doctoral dissertation on aerodynamics

Theses and Dissertations

Development, Implementation, and Optimization of a Modern, Subsonic/Supersonic Panel Method

Cory Goates

PhD Dissertation

Aerodynamic Implications of a Bio‐Inspired Rotating Empennage Design for Control of a Fighter Aircraft

Christian Bolander

Multidisciplinary Reference Solutions for Performance-Optimized Aircraft Wings with Tailored Aerodynamic Load Distributions

Jeffrey Taylor

Control Mapping Methodology for Tailless Morphing-Wing Aircraft  

Zachary Montgomery

Linearized Rigid-Body Static and Dynamic Stability of an Aircraft With a Bio-Inspired Rotating Empennage

Austin Kohler

A Theoretical Trade-Off Between Wave Drag and Sonic Boom Loudness Due to Equivalent Area Changes on a Supersonic Body

Nolan Dixon

Multi-Fidelity Predictions for Control Allocation on the NASA Ikhana Research Aircraft to Minimize Drag

Justice Schoenfeld

Lifting-Line Predictions for Life and Twist Distributions to Minimize Induced Drag in Ground Effect

Kyler Church

A Study of Wings with Constant and Variable Sweep for Aerodynamic Efficiency in Inviscid Flow

Bruno Moorthamers

3D-Printed Morphing Wings for Controlling Yaw on Flying-Wing Aircraft

Ben Moulton

Sensitivity and Estimation of Aerodynamic, Propulsion, and Inertial Parameters for Rudderless Aircraft Using Simulation

Jaden Thurgood 

A General Approach to Lifting-Line Theory, Applied to Wings with Sweep

Jackson Reid 

Sonic Boom Loudness Reduction Through Localized Supersonic Aircraft Equivalent-Area Changes

Troy Abraham 

Optimization of Aileron Spanwise Size and Shape to Minimize Induced Drag in Roll with Correlating Adverse Yaw

Josh Brincklow

Numerical Analysis and Spanwise Shape Optimization for Finite Wings of Arbitrary Aspect Ratio

Joshua Hodson

Impact of Parasitic Drag on a Family of Optimal Lift Distributions

Austin Stewart

Rapid Prediction of Low-Boom and Aerodynamic Performance of Supersonic Transport Aircraft Using Panel Methods

Ted Giblette

Comparison of Induced and Parasitic Drag on Wings with Minimum Induced Drag  

Sarah Abdel-Motaleb

Control and Stability of Upper Stage Launch Vehicle With Hybrid Arc-Ignition Attitude Control System

Steven Bennett

Development of an Improved Low-Order Model for Propeller-Wing Interactions

Josh Goates

Evaluation of Flux Correction on Three-dimensional Strand Grids with an Overset Cartesian Grid  

Aerodynamic Centers of Arbitrary Airfoils

Methods for the Aerostructural Design and Optimization of Wings with Arbitrary Planform and Payload Distribution

A Propeller Model Based on a Modern Numerical Lifting-Line Algorithm with an Iterative Semi-Free Wake Solver  

ODU Digital Commons

Home > Engineering & Technology > MAE > ETDs

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Theses and dissertations published by graduate students in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, Old Dominion University since Fall 2016 are available in this collection. Backfiles of all dissertations (and some theses) have also been added.

In late Fall 2023 or Spring 2024, all theses will be digitized and available here. In the meantime, consult the Library Catalog to find older items in print.

Theses/Dissertations from 2024 2024

Thesis: Effect of Lunar Magnetic Field and Lunar Regolith Simulant on the Growth and Bioactive Compounds Production of Chlorella Vulgaris Microalgae , Jeries Philip Butros Abedrabbo

Dissertation: Application of the Fokker-Planck Equation for Quantifying Initial Condition Uncertainty of Reversible Dynamic Systems , Troy S. Newhart

Thesis: Structural Characterization of a TriTruss Module , Lauren M. Simmons

Theses/Dissertations from 2023 2023

Thesis: Switching Methods for Three-Dimensional Rotational Dynamics Using Modified Rodrigues Parameters , Matthew Jarrett Banks

Dissertation: Studies of Flowfields and Dynamic Stability Characteristics of a Quadrotor , Engin Baris

Thesis: Development, Experimental Validation, and Progressive Failure Modeling of an Ultra-Thin High Stiffness Deployable Composite Boom for in-Space Applications , Jimesh D. Bhagatji

Thesis: Design and Implementation of a Launching Method for Free to Oscillate Dynamic Stability Testing , Kristen M. Carey

Thesis: SeaLion CubeSat Mission Architecture Using Model Based Systems Engineering with a Docs as Code Approach , Kevin Yi-Tzu Chiu

Dissertation: RoboRetrieve --In a Dual Role as a Hand-held Surgical Robot and a Collaborative Robot End-effector to Perform Spillage-free Specimen Retrieval in Laparoscopy , Siqin Dong

Thesis: Fabrication of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Components Using Stereolithography 3D Printing , Hannah Dyer

Thesis: Fusion Bonding Behavior of 3D Printed PA6/CF Composites Via Post Fabrication Compaction , Gonzalo Fernandez Mediavilla

Dissertation: Machine Learning Approach to Activity Categorization in Young Adults Using Biomechanical Metrics , Nathan Q. C. Holland

Thesis: Study of Microphonic Effects on the C100 Cryomodule for High Energy Electron Beam Accelerators , Caleb James Hull

Dissertation: E-Cadherin Force Transmission and Stiffness Sensing , Mazen Mezher

Thesis: Experimental and Computational Aerodynamic Studies of Axially-Oriented Low-Fineness-Ratio Cylinders , Forrest Miller

Thesis: The Effect of Through Thickness Reinforcement Angle on the Disbonding Behavior in Skin-Stringer Configuration , Christopher John Morris

Dissertation: Chemical and Physical Interaction Mechanisms and Multifunctional Properties of Plant Based Graphene in Carbon Fiber Epoxy Composites , Daniel W. Mulqueen

Thesis: Data-Driven Predictive Modeling to Enhance Search Efficiency of Glowworm-Inspired Robotic Swarms in Multiple Emission Source Localization Tasks , Payal Nandi

Dissertation: Fabrication of Smooth SAC305 Thin Films via Magnetron Sputtering and Evaluations of Microstructure, Creep, and Electrical Resistivity , Manish Ojha

