phd in health sciences jobs

PhD / Doctorate Careers in Health Care

Do you have an phd or doctorate are you considering pursuing one discover your specialized options for a career in health care…, phd / doctorate resources….

• Explore careers that may require a PhD or Doctorate education
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Health Care Careers for those with a PhD or Doctorate Degree

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Career Paths for PhD Graduates

New section.

Biomedical scientists can use their knowledge of biomedical research in a wide variety of ways.

What can I be with a PhD?

Biomedical scientists may use their knowledge of biomedical research to:

• Direct a research lab and decide which scientific questions to investigate
• Be part of a team of scientists working together to solve problems of health and disease
• Manage and coordinate large scientific projects (across institutions and/or across the world)
• Teach others about biomedical science including how to do research and how to think about and understand scientific information
• Inform policy makers about scientific matters that impact health and science
• Communicate (by writing and speaking) and disseminate the latest information about scientific and medical discoveries
• Translate discoveries and inventions from the most fundamental level to every day usage

Where do biomedical scientists work?

Academic institutions (research and administration)

• Large research universities
• Small liberal arts colleges
• Medical centers and medical schools
• Dental, veterinary and optometry schools
• Research institutes
• Community colleges
• High schools

Pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies

Government agencies at the federal, state, and local levels, including:

• NIH - National Institutes of Health
• FDA - Food and Drug Administration
• CDCP - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
• NSF - National Science Foundation
• EPA - Environmental Protection Agency
• NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration
• USDA - Department of Agriculture
• VA - Veterans' Administration
• DOD - Department of Defense
• US Congress
• Executive Branch of the Federal Government
• State and county health departments

Mass communication organizations and businesses

• Newspapers and magazines
• Internet-based communications
• Broadcast media (television, radio, movies)
• Scientific journals and textbooks

Law firms (patent and intellectual property law)

Consulting firms

• Judicial system - scientific evidence in trials
• Financial - advising regarding investments in biotechnology, drug and medical device development
• Educational

Philanthropic and non-profit organizations

• NAS/IOM - National Academies of Science/Institute of Medicine
• Scientific societies and associations
• Private foundations

General information about careers in biomedical science

ScienceCareers.org  - Find a job in science - searchable by location including international, field, keyword, etc.

PhD Jobs  - Includes jobs from across the United States including Biological Science, Business, Education, Engineering, Health & Medicine, Information Science, Law, Science

ScienceCareers.org "Mastering Your Ph.D.: Preparing for Your Post-Ph.D. Career" - Survival and success in the doctoral years and beyond

National Postdoctoral Association  - Providing a national voice and seeking positive change for postdoctoral scholars

Choosing a Postdoctoral Position  - Advice on finding the best postdoc for you

PhDs.org: Science, Math, and Engineering Career Resources  - Information for scientists and would-be scientists at all levels, from high school students through Nobel laureates.

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Helpful tools for those applying to medical PhD programs.

Upcoming short presentations will describe features of PhD training, alumni careers, and detailed logistics of the application process.

Learn about PhD Programs from program leaders.

Graduate schools in the biomedical sciences will generally provide a comprehensive funding package to their students.

PhD Programs by School

List of Postdoctoral Programs by School

Postbaccalaureate programs begin after an undergraduate degree and are designed to support the transition to professional school.

What Are the Highest-Paying Jobs in Health Science?

Health Science Jobs Overview

• Top-Paying Undergraduate Jobs
• Top-Paying Graduate Jobs

Are you ready to earn your online nursing degree?

Looking for a healthcare job that doesn’t require you to attend nursing or medical school? Explore this roundup of high-paying health science careers.

Aside from the satisfaction of helping others, health science jobs can offer high salaries, rapid job growth, and stability. Whether you enjoy conducting research or working hands-on with patients, there’s a health science job to match your goals.

Popular Online Healthcare Master’s Programs

Learn about start dates, transferring credits, availability of financial aid, and more by contacting the universities below.

Most health science graduates specialize in fields like public health, bioinformatics, diet and nutrition, or epidemiology. While you need a master’s degree for many high-paying health science jobs, there are plenty of great options for people with undergraduate degrees, as well. Due to the growing demand for health science occupations, employers may even help pay for your graduate degree.

The average salaries for all the positions listed below are higher than the average salary in the U.S. of $65,470, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Most of these jobs are also growing at a faster-than-average rate, given the aging U.S. population and demand for healthcare.

