involves attributing our own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to others. It’s like standing before a mirror and seeing not our own reflection, but a distorted image that places our inner turmoil onto someone else. This can manifest in various ways, such as the unfaithful partner who accuses their spouse of infidelity, thereby projecting their own guilt and easing their internal conflict.
Rationalization is perhaps one of the most creative defense mechanisms, spinning elaborate tales to justify behaviors or thoughts that might otherwise induce guilt or shame. It’s the mental alchemist, transforming the base metals of our actions into the gold of plausible explanations. Imagine a student who fails an exam and convinces themselves that the test was unfairly difficult, rather than confronting their lack of preparation. Rationalization smooths over the rough edges of reality, making it more palatable.
Another defense mechanism, sublimation, channels unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities. It’s the artist who pours their anguish into a masterpiece, the athlete who channels aggression into a competitive sport. Sublimation is a testament to the mind’s remarkable ability to transform inner chaos into productive and creative endeavors.
Freud’s exploration of these defense mechanisms reveals much about the human condition. They are not merely tools for avoiding pain; they are sophisticated strategies that allow us to navigate a complex emotional landscape. In the grand city of the mind, defense mechanisms are the unsung architects, quietly shaping the skyline of our consciousness.
In reflecting on these mechanisms, we gain insight into our behaviors and the behaviors of those around us. Understanding repression, denial, projection, rationalization, and sublimation allows us to approach our own psychological defenses with greater awareness and compassion. It also invites us to consider how these mechanisms, while protective, can sometimes hinder personal growth and emotional authenticity.
As we journey through life, Freud’s defense mechanisms serve as a reminder of the intricate dance between vulnerability and resilience. They highlight the delicate balance the ego strives to maintain in the face of internal and external pressures. By bringing these unconscious processes into the light, we can begin to understand ourselves more deeply, fostering a greater sense of self-awareness and emotional well-being. In this way, Freud’s legacy continues to illuminate the path, guiding us through the labyrinth of our own minds.
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Kamala Harris has been on a yo-yo string with Democratic Party bigwigs since that cataclysmic debate performance catapulted her boss out of a sure 2024 nomination.
Weeks before President Joe Biden stepped aside – and swiftly endorsed Harris to be the 2024 nominee – the vice president had emerged as the most logical replacement to top the ticket after Biden wore his frailty on national TV.
Allies disseminated a logic about why Harris would be the natural successor: She could seamlessly inherit the campaign's massive warchest; her law enforcement background is best suited to prosecute the political case against Republican Donald Trump; polling shows she can win ; and having been the nation's first multiracial and woman VP could galvanize a new generation of younger progressives.
But from the start, there has been a hesitancy to fully embrace the country’s second-in-command, with some Democrats openly overlooking her. When a group of 24 former House Democrats sent Biden a letter last week lobbying for an open convention in August, it made no mention of Harris.
The day after Biden found himself fighting for his future in an interview with ABC News’ George Stephanopoulos, Harris was asked to assure Black women, the party’s backbone , that the U.S. wouldn’t take a step backward in this election on issues they care about, including economic and reproductive freedom. Her message was far from reassuring.
“Here’s the thing about elections,” Harris told a moderator at Essence Festival of Culture in New Orleans on July 6, during a discussion entitled “Chief to Chief.” “The people who make decisions at that level often will pay attention to either who’s writing the checks or who votes. That’s a cold, hard reality.”
Recent history: Kamala Harris on standby as Democrats plunge into panic mode
The 59-year-old Harris may seem the obvious strategic page turn for the party as well as a generational shift. Her life has been an acrobatic twist and turn, filled with personal challenges and accomplishments, including political tests in her home state of California similar to what she and the country face now.
But some wonder whether a country bitterly divided by cultural issues around race, gender and family – already seemingly poised to return Donald Trump to power – is ready for a woman of color to sit in the Oval Office.
“Black women are judged more harshly by the right, by the left – by everyone,” said Aimy Steele, founder and CEO of The New North Carolina Project, which is dedicated to expanding voter engagement and access in the Tar Heel State.
Steele said beyond race and gender, there are other parts of Harris’ life that she believes liberal allies will fail to accept or defend, including that she is a professional woman who went unmarried most of her life and put her career first without having biological children.
“I think we’re kidding ourselves to really believe that we are, even on the progressive side, in a post-racial democracy or a place where these types of things don’t matter,” said Steele, who unsuccessfully ran for the North Carolina legislature in 2020.