Dissertation: Faster, Cheaper, and Better CFD: A Case for Machine Learning to Augment Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes , John Peter Romano II

Thesis: A Comparative Study of Vinti-Based Orbit Propagation and Estimation for CubeSats in Very Low Earth Orbits , Ethan Michael Senecal

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

Thesis: A Comparison of Uniaxial Compressive Response and Inelastic Deformation Mechanisms in Freeze Cast Alumina-Epoxy Composites Without and With Rigid Confinement , Tareq Aljuhari

Thesis: Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis of a Very Low Earth Orbit CubeSat Mission , Robb Christopher Borowicz

Thesis: A Study of Asymmetric Supersonic Wind Tunnel Nozzle Design , Brittany A. Davis

Thesis: Electromagnetic Modeling of a Wind Tunnel Magnetic Suspension and Balance System , Desiree Driver

Dissertation: Advanced Generalized Predictive Control and Its Application to Tiltrotor Aircraft for Stability Augmentation and Vibration Reduction , Thomas Glen Ivanco

Dissertation: Numerical Simulation of Electroosmotic Flow of Viscoelastic Fluid in Microchannel , Jianyu Ji

Thesis: Assembly of Ceramic Particles in Aqueous Suspensions Induced by High-Frequency AC Electric Field , James E. John IV

Dissertation: The Effect of Soft Tissue and Bone Morphology on the Stresses in the Foot and Ankle , Jinhyuk Kim

Thesis: Development of Modeling and Simulation Platform for Path-Planning and Control of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles in Three-Dimensional Spaces , Sai Krishna Abhiram Kondapalli

Thesis: Deep Learning Object-Based Detection of Manufacturing Defects in X-ray Inspection Imaging , Juan C. Parducci

Dissertation: Utilization of Finite Element Analysis Techniques for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Surgical Planning , Michael A. Polanco

Thesis: Mechanics of Preimpregnated Fiber Tow Deposition and Compaction , Virginia Meredith Rauch

Dissertation: Role of Structural Hierarchy in Multiscale Material Systems , Siavash Sattar

Thesis: Implementation of an Extended Kalman Filter Using Inertial Sensor Data for UAVs During GPS Denied Applications , Sky Seliquini

Dissertation: Collaborative Robotics Strategies for Handling Non-Repetitive Micro-Drilling Tasks Characterized by Low Structural Mechanical Impedance , Xiangyu Wang

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

Dissertation: Tunable Compressive Mechanical Behavior of Ice-Templated Materials , Sashanka Akurati

Thesis: Analysis of a Non-Equilibrium Vortex Pair as Aircraft Trailing Vortices , Manuel Ayala

Thesis: Modeling Interactions in Concentrated Ceramic Suspensions Under AC Electric Field , Naga Bharath Gundrati

Dissertation: Improved Strain Gage Instrumentation Strategies for Rotorcraft Blade Measurements , Timothy S. Davis

Thesis: A Model-Based Systems Engineering Approach to e-VTOL Aircraft and Airspace Infrastructure Design for Urban Air Mobility , Heidi Selina Glaudel

Dissertation: Development and Applications of Adjoint-Based Aerodynamic and Aeroacoustic Multidisciplinary Optimization for Rotorcraft , Ramiz Omur Icke

Thesis: A New Method for Estimating the Physical Characteristics of Martian Dust Devils , Shelly Cahoon Mann

Thesis: Post-Processing and Characterization of Additive Manufactured Carbon Fiber Reinforced Semi-Crystalline Polymers , Patricia Revolinsky

Thesis: Gradient-Based Tradeoff Design for Engineering Applications , Lena Alexis Royster

Thesis: The Effect of Through Thickness Reinforcement on Debonding Behavior of Skin/Stringer Configuration , Yogaraja Sridhar

Thesis: Empirical Modeling of Tilt-Rotor Aerodynamic Performance , Michael C. Stratton

Thesis: A Digital One Degree of Freedom Model of an Electromagnetic Position Sensor , Michelle Elizabeth Weinmann

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

Thesis: Parametric Study of Residual Stresses in Wire and Arc Additive Manufactured Parts , Hisham Khaled Jamil Abusalma

Thesis: The Effect of Compaction Temperature and Pressure on Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Short Glass Fiber Composites , Pushpashree Jain Ajith Kumar Jain

Thesis: Numerical Analysis of a Roadway Piezoelectric Harvesting System , Abdul Rahman Badawi

Dissertation: Role of Anisometric Particles in Ice-Templated Porous Ceramic Structure and Mechanical Properties , Mahesh Banda

Thesis: Mechanism of Compaction With Wrinkle Formation During Automatic Stitching of Dry Fabrics and the Size Effect of Compression Molded Discontinuous Fiber-Reinforced Composites , Anibal Benjamin Beltran Laredo

Thesis: Conical Orbital Mechanics: A Rework of Classic Orbit Transfer Mechanics , Cian Anthony Branco

Thesis: Rotorcraft Blade Angle Calibration Methods , Brian David Calvert Jr.

Dissertation: Onboard Autonomous Controllability Assessment for Fixed Wing sUAVs , Brian Edward Duvall

Thesis: A Parametric Analysis of a Turbofan Engine with an Auxiliary Bypass Combustion Chamber – The TurboAux Engine , Kaleab Fetahi

Thesis: Space-Based Countermeasure for Hypersonic Glide Vehicle , Robert Joseph Fowler IV

Thesis: Compaction and Residual Stress Modeling in Composite Manufactured with Automated Fiber Placement , Von Clyde Jamora

Thesis: Trajectory Simulation With Battery Modeling for Electric Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicles , Ege Konuk

Thesis: Detailed Modeling of the Flash Hydrolysis of Algae for Biofuel-Production in COMSOL Multiphysics , Noah Joseph LeGrand

Thesis: Through-Thickness Reinforcement and Repair of Carbon Fiber Based Honeycomb Structures Under Flexure and Tension of Adhesively Bonded Joints , Aleric Alden Sanders

Thesis: Energy Harvesting Using Flextensional Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters in Resonance and Off-Resonance Modes , Mohamed A. Shabara

Thesis: Thermal Contact Resistance Measurement and Related Uncertainties , Amanda Elizabeth Stark

Thesis: Model Based Systems Engineering for a Venture Class Launch Facility , Walter McGee Taraila

Thesis: A Post-Impact Behavior of Platelet-Based Composites Produced by Compression Molding , Christopher Eugene Ervin Volle