The Highest-Paying Undergraduate Health Science Jobs

Looking for a high-paying career in the health sciences but feel like an advanced degree isn’t the right fit for you? These jobs offer opportunities to help others, earn a good living, and potential career growth. Whatever your strengths, these are some of the best-paying jobs in healthcare for undergraduate degree-holders, according to data from the BLS. Keep in mind: graduate-level degrees can help you earn higher salaries in positions that accept undergraduate degrees as the minimum education requirement.

1 | Medical and Health Services Manager

Medical and health services managers oversee hospitals, physician’s offices, and other healthcare facilities and programs. They must understand how health systems work but do not require any clinical expertise. Medical and health services managers should have strong organization, communication, data analysis, and problem-solving skills. Most medical and health services managers have undergraduate degrees in management or health sciences fields, such as health administration, business administration, and health informatics.

Average Annual Salary: $110,680

2 | Biomedical Engineer

Biomedical engineers develop medical products. They usually work for medical equipment and supply manufacturers, research and development firms, or other medical industries. Some specialties include installation and troubleshooting, project management, sales, and customer support. Most of these engineers major in bioengineering or another form of engineering, such as mechanical or electrical.

Average Annual Salary: $100,730

3 | Radiation Therapist

These professionals administer radiation therapy to patients with cancer. You can become a radiation therapist with either an associate degree or a bachelor’s degree. In most states, you must become certified by graduating from an accredited school and passing the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists certification examination. Radiation therapists must be detail-oriented and focused on safety. Because patients are often in physical or mental distress, this work requires empathy, communication skills, technical expertise, and physical stamina.

Average Annual Salary: $98,300

4 | Dental Hygienist

Dental hygienists perform dental cleanings, take X-rays, polish teeth, and assist dentists with different procedures. They also educate patients on effective dental hygiene. Most dental hygienist positions require only an associate degree, which typically takes three years. Specific requirements vary by state, but most require graduating from an accredited program and passing a licensing examination. Dental hygienists must be clear communicators who address their patients’ physical and mental discomfort. This job involves frequent bending and standing.

Average Annual Salary: $87,530

5 | Dietitian or Nutritionist

Dietitians and nutritionists educate clients on nutrition and help them adopt the right diets for their health needs. They work in various settings, including hospitals, government branches, residential care, and outpatient facilities. Dietitians are legally allowed to treat clinical conditions related to diet and nutrition. Requirements for nutritionists vary by state, and some states do not have any formal stipulations. However, nutritionists can receive certification from the Board for Certification of Nutrition Specialists . Dietitians and nutritionists must understand the psychology and biology of their patients’ eating habits.

Average Annual Salary: $69,680

The Highest-Paying Graduate Health Science Jobs

Many of the best-paying jobs in healthcare require a master’s degree or higher, as well as special certifications. Here are the top-paying graduate-level health science positions.

1 | Physician Assistant

Physician assistants are not licensed physicians, but they can diagnose and treat conditions. A physician must supervise their work, but the degree of oversight varies by state. They typically work in hospitals and other healthcare settings, such as clinics, schools, and correctional facilities. Typical undergraduate degrees for physician assistants include kinesiology or biology. Each candidate must complete a master’s degree from an accredited program and pass the licensing examination from the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants .

Average Annual Salary: $130,020

2 | Occupational Therapist

Occupational therapists help patients improve injuries or other physical conditions affecting their daily lives. To qualify for professional practice, an aspiring therapist must earn a master’s degree from an accredited school, complete fieldwork hours, and pass the National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy exam. Most occupational therapists work in hospitals, physical therapy practices, schools, nursing homes, and home care. Occupational therapists must be physically able to assist patients with limited mobility and demonstrate exercises. They also need to motivate patients, especially when exercises are painful or tiring.

Average Annual Salary: $96,370

3 | Genetic Counselor

Genetic counseling is a relatively new field that developed in response to industry advances. State licensing requirements vary, but most employers require certification from the American Board of Genetics Counseling . Certification requires candidates to graduate from accredited master’s programs and pass the exam. Genetic counselors must treat their patients with respect and empathy because they’re often facing some of the most difficult situations of their lives. While most genetic counselors work within hospitals and health systems, some practice independently.

Average Annual Salary: $95,770

4 | Speech-Language Pathologists

Speech-language pathologists help patients with speech and/or swallowing issues. They often work in schools, private practices, and hospitals. Speech-language pathologists help patients recover their ability to speak after accidents or illnesses, such as a stroke. They also work with patients who are still developing their speech abilities. Typically, speech-language pathologists hold undergraduate degrees in speech therapy, health sciences, or biology. All states require licensure, which stipulates that each candidate graduates from an accredited master’s program, completes fieldwork hours, and passes an examination. Many states or employers require American Speech-Language-Hearing Association certification and a license to work in schools.