Halie Soifer, CEO of the Jewish Democratic Council of America, told USA TODAY that’s “all the more reason to make sure that we stand with her. We need to stand for something.”
“Misogyny, racism and other forms of bigotry are going to exist in this country, and yes, they may even be exacerbated by having a woman of color at the top of the ticket,” said Soifer, who served as a national security adviser to Harris in the Senate.
“But that is absolutely not a reason to cower or to allow the fear of that hate to impede progress in this country, and that’s actually been driving Kamala Harris her whole career.”
Other progressives still bruised by the political backlashes from the Barack Obama years emphasize that they concur: Harris is the face of the country’s future. The U.S. is projected to be majority people of color by 2045.
Trump and other Republicans have long been aware of the possible ticket switch, and have derided Harris as incompetent , socially awkward and responsible for chief failures in the Biden administration. GOP officials suggest that’s only the beginning.
“We’ve not really gone into depths with the record of Kamala Harris,” Rep. Byron Donalds, R-Fla., said in a Fox News Sunday appearance this month.
At the Republican National Convention last week, former Republican presidential candidate Nikki Haley reminded delegates she had predicted Democrats would look to pass the baton to Harris in the middle of the 2024 contest.
“For more than a year, I said a vote for Joe Biden is a vote for President Kamala Harris,” she said. "After seeing the debate, everyone knows it’s true. If we have four more years of Biden or a single day of Harris, our country will be badly worse off."
Harris’ opposition is not only coming from the other side of the aisle, as Democratic skeptics worry about her viability.
A former Harris staffer wrote in The Atlantic this month “an automatic coronation of Harris would be a grave mistake.” She argued for a process to battle-test her against others vs. Trump; and said supporters are too quick to write off viability concerns as “racist and sexist.”
A new AP-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research survey released this past week found 58% of Democrats believe Harris would make a good president. But the poll shows 22% of Democrats don't think she would versus 20% who said they don’t know enough about her.
Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, D-N.Y., warned in a Instagram live Thursday it would be incorrect to think there is a consensus among Democrats that Harris will get the support of people who wanted Biden to leave.
Those individuals, she said, “are interested in removing the whole ticket.”
Other progressives, however, warn that backing away from Harris could be disastrous for the party. Democratic strategist Bakari Sellers summed it up in a post on X: “ Skip over Kamala Harris at your own peril.”
Harris was born in Oakland, Calif. in 1964 amid the Civil Rights Movement to immigrant parents – her father Donald Harris, was an economist born in Jamaica and Shyamala Gopalan, was a cancer researcher from India.
In her 2019 memoir, she briefly describes her parents’ marriage falling apart when she was five, leading to divorce. She only saw her father during summers in Palo Alto when he taught at Stanford, and acknowledges she was shaped by her 5’1” mother, whom she calls “extraordinary.”
Her mother took a teaching job at McGill University when Harris was 12, moving her and her sister to Montreal from 1976 until she graduated from high school in 1981.
It was in Canada where Harris first developed an affinity for lawyers who broke barriers such as Thurgood Marshall, Charles Hamilton Houston, Constance Baker Motley – giants of the civil rights movement, she wrote.
Harris returned to the states to attend Howard University where she flourished in the environment where “everyone was young, gifted and Black.” She pledged Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc., the second founded of the historic “divine nine” Greek-lettered organizations among African Americans. She interned at the Federal Trade Commission; researched at the National Archives and was a tour guide at the U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing.
She first entered politics as a staffer for Democratic Sen. Alan Cranston, of California, and then returned home to Oakland to U.C. Hastings College of Law and graduated in 1989.
Harris revealed in her book she took the California bar exam that July and “to my utter devastation, I had failed,” an acknowledged setback for a self-described perfectionist. She passed in February 1990 and began work at the Alameda County District Attorney’s Office.
Her political star began to rise in 1994 with her relationship with Willie Brown, the legendary California politician who at the time was the statehouse speaker, married – although long separated – and 30 years older than Harris.
California entrepreneur Trevor Traina, a longtime Harris friend and former U.S. ambassador to Austria, said that relationship was a politically formative one.
"Kamala’s a warm person who has a lot of charm and charisma. And she is the protégé of Willie Brown, who is the king of charm,” Traina said in an interview with USA TODAY. “And I think she learned well from him.”
Influential San Francisco Chronicle gossip columnist Herb Caen first put her name in print that March as Brown and Harris were spotted around town.
Their romance continued to raise eyebrows that November when Brown named Harris to a state medical board, along with a hefty salary. The affair ended in 1996, but the pair would be linked for decades and the subject of character assaults into the 2020 campaign.