Thesis: Nonlinearity Index Aircraft Spin Motion Analysis With Dynamic Inversion Spin Recovery Controller Design , Jeffry Walker

Thesis: A Study of the Aeroacoustics of Swept Propellers for Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles , Arthur David Wiedemann

Thesis: Finite Element Analysis Investigation of Hybrid Thin-Ply Composites for Improved Performance of Aerospace Structures , Alana M. Zahn

Theses/Dissertations from 2019 2019

Thesis: Characterization and Optimization of a Propeller Test Stand , Colin Bruce Leighton Benjamin

Dissertation: Endogenous Force Transmission Between Epithelial Cells and a Role for α-Catenin , Sandeep Dumbali

Dissertation: Effect of the Physical Micro-Environment on Cell Adhesion and Force Exertion , Mohamad Eftekharjoo

Thesis: Reducing the Noise Impact of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles by Flight Control System Augmentation , Matthew B. Galles

Thesis: Design and Manufacture of an Inertial Cascade Impactor for Industrial Hygiene Purposes , Hector Joel Gortaire

Thesis: Off Axis Compressive Response of Ice-Templated Ceramics , Rahul Kumar Jujjavarapu

Thesis: Unsupervised-Learning Assisted Artificial Neural Network for Optimization , Varun Kote

Dissertation: Numerical Simulation of Viscoelastic Flow in Micro/Nanochannels , Lanju Mei

Thesis: Comparison of Support Methods for Static Aerodynamic Testing and Validation of a Magnetic Suspension and Balance System , Cameron K. Neill

Thesis: Extension of a Penalty Method for Numerically Solving Constrained Multibody Dynamic Problems , Troy Newhart

Dissertation: Computational Analysis and Design Optimization of Convective PCR Devices , Jung Il Shu

Thesis: Periodic Orbit Analytic Construction In The Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem , Jay Shriram Suryawanshi

Thesis: A CFD Study of Steady Fully Developed Laminar Flow Through a 90-Degree Bend Pipe with a Square Cross-Sectional Area , Subodh Sushant Toraskar

Dissertation: Estimation of Arterial Wall Parameters Via Model-Based Analysis of Noninvasively Measured Arterial Pulse Signals , Dan Wang

Theses/Dissertations from 2018 2018

Thesis: Offshore Wind Energy: Simulating Local Offshore Wind Turbine , Ian P. Aquino

Dissertation: Epithelial Sheet Response to External Stimuli , Yashar Bashirzadeh

Thesis: Anthropomorphically Inspired Design of a Tendon-Driven Robotic Prosthesis for Hand Impairments , Manali Bapurao Bhadugale

Thesis: Aerothermodynamic Analysis of a Mars Sample Return Earth-Entry Vehicle , Daniel A. Boyd

Thesis: Volterra Series Approximation for Multi-Degree of Freedom, Multi-Input, Multi-Output, Aircraft Dynamics , Alexander J. Chen

Dissertation: Simplified, Alternative Formulation of Numerical Simulation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell , Russell L. Edwards

Thesis: Distributed Sensing and System Identification of Cantilever Beams and Plates in the Presence of Weak Nonlinearities , Patrick Sean Heaney

Thesis: Dynamic Response Modeling of High Speed Planing Craft with Enforced Acceleration , Brian K. Johnson

Dissertation: Identification and Optimal Linear Tracking Control of ODU Autonomous Surface Vehicle , Nadeem Khan

Dissertation: Design and Implementation of an Artificial Neural Network Controller for Quadrotor Flight in Confined Environment , Ahmed Mekky

Thesis: Gust Alleviation System for General Aviation Aircraft , Lucas Coleman Mills

Thesis: Human-Robot Collaborative Force-Controlled Micro-Drilling for Advanced Manufacturing and Medical Applications , Parimal Mahesh Prajapati

Thesis: Single-Stage, Venturi-Driven Desalination System , Brandon Proetto

Thesis: A Cost Effective Design for a Propeller Thrust/Torque Balance , Nicholas Barrett Sadowski

Dissertation: Understanding the Mechanical Behavior of Costal Cartilage at Their Curved Exterior Surface Via a Tactile Sensor with a Built-In Probe for Distributed-Deflection Detection , Jiayue Shen

Thesis: A Scientific Approach to Understanding the Head Trauma Endured by a Mixed Martial Arts Fighter , John William Michael Sorbello

Thesis: Robocatch: Design and Making of a Hand-Held Spillage-Free Specimen Retrieval Robot for Laparoscopic Surgery , Farid Tavakkolmoghaddam

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Home > Daytona Beach > College of Engineering > PhD Dissertations in Aerospace Engineering

PhD Dissertations in Aerospace Engineering

Dissertations - open access dissertations - open access.

A Computational Analysis of the Aerodynamics and Aeroacoustics of Jets with Fluid Injection , Marco Coderoni

Adaptive Augmentation of Non-Minimum Phase Flexible Aerospace Systems , Michael A. DuPuis

Adaptive Control for a Class of Nonlinear, Time Varying Rotational Systems , John Zelina

Adaptive Control of an Aeroelastic System for Active Flutter Suppression and Disturbance Rejection , Patrick Sterling Downs

Adaptive-Optimal Control of Spacecraft near Asteroids , Madhur Tiwari

A Data Driven Modeling Approach for Store Distributed Load and Trajectory Prediction , Nicholas Peters

Additively Manufactured Dielectric Elastomer Actuators: Development and Performance Enhancement , Stanislav Sikulskyi

Aeroacoustics of Supersonic Jet Interacting with Solid Surfaces and its Suppression , Seyyed Saman Salehian

An Online Adaptive Machine Learning Framework for Autonomous Fault Detection , Nolan Coulter

A Numerical and Experimental Evaluation of the Turbulent Heat Flux in a Heated Jet in Crossflow , Michael R. Borghi Jr.

Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Inertial Geomagnetic Passive Navigation , Andrei Cuenca

Autonomous Space Surveillance for Arbitrary Domains , David Zuehlke

A Volume-Force Synthetic Disturbance Approach for High-Fidelity of Unsteady Fluid Structure Interactions , Marina Kazarina

Computational Model for Pedestrian Movement and Infectious Diseases Spread During Air Travel: A Molecular Dynamics-Like Numerical Approach , Pierrot Derjany

Contributions to the Understanding of Ship Airwakes Using Advanced Flow Diagnostic Techniques , Dhuree Seth

Damage Control Measures in Composites: Focus on Damage Tolerance of Aerospace Structures , Kais Jribi

Data-Driven Architecture to Increase Resilience In Multi-Agent Coordinated Missions , D. F.