Average Annual Salary: $89,290

5 | Epidemiologist

Epidemiologists study the distribution, causation, and prevention of diseases. This position requires understanding both the biological and social causes. Many epidemiologists work to prevent noninfectious preventable diseases by studying environmental and behavioral factors. Most epidemiologists work for governments, hospitals, and nonprofits. They analyze data from research in laboratories and/or communities. Entry-level positions typically require a master’s degree but not licensure.

Average Annual Salary: $81,390

Frequently Asked Questions About Health Science Jobs

What is the job of a health scientist.

Health science jobs and their daily tasks vary greatly. Duties can include conducting research, educating patients, writing medication prescriptions, and developing medical equipment.

What is the most popular job in health science?

There’s no single most popular health science career. Job-seeker preferences are based on education level, location, job demand , and other individualized factors. Some popular jobs include home health aide, substance abuse counselor, and medical assistant.

What is the job description for health science?

Health science can be broadly defined as the study of human physical and mental well-being. This is important in a wide range of science, public health, government, and educational settings.

What is the highest-paying job in health science?

According to our list, the highest-paying health science job is physician assistant, with an average annual salary of $130,020 as of 2023, according to the BLS .

Related Pages

Is a Health Science Degree Worth It?

A health science degree offers a great return on investment. Learn how you can make a difference with a health science degree and enjoy a lucrative career.

5 Reasons to Get a Job in Health Science

A career in health science offers job stability, variety, and the chance to make a difference in the world.

What Are the Most In-Demand Jobs in Health Science?

Interested in a career in health science? Discover the most in-demand health science jobs, along with salary figures and education requirements.

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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Health Policy and Management

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About the PhD in Health Policy and Management Program

The PhD in Health Policy and Management is a full-time doctoral program that trains its students to conduct original investigator-initiated research through a combination of coursework and research mentoring. The curriculum includes core coursework that is common across the four concentrations and courses specific to each individual concentration. Applicants to the PhD in Health Policy and Management apply directly to one of four concentrations. All four options have the same deadline, structure, and funding.

Concentration Areas

This concentration is designed for students interested in conducting independent research on ethical issues in public health policy, research and practice such as domestic and international research ethics, learning health systems, emerging biomedical technologies, ethics and public health genetics, national and global food policy, access to care and health care priority setting. By the end of their training, students are equipped to function as independent researchers, conducting empirical research related to bioethics, public health and health policy, as well as prepared to provide practical and normative recommendations regarding ethics and public health policy.

View more program information about the Concentration in Bioethics and Health Policy.

This concentration is designed for students interested in preventing leading public health problems through the development, analysis, implementation and evaluation of public health policies. Students affiliated with this concentration employ an interdisciplinary approach to their research in areas such as environmental and occupational health policy, injury prevention and control, social policy, and health and the practice of prevention.

View more program information about the Concentration in Health and Public Policy .

This concentration prepares doctoral students for conducting innovative and rigorous research on the economics of health and healthcare. The curriculum stresses a solid grounding in applied modern microeconomic theory, quantitative methods, and econometrics applications. Students take courses through the Department of Economics in the Krieger School of Arts and Sciences.

View more program information about the Concentration in Health Economics and Policy.

This concentration prepares doctoral students for conducting innovative and rigorous quantitative and qualitative research and evaluation in health services delivery. The curriculum includes exposure to a wide variety of research methods, content areas, and datasets. It also offers the opportunity for in-depth study in areas such as public health informatics, quality of care and patient-centered outcomes research, including a focus on older adults, and health care disparities.

View more program information about the Concentration in Health Services Research and Policy.

Curriculum for the PhD in Health Policy and Management

Browse an overview of the requirements for this PhD program in the JHU  Academic Catalogue  and explore all course offerings in the Bloomberg School  Course Directory .

What Can You Do With a Graduate Degree In Health Policy And Management?

Our graduates graduates pursue research careers in top-tier universities, research and policy-making organizations, the health care industry and government agencies. Visit the  Graduate Employment Outcomes Dashboard to learn about Bloomberg School graduates' employment status, sector, and salaries.

Admissions Requirements

For general admissions requirements, please visit the How to Apply page. All concentrations follow the same admission process. Please see below for full details on the scope of each concentration.

PhD in Health Policy and Management – Bioethics and Health Policy

PhD in Health Policy and Management – Health and Public Policy

PhD in Health Policy and Management – Health Economics and Policy

PhD in Health Policy and Management – Health Services Research and Policy

For general information regarding tuition and fees, visit the Bloomberg School’s  Tuition and Fees  page.