Kristin Powell, principal of Black to the Future Action Fund, a national political advocacy group, said women in politics typically have their dating and sex lives dragged out in public as disqualifiers for higher office.
“The threats against her, in my opinion, will be astronomically higher than the ones against Obama because she’s a woman, not just a Black person, but a Black woman,” she said.
Powell said that same standard isn’t applied to men, noting that for years Trump has been accused of having extra-martial affairs and of sexual assault (which the former president vehemently denies).
By 2000, Harris moved to City Hall and quickly set her eyes on the city’s top prosecutor job, challenging incumbent Terence Hallinan in 2003. An archived radio debate from that election previewed the sharp-elbowed Harris in her first political battle focused on a backlog of 40 homicide cases.
“We are seeing an erosion of the criminal justice system, an absolute neglect of cases and they’re prioritizing politics over professionalism,” Harris said in the testy segment.
Harris’ campaign sent out mailers featuring the ten faces of previous San Francisco DAs stretching back to 1900. All male, all white. “It’s time for a change,” it read in block red letters.
She has continued to underscore the importance of U.S. leadership looking like the increasingly diverse country, including earlier this month at the Essence Festival of Culture, an annual mecca for Black women.
“Let us always celebrate the diversity, the depth and the beauty of our culture,” she said.
If the vice president were to become the first name on a Democratic ticket, political activists such as Powell believe it would be a game-changer in 2024.
“There would be a lot of excitement, not just for her, but when a Black woman gets to the White House, her or someone else, it will be a lot of excitement for women in this country because we deserve to have female leadership,” she said.
Yet, recent polling shows Harris doesn’t necessarily outpace Biden in terms of Black voter enthusiasm, which may indicate she is in a weaker position than some supporters assume.
More: Biden's support among Black women leaders still strong even as others jump ship
Quentin James, founder and president of Collective PAC, which is aimed at building Black political power, said the vice president’s identity is a chief engine of her popularity with racially diverse constituents, but that more sophisticated minority voters have a sharper grading curve.
“I definitely think that representation alone is not enough,” he said. “People are looking for the meat and substance, and not solely the identity.”
Powell concurs that excitement over a non-white, non-male candidate comes second to certain policy commitments, especially among those who’ve lived through the Obama era.
“We would applaud having a Black woman in the White House,” Powell said. “But before we get excited about whether that's Kamala Harris, we need to understand what she’s going to give us.”
A decade before being elevated to the vice presidency, Harris demonstrated an uncanny ability to beat the political odds in a political landscape that, much like today’s national terrain, was dominated by aging white men.
Traina said more than any other time period, he believes Harris’ time as San Francisco’s district attorney is an instructive window into her leadership. He said the city is cosmopolitan and international, but also notoriously left-leaning ranging from mainstream Democrats to socialists.
“There's a tension between the center left and the far left, which I think mirrors the national scene right now for the Democratic Party,” Traina said. “And you have politicians who need to be elected and who need to be able to speak to the center, who understand how to navigate that environment, and Kamala is one of those people.”
She took aim at the California Attorney General’s office in 2010 after the incumbent, Democrat Jerry Brown, ran for governor to replace term-limited Republican Arnold Schwarzenegger. It was up to Harris to retain the seat for the Democrats, and that election season was an extraordinary one as well. It would become the nationwide sweep known as the “red wave.”
Political attacks on Harris included her decision as San Francisco DA to not seek the death penalty for a gang member who shot and killed a police officer.
On Election Day in 2010, the red wave broke. Republicans regained control of the U.S. House and reclaimed governor’s seats and statehouses nationwide. In the Harris-Cooley race, however, the vote turned out to be one of the closest in California history. Ballot counting took more than three weeks.
Ace Smith, Harris’ political consultant at the time, recalls how the San Francisco Chronicle initially declared Cooley the victor.
It was a “Dewey defeats Truman” moment. In the end, Cooley had to concede.
Author Dan Morain, a Harris biographer, points to the win as a formative episode, where national politicians took notice of the upstart from California. The red wave, he said, “stopped at the eastern slope of the Sierra Nevada.”
Smith called Harris a “supremely talented, charismatic person” who attracted voters despite being outspent. In an oral history with Capitol Weekly last year, he suggested the race turned on a debate stage where Cooley defended taking both a pension and a salary after retiring.
Harris’ tenure as California attorney general drew accolades from Obama, who cast her as a “brilliant” and “dedicated” campaigner.