Design, Analysis and Experimental Evaluation of 3D Printed Variable Stiffness Structures , Rossana R. Fernandes

Development of Fault Tolerant Adaptive Control Laws for Aerospace Systems , Andres E. Perez Rocha

Direct Adaptive Control for a Trajectory Tracking UAV , Nirmit Prabhakar

Distributed adaptive control methods for uncertain multiagent systems with coupled dynamics , Islam Aly

Durability and Damage Analysis of Hybrid Multiscale Composites , Suma Ayyagari

Investigation of Bio-Inspired Pin Geometries for Heat Transfer Applications , Anish Prasad

Investigation on the Interaction of an Impinging Jet with Cylinder Wakes , Karthik Krishna

Kinematics of Inter-Ply Interfaces In Composite Manufacturing , Sandeep Chava

Multimode Nonlinear Vibration Analysis of Stiffened Functionally Graded Double Curved Shells in a Thermal Environment , Boutros Azizi

Numerical Treatment of Schrödinger’s Equation for One-Particle and Two-Particle Systems Using Matrix Method , Spatika Dasharati Iyengar

On the Local Heat Transfer Behavior or Supercritical Carbon Dioxide , Neil Sullivan

Optimal Sizing and Control of Hybrid Rocket Vehicles , SRIJA RYAKAM

Piezoresistive Hybrid Nanocomposites for Strain and Damage Sensing: Experimental and Numerical Analysis , Audrey Jean-Miche Gbaguidi

Prediction & Active Control of Multi-Rotor Noise , Samuel O. Afari

Rigid Body Constrained Motion Optimization and Control on Lie Groups and Their Tangent Bundles , Brennan S. McCann

Safety Assurance of Non-Deterministic Flight Controllers in Aircraft Applications , Alfonso Noriega

Scale Interactions within a Perturbed Plane Wall Jet , Shibani Bhatt

Spacecraft Trajectory Planning for Optimal Observability using Angles-Only Navigation , Francisco José Franquiz

State Omniscience for Cooperative Local Catalog Maintenance of Close Proximity Satellite Systems , Chris Hays

Stochastic Model Predictive Control via Fixed Structure Policies , Elias Wilson

Stochastic Point Process Modeling for Engineering Applications , Samarth Motagi

Topology Optimization Using Load Path and Homogenization , Kaveh Gharibi

Trajectory Generation for a Multibody Robotic System: Modern Methods Based on Product of Exponentials , Aryslan Malik

Trustable Adaptive Controllers for Multi-Agent Systems with Actuator Dynamics , Atahan Kurttisi

Unsteady Internal Ballistics of a Hybrid Rocket , Naveen Sri Uddanti

Variable Fidelity Studies in Wake Vortex Evolution, Safety, and Control , Petr Kazarin

Dissertations - ERAU Login Required Dissertations - ERAU Login Required

A Set of Machine Learning Tools for Hazard Relative Navigation, Mapping, and Planetary Landing , Daniel Posada

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The aerodynamics of an inverted wing and a rotating wheel in ground effect

Heyder-Bruckner, Jacques (2011) The aerodynamics of an inverted wing and a rotating wheel in ground effect. University of Southampton , Engineering Sciences , Doctoral Thesis , 205 pp.

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Modelling the aerodynamics of vertical-axis wind turbines

Scheurich, Frank (2011) Modelling the aerodynamics of vertical-axis wind turbines. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow.

The current generation of wind turbines that are being deployed around the world features, almost exclusively, a three-bladed rotor with a horizontal-axis configuration. In recent years, however, a resurgence of interest in the vertical-axis wind turbine configuration has been prompted by some of its inherent advantages over horizontal-axis rotors, particularly in flow conditions that are typical of the urban environment.

The accurate modelling of the aerodynamics of vertical-axis wind turbines poses a significant challenge. The cyclic motion of the turbine induces large variations in the angle of attack on the blades during each rotor revolution that result in significant unsteadiness in their aerodynamic loading. In addition, aerodynamic interactions occur between the blades of the turbine and the wake that is generated by the rotor. Interactions between the blades of the turbine and, in particular, tip vortices that were trailed in previous revolutions produce impulsive variations in the blade aerodynamic loading, but these interactions are notoriously difficult to simulate accurately.

This dissertation describes the application of a simulation tool, the Vorticity Transport Model (VTM), to the prediction of the aerodynamic performance of three different vertical-axis wind turbines - one with straight blades, another with curved blades and a third with a helically twisted blade configuration - when their rotors are operated in three different conditions. These operating conditions were chosen to be representative of the flow conditions that a vertical-axis wind turbine is likely to encounter in the urban environment. Results of simulations are shown for each of the three different turbine configurations when the rotor is operated in oblique flow, in other words when the wind vector is non-perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and also when subjected to unsteady wind. The performance of the straight-bladed turbine when it is influenced by the wake of another rotor is also discussed. The capability of the VTM to simulate the flow surrounding vertical-axis wind turbines has been enhanced by a dynamic stall model that was implemented in the course of this research in order to account for the effects of large, transient variations of the angle of attack on the aerodynamic loading on the turbine blades.

It is demonstrated that helical blade twist reduces the oscillation of the power coefficient that is an inherent feature of turbines with non-twisted blades. It is also found that the variation in the blade aerodynamic loading that is caused by the continuous variation of the angle of attack on the blades during each revolution is much larger, and thus far more significant, than that which is induced by an unsteady wind or by an interaction with the wake that is produced by another rotor. Furthermore, it is shown that a vertical-axis turbine that is operated in oblique flow can, potentially, produce a higher power coefficient compared to the operation in conditions in which the wind vector is perpendicular to the axis of rotation, when the ratio between the height of the turbine and the radius of the rotor is sufficiently low.

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Study of aerodynamic interactions in counter-rotating coaxial rotors

Type of degree.

Aerospace Engineering

Restriction Status

Restriction type, date available.