“(S)he is tough, and she is exactly what you’d want in anybody who is administering the law, and making sure that everybody is getting a fair shake," Obama said at a 2013 fundraiser that is best remembered for the president’s commentary on her attractiveness. (He quickly apologized.)
After becoming attorney general, it was clear to many observers Harris was aiming for even higher office, taking cautious positions on hot-button issues – or no position at all.
That would become the basis of Morain’s book, “ Kamala’s Way ,” about her ascent to the U.S. Senate and ultimately the vice presidency.
“It’s about her way of operating, and it’s her path to getting to where she is,” Morain said. “She can be very tough, she can be empathetic, she can be cautious, she can be unsure of herself, but she’s very smart and quick on her feet.”
It’s in this period that a friend introduced Harris to an entertainment lawyer in L.A. who would become her husband. Doug Emhoff would become the first second gentleman and first Jewish spouse of a president or vice president. After they wed in 2014, Emhoff’s children Cole and Ella didn’t want to call Harris a stepmom and coined the phrase: “Momala.”
By January 2015 a new lane had opened. Longtime Sen. Barbara Boxer announced she would not seek reelection in 2016. That left two of Smith’s clients, Harris and then-California Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom, to hash out their political futures – which Smith has said was less dramatic than some have reported.
“That’s stuff of legends and myths, but not true,” Smith said in 2023 . “And at the end of the day, (Newsom) wanted to be governor more than he wanted to be senator. She wanted to be senator… The good news was it was folks who knew each other well.”
In California’s primary system, where the top two vote-getters advance, Harris emerged as the winner to run against fellow Democrat Loretta Sanchez, an almost 10-year veteran of the House of Representatives. She sailed to a more than 20-point victory over Sanchez in the general election in 2016, with the support of Obama and his vice president – Joe Biden.
Harris became only the second Black woman to serve in the Senate in history following Illinois’s Carol Moseley Braun, a victory that came amid a new kind of red wave: That same night, Trump defeated Hillary Clinton.
Harris arrived at the Senate primed for the conflict. Her maiden speech on the Senate floor laced into Trump’s nominee for education secretary and future Cabinet member Betsy DeVos.
She landed initial appointments to the Homeland Security and Intelligence committees, in addition to the Environment and Budget panels. A year into office , Harris’ legal background helped her secure a spot on the Senate Judiciary Committee, which gave her a platform to grill Trump’s judicial nominees.
She leaned into questions about special counsel Robert Mueller’s investigation into allegations of collusion between the Trump campaign and Russia and pressed future Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh on abortion rights.
“Can you think of any laws that give government the power to make decisions about the male body?” she asked Kavanaugh during the exchange.
Kavanaugh replied, “I’m not thinking of any right now, senator.”
The clip went viral.
Soifer, the former national security adviser, said those examples in the Senate underscore how Harris is uniquely positioned to be the Democratic nominee. Harris would be the most stark contrast with Trump at a time when women’s rights, particularly reproductive healthcare, is at the forefront.
“She’s a force to be reckoned with, and I would love to see her debate Donald Trump,” Soifer said. “She would eviscerate him.”
Several months after the Kavanaugh hearings, Harris announced she’d run for president. She had served in the Senate just two years. She had not yet written a single piece of legislation that became law.
But she also had never lost an election.
Naysayers are quick to point at Harris’ failed 2020 presidential bid, which closed up shop before the first ballots were even cast.
Harris declared in her birthplace of Oakland, near the hospital where she was born; the University of California, Berkeley, where her parents met; and a stone’s throw from where she had worked as a young district attorney.
She was running to protect America’s democratic institutions and healthcare access for all, she said, to check the white supremacists who descended on Charlottesville and to keep children out of cages at the southern border.
“People in power are trying to convince us that the villain in our American story is each other. But that is not our story. That is not who we are. That’s not our America,” she said as she stood in front of Oakland City Hall.
Harris caught the country’s attention when she went after Biden at the first Democratic debate that summer. She criticized the former vice president for comments he’d made about pro-segregationists he served with and shared with him what it was like to be bused to an all-white school.
“You also worked with them to oppose busing,” she said. “And, you know, there was a little girl in California who was part of the second class to integrate her public schools, and she was bused to school every day. And that little girl was me.”
Harris shot up in the rankings: she was in a tight race for second place.
But the momentum did not hold. Less than three months after the breakout moment, Harris’ campaign was sinking. She was down in the polls, and running out of cash. She’d burned through a $35 million war chest and her campaign was rife with infighting .
Harris made one of the most difficult decisions of her political career. With two months to go until the Iowa Caucus, she quit the race.