Counter-rotating coaxial rotors (CCR) are ubiquitous in emerging next-generation configurations, demonstrating enhanced performance metrics such as increased forward-flight speed, flight range, and payload capabilities compared to single-rotor configurations. At the same time, multiple rotors in the CCR also result in high aerodynamic interactions that govern their performance. Therefore, it is necessary to better understand the nature and influence of these aerodynamic interactions. This dissertation seeks to address this knowledge gap by undertaking experimental investigations into the impact of select aerodynamic interactions on the performance of counter-rotating coaxial rotors. The primary focus is on studying the effects of rotor-ground and blade-on-blade interactional effects, specifically in hovering flight in close proximity to the ground. The rotor-ground interactions significantly alter the hover performance of a rotor operating in ground effect (IGE). In the case of the CCR, the individual rotors interact with each other and the ground plane, leading to a complex aerodynamic environment. Through a rigorous experimental investigation, this dissertation shows that the CCR behaves as a single rotor when operating in IGE despite these interactional effects. However, the individual rotors in CCR show very different performance behavior compared to a single rotor, contingent upon rotor spacing and proximity to the ground plane. Similarly, the blade-on-blade interaction in CCR occurs during the crossover between the upper and lower rotor blades. These periodic events introduce transient excursions in airloads, resulting in vibratory loads and potential alterations to the vehicle’s acoustic signature. This dissertation studies the fundamental physics of these interactional effects, employing a canonical representation of the problem, i.e., a crossover between two translating airfoils. The investigation identifies key non-dimensional parameters influencing the problem and observes a significant analogy between blade crossover and gust interaction problems. In particular, applying the Kussner model, commonly used to predict the response of airfoil lift to gusts, demonstrates promising predictive capabilities, especially in the initial stages of blade crossover.

https://etd.auburn.edu//handle/10415/9084

BEMT and CFD-based unsteady aerodynamic analyses of floating offshore wind turbine

Downloadable content.

• Strathclyde Thesis Copyright
• University of Strathclyde
• Doctoral (Postgraduate)
• Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
• Department of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Marine Engineering.
• Nowadays the demands for floating offshore wind (FOWT) have exceeded 5MW with the rapidly growing wind market. The aerodynamic environment of FOWT is more complex than onshore or fixed offshore wind turbine due to the large motions of floating platforms. The platform motion, especially pitch and surge motions, increase aerodynamic unsteadiness, wake interactions and other complex flow phenomena. These conditions influence the velocities and accelerations at the rotor sections along the blade. However, a limited simulation and load estimation capability make aerodynamic analysis a challenge. It is questionable whether some industry aerodynamic analysis codes like conventional Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory and Generalised Dynamic Wake theory are accurate. Results indicate that current methods for predicting the aerodynamic loads may be inadequate.Aerodynamic flow effects cannot be accurately modelled using traditional BEM theory with common corrections in such a complex condition. So compared with traditional potential theory, CFD method provides more physically realistic simulation. The applying and validation of CFD method will be outlined in this dissertation. The commercial multi-purpose CFD solver STAR CCM+ 9.02 is employed for calculation of the flow using Reynolds-Average Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations in conjunction with different turbulent models. Finally, results from CFD simulations of various offshore floating wind turbines under different load conditions will be presented. CFD simulation is accurate, but time consuming. So, an optimization method will be detected to get a more accurate result and saving time. 2D CFD RANS data was instead of commonly 2D data. However, not result in the desired improvements when compared to BEM results. Therefore, a 2D airfoil data obtained by post-processing of 3D CFD computations was used. 3D results were used to estimate 2D airfoil characteristics to modify two important parameters in BEM codes: the axial and the tangential induction factors by applying the reduced axial velocity method by getting the local angle of attack from CFD solutions. This thesis will demonstrate that the aerodynamics of offshore floating wind turbines is sufficiently different from conventional offshore and onshore wind turbines, warranting the use of higher fidelity analysis approaches. It is obvious that thexxiiiplatform motions will have a great effect on unsteady aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine rotor. This thesis will study and explain the rules and reasons of this phenomenon in detail.Future offshore floating wind turbine designs should strive to either minimize platform motions or be complementarily optimized, via higher fidelity aerodynamic analysis techniques, to account for them. It is believed that this dissertation is the first in-depth study of offshore floating wind turbine aerodynamics and the applicability of various analysis methods.
• Doctoral thesis
• 10.48730/3x9q-hz61
• 9912541891102996

Doctor of Philosophy

Our PhD program requires a commitment of typically five years and consists of coursework, a preliminary coursework examination, a preliminary research examination, and original research guided by one or more faculty advisors that culminates with an oral defense and published dissertation.

Fully Funded

The program is fully-funded, which means that subject to satisfactory progress, the student receives full coverage of tuition and mandatory student fees, as well as a yearlong monthly stipend. These funds come from a combination of faculty research funds, departmental fellowships, and instructional funds if the student assists in teaching during certain terms. Students are encouraged to apply for outside funding, particularly merit-based fellowships, as having external support will typically provide the student with more flexibility in projects.

PhD Advisor

Regardless of the ultimate source of funding, the student is advised by a faculty member who supervises and guides the research. These faculty advisors participate in the admissions process by selecting students that are appropriate for available projects. Therefore, every student admitted into the PhD program has already been selected for a project by one or more faculty members at the time they are admitted.

Prospective Students

Prospective PhD students seeking admission are encouraged to review the  research of the faculty  and initiate contact with them directly, via email, to assess the availability of potential research projects.

The following information pertains to students admitted into the PhD program.

Required Background

A master’s degree is not required to be admitted to the PhD program. However, our graduate program is very selective, with approximately 10% of the PhD applicants to our program finally admitted.

Learn about the  academic background of students admitted to consider whether our program is a good fit.

Degree Requirements

The PhD degree requires a sound background in fundamental aerospace engineering courses which is assessed by the preliminary examinations. These examinations are typically completed after the second or third semester in the program. The PhD dissertation requires a student to demonstrate their ability to pursue and solve an original research problem, which implies the ability to carry out independent research.

• Preliminary Examination coursework:  To qualify for the preliminary examination, a student must achieve a GPA of at least 3.5/4.0 in five core doctoral courses selected by the student and approved by the student’s research advisor. The five courses consist of three courses from  Category 1 doctoral courses  and two courses from either  Category 1 or Category 2 doctoral courses .

related links

Aerospace Engineering Courses Approved by Rackham

Aerospace Engineering Doctoral Graduate Student Handbook

• Additional coursework:  Courses selected to prepare for the preliminary examination do not alone constitute sufficient preparation for doctoral research. Each doctoral student is urged to select additional courses, beyond what is required for the preliminary examination that provides suitable background for the doctoral research specialization that the student intends to pursue. The selection of suitable courses should be made in consultation with the doctoral advisor.