Smith, the political consultant who engineered Harris’ 2010 win in the face of the red wave, said bowing out of the presidential race in 2020 was the right call and led to her vice presidential nod, contrasted with Elizabeth Warren’s bid that dragged on.
“Sometimes,” Smith said in 2023, “the wisest political decision you can make is actually to realize when you're not being successful and get out.”
The calculus paid off: When Biden secured the nomination, thanks largely to African American voters, he chose her as his running mate.
Harris’ sharp debate skills served her well on Biden’s ticket. As then-Vice President Mike Pence tried to interrupt her, Harris delivered one of the most memorable lines of her political career that turned into an online sensation.
“Mr. Vice President, I’m speaking,” she told Pence.
“She’s a remarkable leader who inspires certainly all of those who have worked with her closely, but also now the American people, especially women and young women who look to her as someone who gives them a sense of empowerment,” Soifer said. “She’s a fighter.”
Harris' election to vice president as the first woman, Black person and Asian American to serve in the role was met with celebration.
That enthusiasm waned over the years as Harris fumbled early assignments, which supporters claim she was unfairly saddled with in the early days of the Biden administration.
The president tasked her with addressing the “root causes” of mass migration to the southern border – an area she had little to no expertise on as a senator or attorney general. Harris’ team had to bring in outside experts from nonprofit organizations that do work in the region to brief her.
On a trip to Guatemala that June, Harris came under heavy scrutiny for telling NBC’s Lester Holt she’d been to the U.S.-Mexico border. Neither she nor Biden had at that point. The White House stressed that was not her assignment – it was to work with Northern Triangle countries. Harris soon caved to political pressure. Within weeks, she visited El Paso, Texas , where she scolded Congress to “stop the rhetoric and the finger pointing” and pass immigration legislation.
The pandemic and the efforts the White House took to protect the president and vice president from getting COVID left Harris isolated and unable to travel frequently her first year in office. The problem was compounded as Biden and his advisers struggled with how to utilize her.
Those episodes were brought up regularly during the GOP convention in Milwaukee last week as Republicans prepared for a scenario in which Harris could be the Democratic candidate.
“When Joe Biden and Kamala Harris refused to even come to Texas and see the border crisis that they created, I took the border crisis to them,” Republican Gov. Greg Abbott said on the convention stage.
Other Republicans, such as Rep. Tom Emmer, R-Minn., accused the VP of enabling “criminals and rioters” during the protests following the murder of George Floyd by a Minneapolis police officer.
Biden had served in the Senate for more than three decades before he became vice president. There was no existing schema for someone like Harris. She was a trained lawyer, who did a short stint as a senator.
“Most of that stuff is not transferable to the job of the vice president,” said Harris’ first communications director as vice president, Ashley Etienne. “So she figured out what are her strengths. And she’s over indexed on them.”
It took the leak of a Supreme Court decision reversing Roe v. Wade for Harris to cut her own path . She’d worked closely with abortion rights advocates in California. She was in her element.
In a fiery speech the next day at an abortion rights gala , Harris reminded activists of her exchange with Kavanaugh.
“Those who attack Roe have been clear. They want to ban abortion in every state. They want to bully anyone who seeks or provides reproductive healthcare. And they want to criminalize and punish women for making these decisions,” she said.
Jason Williams, a professor of justice studies at Montclair State University in New Jersey, said Harris’ stepped-up presence in the wake of the Dobbs decision changed the perception of her role.
“That’s when we’ve seen in a very public way the power that she brings to this team,’’ Williams said. “Obviously when she's talking about anything in the judicial system that’s her own thing. That’s what she went to school for. That’s what she has worked (for) as… a prosecutor for so many years.”
Harris traveled the country, sounding the alarm. Democrats lost the House in the midterm elections but kept the Senate with her assistance.
The election-year victories finally offered Harris an issue area she could own. She reoriented her agenda around cultural issues such as gun rights and book bans. Her team launched a tightly controlled national college tour that was designed to amplify her message. Celebrity moderators appeared on stage with Harris as the VP fielded pre-approved questions.
Biden tapped her for bigger and better opportunities to represent the U.S. at overseas summits.
After Hamas launched a brutal, surprise attack against Israeli civilians on Oct. 7, Harris sat in on Biden’s calls with Israel Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. Biden then sent Harris to Dubai to discuss the governance of Gaza after the war with Middle Eastern leaders.
There she delivered a searing statement about how Israel was conducting itself in the war.