Cognate Requirement

Rackham recognizes the value of intellectual breadth in graduate education and the importance of formal graduate study in areas beyond the student’s field of specialization. Cognate courses are those that are in a discipline or area different from a student’s field of study but are related or connected with some aspect of this field. All cognate coursework must be approved by the graduate program.

The cognate requirement may be satisfied in two ways:

• By completing three credit hours of cognate coursework in approved  graduate-level courses  with a grade of B or better. Cognate courses may be AEROSP courses as long as they are cross-listed as a course in another program.
• By completing  graduate coursework at another institution  that meets the expectation of the cognate requirement. These courses do not apply toward the minimum credit hours required for the degree, do not appear on the U-M transcript and must be completed no more than five years before admission to the current Rackham graduate program. The student must provide Rackham Academic Records and Dissertations (OARD) with an official transcript from this other institution, and the graduate program should notify OARD that the coursework fulfills the cognate requirement.

Responsible Conduct of Research and Scholarship Requirement

The College of Engineering’s  Responsible Conduct of Research and Scholarship program   is designed to engage students to be able to recognize, address, and resolve ethical issues in classroom, professional and research settings. The program consists of four mandatory two-hour workshops. Workshops are offered once in the fall and once in the winter. The student must complete all four workshops before advancing to candidacy.

Preliminary Examinations

The preliminary examinations (prelims) consist of two tests, both oral, and both administered by faculty committees: the oral coursework examination, typically taken at the end of the second or third semester; and the oral research examination, typically taken in the second or third year.

A full description of both exams is given in the  Doctoral Graduate Student Handbook.

Oral Coursework Examination

This is an oral examination that covers material taught in the five courses (noted above in “preliminary examination coursework”). It is administered by a three-member committee over 90 minutes.

The preliminary examination is scheduled twice each academic year, once in early December and once in early May. To sign up please complete the  Coursework Examination Sign-up form (PDF) and share it with the department’s graduate office.

Oral Research Examination

This is an oral examination that consists of a research presentation followed by questions from a committee, which is typically the student’s thesis committee. It is administered over one hour, at a time mutually agreeable to the student and committee. 

Scheduling the exam is the responsibility of the student and can be done at any time in the year. The student must also provide a research document to the committee at least one week in advance of the exam, in the form of a conference paper approximately 10 pages in length.

Pass, fail or retake decisions for the coursework examination are made in a faculty meeting at the conclusion of the examination period. 

Each coursework examination committee (CEC) presents a summary of the test performance and states the decision. All department faculty are invited to discuss and vote on the outcome. Students will receive written feedback about their coursework examination performance on a standardized form completed by their CEC. Students who do not pass the coursework examination may be permitted to take the exam one additional time.

For the research exam, the research examination committee makes a pass, fail or retake decision and communicates the outcome to the student with feedback on performance. If deficiencies are found, students will be encouraged to retake the exam when appropriate. There is no limit to the number of retakes of the research exam, but failing the research exam is grounds for dismissal from the PhD program.

Advancing to Candidacy

A student becomes a PhD candidate once they:

• pass the oral coursework examination;
• complete the Rackham cognate requirement;
• attend all four Responsible Conduct of Research and Scholarship (RCRS) workshops;
• and accumulate at least 18 credit hours of coursework at the University of Michigan.

Students should contact the graduate office once they have completed the candidacy requirements to ensure forms for advancing to candidacy are completed properly.

Dissertation

Dissertation committee.

Doctoral research is carried out under the supervision of a faculty advisor and a dissertation committee; the dissertation committee should normally be formed within one year after the student has achieved doctoral candidacy status. The student should expect to meet with their dissertation committee immediately after it is formed and at least on an annual basis up to the PhD defense.

Dissertation Defense

Each student must initiate research activity with their advisor in the first year of graduate study at U-M. In order to complete the PhD degree, the student must carry out original and publishable research, present the results in a written dissertation, defend the dissertation at a final oral defense, and complete the final post-defense (see  Rackham’s Dissertation Handbook   for additional details) tasks.

The oral defense presentation represents the culmination of the student’s research and is given to the committee and other faculty and students. The student must be able to clearly and concisely present their research and must be able to answer questions from the committee and others in attendance.

Guidelines for Dissertation Committee Formation

Rackham Committee Selection Form

Travel Grant

Rackham’s Dissertation Resources

Research Publicity Request Form

AERO PhD Defense Announcement Template

PhD candidates should download the AERO defense flyer template  and update it with their own photo, dissertation abstract and event details to spread the word to their research group and other colleagues who would like to attend.

Please save the flyer as a PDF and send it to [email protected] at least two weeks before your event to have it shared it with the department through standard department channels.

HELPUL RESOURCE

Familiarize yourself with the department PhD handbook to understand the policies and procedures that will impact your doctoral education.

Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation

On the aerodynamics of a finite-span wing in an unsteady freestream public deposited, downloadable content.

Technological advancements have made it possible to use small aircraft systems to perform a variety of unique tasks, from search and rescue missions to surveillance and reconnaissance. The small footprint and autonomous control of these vehicles allow them to fly in tight spaces, in remote locations, and close to the ground floor. However, it is because of their small footprint and low operational altitude that their stability and efficiency can be compromised by relatively large gusts within the atmosphere.

Gusts can be classified based on their direction and wavelength. A longitudinal gust introduces changes to the freestream velocity, while a transverse gust introduces changes to the freestream direction. This work will focus on the aerodynamic response of a finite wing to a longitudinal, or streamwise, gust. Of particular interest is the aerodynamic response to a time-varying freestream with either global or local changes in the velocity.

Gusts with infinite wavelengths impose spatially uniform changes in the freestream velocity, also referred to as a purely time-varying freestreams or global gusts. Global gusts can be simulated in an unsteady wind tunnel with a closed test section configuration. Global gusts impose an additional unsteady pressure gradient that is in-phase with the freestream acceleration and often neglected in the literature. For global gusts, freestream acceleration imposes a favorable pressure gradient while freestream deceleration imposes an adverse pressure gradient. For low reduced frequencies on the order of 0.01, the unsteady freestream is the dominant forcing term within the unsteady wind tunnel. For high reduced frequencies on the order of 0.1, the unsteady pressure gradient becomes dominant while the freestream amplitude is attenuated.