“The United States is unequivocal: International humanitarian law must be respected,” Harris said. “Too many innocent Palestinians have been killed. Frankly, the scale of civilian suffering and the images and videos coming from Gaza are devastating.”
In March, she called for an immediate cease fire – remarks that were among the most pointed at that time from a member of the Biden administration.
The balance Harris would have to achieve as a presidential candidate is differentiating herself on these issues, while also taking credit for some of the administration’s accomplishments, such as student debt forgiveness and job creation.
She will have to sell herself – quickly.
“This would be the challenge: Can she communicate how much of a role she played in those kinds of outcomes?’’ said Ange-Marie Hancock, executive director of the Kirwan Institute at The Ohio State University and curator of the Kamala Harris Project, a consortium of scholars from the country studying the vice president.
Elaine Kamarck, a longtime Democratic National Committee member and expert on the party’s rules, told a group of Democratic activists during a Friday call that Harris has two major advantages: she’s already been vetted and she’s already on the job.
“We’re not going to, likely, have some surprise,” Kamarck said on the call organized by the group Delegates are Democracy . “None of the other candidates, great as they are – and some of them, I like very much, I might even like them more than the vice president – none of them have been vetted on a national stage.”
As a former prosecutor, many believe Harris also would not be intimidated by Trump, which could come with its own backlash.
“As a woman and as a woman of color, how aggressive can she be before people start having the reaction that she’s too aggressive,’’ said Debbie Walsh, director of the Center for American Women and Politics Eagleton Institute of Politics at Rutgers University. “Is that trope of the angry Black woman going to be thrown at her?”
While racist and sexist attacks aren’t new, Walsh is among those who expect them to ratchet up if Harris runs for president, alongside persistent questioning about ability and qualifications.
“It’s not going to be a walk in the park,’’ Walsh said. “We are not post-racism. We are not post-sexism. We’re still there.”
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‘lady in the lake’ review: natalie portman’s apple tv+ mystery has a lot on its mind, for better and worse.
Alma Har'el's adaptation of the Laura Lippman novel features Portman and Moses Ingram in a story of race, class, murder and journalism in 1960s Baltimore.
By Daniel Fienberg
Chief Television Critic
Recent Apple TV+ period dramas have a running “Whose story is this?” problem — an awareness of the dangers of monochromatic approaches to history, without a clear sense of how to fix the issue.
'omnivore' review: noma's rené redzepi hosts an apple tv+ food docuseries that's as thought-provoking as it is hunger-inducing, natalie portman says rihanna calling her a "bad b****" helped get her through divorce, lady in the lake.
Subtext becomes text in Apple TV+’s new seven-part limited series Lady in the Lake , adapted by Alma Har’el ( Honey Boy ) from the novel by Laura Lippman. It’s an entire series about a woman whose initially noble attempt to reclaim her personal narrative becomes something solipsistic when she fails to recognize that she’s steamrolling, or just ignoring, the narratives of people around her.
Har’el, who directed every episode and wrote or co-wrote much of the series, has crafted an ambitious portrait of the unexpected pitfalls of self-actualization, fleshing out some of the more difficult undertones of Lippman’s book in provocative ways. There’s so much complicated stuff happening, or at least being attempted, in Lady in the Lake that I feel petty in mentioning that what Har’el doesn’t succeed at is what feels ostensibly simpler: In concentrating on the conundrum of whose story the series is, Lady in the Lake loses track of what the story is. Most of the forward momentum from the book has been lost in this translation, which I think is quite interesting and worthy of consideration but rarely convincingly entertaining.
Maddie, who leaves with no source of income and no sense of what she wants to do with her new life, soon fixates on the case of a missing Jewish girl. When she and a friend (Mikey Madison’s Judith) find the girl’s body, Maddie parlays this into an opportunity to write for the Baltimore Star , since journalism was apparently an aspiration thwarted by a horrible situation from her past.
And when the body of Cleo Johnson ( Moses Ingram ) is discovered in a fountain, Maddie makes it her mission to crack the case, much to the chagrin of her editors (who don’t care about Black lives), the Black cop she’s seeing on the sly (Y’lan Noel’s Ferdie Platt) and Cleo herself, narrating sarcastically from beyond the grave.
I’m able to break it down that cleanly because it’s the plot of Lippman’s book, which illustrates Maddie’s myopia by alternating chapters between Maddie’s perspective and the perspectives of individuals she interacts with in different circumstances — people whose personal stories she’s unable to imagine or comprehend on her own. Maddie isn’t the villain of Lady in the Lak e, but she’s convinced she’s its hero and she’s not.