Gusts with finite wavelengths impose local changes in the freestream, also referred to as temporally and spatially varying freestreams or convective gusts. Convective gusts behave similar to traveling waves and impose spatial velocity gradients in the streamwise direction. Convective gusts can be simulated in an unsteady wind tunnel with an open test section configuration. A convective gust consists of spatial velocity gradients in addition to unsteady pressure gradients. For convective gusts, freestream acceleration imposes an adverse pressure gradient while freestream deceleration imposes a favorable pressure gradient. Note the difference in the orientation of the imposed unsteady pressure gradient compared to that generated in the global gust. This fundamental change in the baseline behavior has a large impact on aerodynamic performance of wings exposed to these gusts.

Most aerodynamic studies on the impact of an unsteady freestream have only considered the impact of global gusts and neglected the impact of spatial velocity gradients typically encountered by vehicles operating within the atmospheric boundary layer. This study specifically compares the aerodynamic response of a finite-span wing section immersed in a global gust to the same wing configuration in a convective gust; particularly since the latter are more likely to be encountered in free-flight conditions.

The aerodynamic response of the wing to global gusts depends strongly on reduced frequency and angle of attack. Three regimes become apparent: low angles of attack pre-stall, moderate angles of attack pre-stall, and high angles of attack post-stall. Low, pre-stall as well as high, post-stall angles of attack, both with separation-dominated flow, respond primarily to the dominant forcing term within the unsteady wind tunnel. The shift in the dominant forcing term of the unsteady wind tunnel by the reduced frequency is reflected in the wing’s aerodynamic response. Within the aerodynamic response for the separation-dominated cases, acceleration enhances the phaseaveraged sectional lift coefficient while deceleration decreases it, resulting in oscillations on the order of ±0.1. For moderate angles of attack with primarily attached flow, the phase-averaged, sectional lift coefficient is relatively constant for all of the reduced frequencies tested. These results are in disagreement with fundamental theories, indicating the need to accommodate additional considerations and parameters in both vehicle design and operation.

At high angles of attack post-stall, the vortical structures shed from the wing in response to global gusts alter the fluctuating coefficients of the sectional lift and pitching moment. During freestream deceleration, vortical structures subsequently shed from the leading edge convect with slow speeds, a result of interactions with the wing surface as well as with the adverse pressure gradient. These slow moving shed vortical structures coalesce into a large leading edge vortex. The enhanced suction pressure beneath each leading edge vortex increases the sectional lift and sectional pitch-down moment as it advects over the wing trailing edge. Once the vortex is shed from the wing surface, the sectional lift and sectional pitching moment recover to their baseline values. Comparatively, during freestream acceleration, vortical structures are primarily shed from the trailing edge and impact the suction pressure to a significantly lesser degree. Therefore, the orientation, size, and location of the shed vortical structures determine the magnitude of the fluctuating loads. Large fluctuating loads, encountered during deceleration, could lead to structural damage if not properly mitigated.

Similar to the aerodynamic response in global gusts, the aerodynamic response to convective gusts is largely dependent on angle of attack and reduced frequency. The sectional lift again oscillates with the unsteady pressure gradient. However, for the convective gust, the lift is enhanced during deceleration when the favorable pressure gradient is imposed. This is oppositely oriented to the lift behavior seen for the global gusts, when lift was enhanced during acceleration. While the choice in reference velocity becomes nontrivial for the analysis done in the convective gusts, and could alter the shape and size of the lift hysteresis, the sectional lift exhibits a consistent counterclockwise orientation regardless of reference velocity. This highlights the importance of considering the spatial velocity gradient in addition to the unsteady pressure gradients when assessing the aerodynamic behavior of wings in unsteady freestreams.

For swept wings in convective gusts, the elongated span in the streamwise direction results in large oscillations in the total pitching moment coefficient. The total lift coefficient is remarkably similar for both the unswept and swept wings. However, for the swept wing, the elongated moment arm amplifies the influence that changes in suction pressure at the tip have on the total pitching moment due to the large spatial velocity gradients encountered across the wing span. These large fluctuations in the total pitching moment can significantly challenge the aerodynamic stability of fixed wing aircraft, particularly for smaller vehicles operating close to the ground in highly unsteady environments.

• Gloutak, Dasha
• Aerospace Engineering Sciences
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• Doostan, Alireza
• University of Colorado Boulder
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• Aerospace engineering
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• Fluid mechanics
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How to structure your PhD thesis

Organising your PhD thesis in a logical order is one of the crucial stages of your writing process. Here is a list of the individual components to include

Shama Prasada Kabekkodu

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Using non verbal cues to build rapport with students, emotionally challenging research and researcher well-being, augmenting the doctoral thesis in preparation for a viva, how hard can it be testing ai detection tools.

The task of writing a PhD thesis is top of mind for many aspiring scholars. After all, completing one is no small task. And while these pieces of writing often share a standard format, this can differ slightly based on the requirements of your institution or subject. So what elements make up a PhD thesis?

A doctoral thesis usually contains:

• A title page
• Declarations from the candidate and supervisor
• A certificate from the candidate and supervisor
• A plagiarism report
• Acknowledgements 
• A table of contents
• Abbreviations 
• An abstract

Chapters typically cover:

• A general introduction 
• Literature review
• Analysis of the gap in research with aims and objectives
• Materials and methods
• Summary and conclusion
• References or bibliography. 

You should also include a list of papers you have published and any relevant achievements at the end. 

An explanation of each of the components of a PhD dissertation 

Title page: a PhD thesis starts with a title page that contains the complete title of the research work, the submitting university, names of the candidate and supervisor, affiliation and month and year of submission.

Abstract: this serves as a concise synopsis of the dissertation, covering the research context, purpose of the study or research questions, methodology, findings and conclusions. This section is usually one to two pages in length. 

Table of contents: this page lists the thesis content and respective page numbers.

General introduction and literature review: this component is usually 20 to 40 pages long. It presents the readers with the primary material and discusses relevant published data. It provides an overview of pertinent literature related to the thesis such as texts that critically assess the existing literature to identify the gap in research and explain the need behind the study. 