Although Cleo narrates a chunk of the book as well, it’s mostly in the context of irritation at having her story appropriated by somebody whose empathy is inherently suspicious. Har’el has reconfigured that structure to give Cleo a more significant role — maybe not 50-50 equality with Portman, but close.
It lets Har’el dig deeper into the similarities and differences between these two women and, in doing so, more fully explore the varying stigmas associated with being Black and Jewish in 1960s Maryland, layers of powerlessness and voicelessness compounded by being a woman.
Maddie can pass; a running joke in the early episodes is that she doesn’t look Jewish. Cleo cannot pass, but she can become invisible — figuratively — which is more of a deadly drawback than a superpower. Who gets to pass? Who gets to assimilate? And what do you leave behind when you do? How long do you hold the trauma of your powerlessness — especially in the case of Maddie and her family, when a genocide is only one generation in your past?
I wasn’t always sure that what Har’el was attempting was effective, but the series is audacious in a way so few shows attempt to be. As the story links racism and antisemitism, images from slavery and references to the Holocaust, Lady in the Lake is an easy series to be impressed by. But somewhere along the way, it’s the story, whoever’s story it happens to actually be, that gets lost.
Unlike the hero in Lessons in Chemistry , a much less nuanced version of a very similar plot, Maddie isn’t supposed to just walk into a newsroom and be a natural simply by virtue of speaking truth. But there’s a difference between treating her dream as the unconvincing thing that it is and treating it like an afterthought in the plot. (See also Maddie’s relationship with Platt, another thing that isn’t necessarily supposed to be convincing, but could at least be committedly unconvincing.)
Portman spent much of her youth playing projections of femininity rather than characters — think Beautiful Girls , The Professional , Garden State , Closer — usually for male writers and directors. Her work has become more interesting as she’s been able to play layered characters who are trapped in similarly artificial conceits — the balletic obsession of Black Swan , the fragile fame of Jackie , the actorly posturing of May December .
Portman and Maddie are ill-at-ease, and that stands out — intentionally, I would say — against the more naturalistic performances from the rest of the ensemble, including the likably flighty Madison, the almost-too-enigmatic Cross, the effortlessly slick Harris and the thoroughly unnerving Dylan Arnold as a pet store employee who becomes a suspect in both murders.
Portman doesn’t reconcile the inconsistencies and prickly sides of the character, but she embraces and embodies them on that intellectual level on which the show plays best. I wish the disparate pieces in Lady in the Lake came together a bit better, that it worked as an essay and a tone poem and a thriller on equal terms. But I still found its aspirations, unevenly fulfilled, to be admirable.
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After months of lavish prewedding festivities that have captured the attention of onlookers worldwide, Anant Ambani, the youngest son of India’s richest man, married Radhika Merchant in Mumbai.
By Sadiba Hasan
Reporting from Mumbai, India
On Friday afternoon, Sneh Zala, 24, waited for celebrities to arrive on the red carpet for the wedding ceremony of Anant Ambani, the youngest son of India’s richest man, and Radhika Merchant, a daughter of a fellow business tycoon.
The red carpet was set up in a room adorned with lanterns and red and orange garlands and floral arrangements. Mr. Zala, a photographer working for Manav Manglani , one of Bollywood’s top paparazzi, had already shot several of the couple’s prewedding functions, which began in March .
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A mind map is a diagram that displays information visually. You can create mind maps using pen and paper, or you can use an online mind mapping tool such as MindMeister. Whatever you use, the rules for creating a mind map are simple: 1) Write the subject in the center of your paper / canvas. 2) Draw branches that point away from the center.
According to the mind map essay example, an essay is a written piece in which you convey a certain topic and then back it up with facts, claims, analyses, and explanations. The five-paragraph essay is the most common style of an essay, though an essay can have as many parts as necessary. A 5 essay is comprised of five paragraphs.
In a mind map, the student can dedicate a specific portion to their SOP, add their academic record in other subtopics, and then work ahead to showcase their achievements. Once the mind map for the admission essay is created, the student can follow the basic steps to writing an essay. 3. Persuasive Essay.
Orient your paper so that it is in landscape position. If you don't have colored pencils or markers, don't worry. You can still make a mind map with just a pen or pencil! 2. Write your topic in the center of the page. This can be just a word or two, or it can be the thesis you have already decided on.
Your mind map should look something like the example below: 5. Add symbols and images to help you remember. While making mind maps for writing essays, it's essential to use any techniques that can help you remember information better. A great way to ensure this is to use symbols and images to signify specific things.