Aims and objectives: this section of the thesis is typically one to two pages long and describes the aims and objectives of the study. Structure them as three to four bullet points describing specific points that you will investigate. Approach this by thinking about what readers should understand by the end of the thesis. Ensure you:

• Give a clear explanation of the purpose and goals of your study 
• Outline each aim concisely
• Explain how you will measure your objectives
• Ensure there is a clear connection between each aim
• Use verbs such as investigate, evaluate, explore, analyse and demonstrate.

Materials and methods: this section briefly explains how you have conducted the study and should include all the materials you used and procedures you implemented. For example, if your research involves working with chemicals, list the chemicals and instruments used, along with their catalogue numbers and manufacturers’ names. This section should also explicitly explain the methodology you used, step-by-step. Use the past tense while writing this section and do not describe any results or findings of the study yet.

Results: this section is sometimes called the “findings report” or “the experimental findings” (referring to data collection and analysis). Write the results concisely and in the past tense. Include text, figure and table infographics created with tools such as Microsoft PowerPoint, Adobe Illustrator and BioRender to visualise your data . 

Discussion: this is a chance to discuss the results and compare the findings of your study with the initial hypothesis and existing knowledge. Focus on discussing interpretations, implications, limitations and recommendations here.

• Resources on academic writing for higher education staff 
• Tips for writing a PhD dissertation: FAQs answered
• How to tackle the PhD dissertation

Summary and conclusion: this section should be shorter than the discussion and summarise your key findings. The summary and conclusion should be brief and engaging, allowing the reader to easily understand the major findings of the research work. Provide clear answers to the research questions, generate new knowledge and clarify the need for the study. 

Future perspective: this section of the thesis (which is often combined with a summary or conclusion) talks about the study's limitations, if any, and indicates the directions for future studies based on your findings. 

References or bibliography: the last section should include the list of articles, websites and other resources cited in the thesis.

Always remember that, depending on the department, university or field of study, you might have to follow specific guidelines on how to organise your PhD thesis. Ensure you consult your supervisor or academic department if you have any doubts.

Shama Prasada Kabekkodu is a professor and head of cell and molecular biology at Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India.

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Recent Georgia Tech Grad Earns ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award

June 17, 2024.

Nivedita Arora of Northwestern University is the recipient of the ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award for her dissertation “ Sustainable Interactive Wireless Stickers: From Materials to Devices to Applications ,” which demonstrated wireless and batteryless sensor nodes using novel materials and radio backscatter. Arora’s research envisions creating sustainable computational materials that operate by harvesting energy from the environment and, at the end of their life cycle, can be responsibly composted or recycled. Her research process involves working at the intersection of materials, methods of fabrication, low-power systems, and HCI . She actively looks to apply her work to application domains such as smart homes, health, climate change, and wildlife monitoring.

Honorable Mentions for the ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award go to Gabriele Farina of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for his dissertation “ Game-Theoretic Decision Making in Imperfect-Information Games ," and William Kuszmaul  of Harvard University for his dissertation “ Randomized Data Structures: New Perspectives and Hidden Surprises ."

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JPEE PhD candidate Crystal Zanders receives an AAUW American Dissertation Fellowship

The American Fellowship is the oldest non-institutional source of graduate funding for women in the United States. 

JPEE PhD candidate Crystal Zanders has been selected as a recipient of an American Association of University Women (AAUW) American Dissertation Fellowship . This prestigious award is highly competitive and selective.

The American Fellowship program began in 1888, a time when women were discouraged from pursuing an education. It is AAUW’s largest fellowship program and the oldest non-institutional source of graduate funding for women in the United States.

AAUW American Fellowships support women scholars who are pursuing full-time study to complete dissertations, conducting postdoctoral research full time, or preparing research for publication for eight consecutive weeks. Candidates are evaluated based on scholarly excellence; quality and originality of project design; and active commitment to helping women and girls through service in their communities, professions, or fields of research.

Zanders’ research focuses on disability, rhetoric, African American English, trauma informed-pedagogy, digital studies, literacy, and educational inequity in the writing classrooms. Her dissertation-in-progress is titled, “Unseen: Black Autistic Women's Masking Practices, Pressures, and Possibilities.”

Biostatistics Graduate Program

Jamie gudeon joseph dissertation defense – june 20.

Posted by duthip1 on Thursday, June 13, 2024 in News .

PhD candidate Jamie Gudeon Joseph will defend her dissertation on Thursday, June 20, at 11 a.m. Central Time. Her advisor is Andrew Spieker . All are invited and encouraged to attend.

The defense will be held in the department’s large conference room on the 11th floor (suite 1100, room 11105) at 2525 West End Avenue. It will also be streamed virtually on Zoom; for virtual access, contact the department at biostatistics[at]vumc[dot]org.

Causal Approaches to Quantifying the Role of Engagement in Studies of Mobile Health Interventions

Recent technological advancement has resulted in the proliferation of interactive text message-based interventions to support medication adherence in patients managing chronic illnesses. Several recent clinical trials have identified these interventions as a strategy to improve outcomes, particularly when used in combination with other interventions. In such settings, patient engagement with these text messages may drive the a portion of the intervention’s effects on key outcomes. Such trials typically include a control arm with no opportunity to engage with text messages. Nevertheless, the relationship between engagement and outcomes may be subject to unmeasured confounding. Quantifying treatment effects using engagement as a post-randomization variable is therefore challenging. In this dissertation, we develop approaches to handle these challenges and provide researchers with principled tools to understand the role of engagement with mobile health interventions. Our first focus involves methods to estimate and bound functional local average treatment effects (i.e., an effect of treatment at theoretical levels of engagement under the intervention), when the exclusion restriction cannot reasonably be assumed. We investigate these methods cross-sectionally and longitudinally in regression-based framework, and derive closed-form sandwich variance estimators for key contrasts of interest. We further show that this method accommodates multiple pathways from treatment to outcome, and consider how operationalizing engagement over time can affect these approaches. Our next focus involves direct investigation of engagement as a mediator, suitable for the setting in which we believe key common causes of engagement and the outcome have been measured. The first fundamental goal of of this aim is to delineate (and interpret) the mediation effects that are applicable to studies of mobile health interventions under strong access monotonicity, and the second is to formalize the assumptions under which they can be identified. We propose using a parametric g-computation based approach to estimating key effects, and evaluate finite-sample properties through simulation studies. We illustrate the utility of our proposed methods through application to a recent clinical trial of patients with type 2 diabetes that showed significant overall effects on key psychosocial outcome measures.

Tags: causal inference , chronic illness , clinical trials , dissertation defense , mobile health interventions

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