Example 1: Argumentative Essay Mind Map. Let's consider a mind map developed for an argumentative essay about "Climate Change". The central node, in this case, states "Climate Change". From this central idea, branches emerge that represent the main arguments for the essay.
You can use mind mapping to structure an essay with ease. Copy and edit this template. With a mind map, you'll save yourself from wasting valuable time and energy on unnecessary rewrites. Having a clear plan in place before starting your writing makes it much easier to stay organized. That way, you can produce better content faster.
8. Essay mind map. Mind maps can not only help you brainstorm what your essay will focus on, but they're also great for collecting arguments and quotes from the various sources you want to cite. Outline the structure of your essay using mind maps to capture all of your ideas and research in one place.
2. Writing an essay. You can use a brainstorming mind map to come up with ideas for an essay you need to write, and then you can take it a step further and use a mind map to figure out what you should write about in your essay. Just start with your main topic in the center and then branch out with ideas for topics you'll cover in your essay.
Step #3: Create Your Mind Map. The central circle of your mind map should be the title keyword. From the central circle, draw arrows to other circles that represent smaller categories. For instance, you might have a circle for the introduction, a circle for the body, and a circle for the conclusion. Of course, you don't have to use circles.
A mind map is a diagram that displays information visually. You can create mind maps using pen and paper, or you can use an online mind mapping tool such as MindMeister. Write the subject in the center of your paper / canvas. Draw branches that point away from the center. Each branch symbolizes one thought or idea related to the subject.
Mind mapping is an effective means to take notes and brainstorm essay topics. A mind map involves writing down a central theme and thinking of new and related ideas which radiate out from the centre. By focusing on key ideas written down in your own words and looking for connections between them, you can map knowledge in a way that will help ...
2.3 Outline and write the essay. The third step is to create an outline of your essay before you start writing it. It will help you to organize your arguments, counterarguments, examples, and sources in a logical order. A mind map makes it simple to review the outline and find the data one needs for their essay.
Step 1: Choose a Focus Topic. Begin your mind map adventure by selecting a central topic. This is the big idea, the core concept around which your mind map will revolve. It's like choosing the star of the show! Step 2: Start with a Central Node. Imagine this central topic as the heart of your mind map.
The Rules Of Mind Map For Writing Process. The subject you want to discuss should always be at the center of the map. Branches should be going out, each representing one single idea relating to the subject. The last rule to keep in mind is the use of visuals such as images, icons, and color themes. They will serve as mental triggers, sparking ...
Mind Map Essay Outline. 1. Subject - In creating your essay outline in a mind map, you should prepare the subject of your essay. The subject is usually the title of the essay itself. 2. Branches - Your introduction, body, and conclusion should be added as branches of your mind map in writing an essay. In addition, other foundations such as the ...
You can use brainstorming as a way to help you find a research title. Keep track and organize any topic ideas that come into your head. See: Stormboard. Bubble.us. Mind mapping is another excellent way to track of your thoughts, and it is also an ideal way to group your ideas and resources and add structure to your knowledge. See:
A mind map starts with a central idea in the center with related topics and ideas branching out from the center. These central ideas can include: • A project you are working on • An idea/concept from class that you are trying to understand • An essay topic Ideally, a mind map will help you see the bigger picture and how concepts connect ...
Step 1. Define your central topic. Consider the focus of your mind map and put that in the center of your page. For example, if you're planning out your future business, you'd put "My Business" as the central topic. If you were writing a book summary, you might use the book title as the primary topic of your mind map.
Mind maps are commonly used by students for studying or planning an essay. A mind map is highly customizable, meaning you are not restricted to a specific structure when brainstorming ideas. With this in mind, students at any level can use mind maps as part of their study routine. A mind map is: Useful for all subjects; Customizable; A form of ...
3. A Good Essay Plan Makes Revision Easier. Finishing an essay can give you a HUGE sense of accomplishment. But after it's finished, the work you put in shouldn't have to go to waste. By creating an engaging, visually appealing essay plan in the form of a mind map, you can reuse this content for future essays and plans.
Using a mind map to create visual associations between concepts, words and ideas can make remembering this information a lot easier as it improves one's visual thinking capacity. They can be an incredibly useful study tool in a variety of ways; Use it as a study guide, mapping out the topics or papers you need to study for a particular ...
Mind maps might be helpful when brainstorming and visualizing concepts, presenting ideas, outlining reports and documents, and writing essays! Mind maps have been shown to run meetings more effective in running meetings and simplifying tasks and project management. WHAT SHOULD I INCLUDE ON A MIND MAP?
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