Per the Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA) with the JHU PhD Union, the minimum guaranteed 2025-2026 academic year stipend is $50,000 for all PhD students with a 4% increase the following year. Tuition, fees, and medical benefits are provided, including health insurance premiums for PhD student’s children and spouses of international students, depending on visa type. The minimum stipend and tuition coverage is guaranteed for at least the first four years of a BSPH PhD program; specific amounts and the number of years supported, as well as work expectations related to that stipend will vary across departments and funding source. Please refer to the CBA to review specific benefits, compensation, and other terms.

Need-Based Relocation Grants Students who  are admitted to PhD programs at JHU starting in Fall 2023 or beyond can apply to receive a need-based grant to offset the costs of relocating to be able to attend JHU.   These grants provide funding to a portion of incoming students who, without this money, may otherwise not be able to afford to relocate to JHU for their PhD program. This is not a merit-based grant. Applications will be evaluated solely based on financial need.  View more information about the need-based relocation grants for PhD students .

Questions about the program? We're happy to help. [email protected]  

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Found 78 jobs

Atlas - joint phd program from biontech and tron with a focus on translational medicine .

• Mainz, Rheinland-Pfalz (DE)
• Fully funded PhD positions
• Translational Oncology (TRON) Mainz

5 PhD positions for ATLAS, the joint PhD Program from BioNTech and TRON with a focus on translational medicine.

View details ATLAS - Joint PhD Program from BioNTech and TRON with a focus on translational medicine 

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Scientist / Postdoc (m/f/d): Analysis of Microscopic BIOMedical Images (AMBIOM)

• Dortmund, Nordrhein-Westfalen (DE)
• Competitive
• Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V.

A new project area in the institute is the development of artificial intelligence (AI)

View details Scientist / Postdoc (m/f/d): Analysis of Microscopic BIOMedical Images (AMBIOM)

• 10 days ago
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PhD Candidate (m/f/d): Analysis of Microscopic BIOMedical Images (AMBIOM)

View details PhD Candidate (m/f/d): Analysis of Microscopic BIOMedical Images (AMBIOM)

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Neuromorphic chip design

• Israel/Remotely
• Technion - Israel Institute of Technology

Postdoctoral, Research assistant and PhD positions in neuromorphic engineering and analog circuit design are available.

View details Neuromorphic chip design

• 13 days ago
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Faculty Positions at the Center for Machine Learning Research (CMLR), Peking University

• Beijing, China
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What Can You Do With A Public Health Degree? 15 Jobs To Consider

Updated: Jul 6, 2023, 3:18pm

If you wonder how the environment impacts health and wellness, or how you can help communities better care for their health, you might consider a career in public health. This field suits people who are curious about ways to significantly impact people’s well-being in community, environmental and policy-oriented spaces.

You can start your career by earning an in-person or online public health degree . But after that, what can you do with a public health degree ? Below, explore a list of popular public health roles to help determine a career path that fits your interests, skills and goals.

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What Is Public Health?

Public health is a field that promotes community well-being. Where many medical fields focus on the individual, public health takes a higher-level approach to healthcare. Preventative programs, disease tracking and research, and healthy lifestyle promotions form the foundation of many public health initiatives.

Public health programs often sit within branches of federal, state and local governments and nonprofit organizations. Popular roles in public health include first responders, nutritionists, health educators and policymakers.

What Jobs Can You Get With a Public Health Degree?

Health administrators, policy writers and patient advocates play crucial roles in public health spaces, as do clinical and community-centric roles. The below salary data was sourced from Payscale and the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics .

Biostatistician

Median Annual Salary: $74,240 Minimum Required Education: Bachelor’s degree Job Overview: Biostatistics helps bridge the gap between vast health data and actionable solutions. A biostatistician examines public health and biological data, using statistical analysis tools to observe and track health trends. A biostatistician may help analyze data from a clinical trial or evaluate the efficacy of new medications.

Community Health Worker

Median Annual Salary: $46,190 Minimum Required Education: High school diploma Job Overview: Community health workers advocate for fellow community members’ health. They may provide translation services at medical appointments, inform policy development and educate underserved populations about vital health information.

Community Outreach Coordinator

Average Annual Salary: Around $46,100 Minimum Required Education: Bachelor’s degree Job Overview: Community outreach coordinators can work for government offices, nonprofits or healthcare organizations. A community outreach coordinator may host events on timely health issues or partner with schools and businesses to direct community members toward necessary resources. This relational role requires strong communication skills to connect people who need care with practical solutions.

Environmental Health Scientist

Median Annual Salary: $76,480 Minimum Required Education: Bachelor’s degree Job Overview: Who decides how to sanitize food for public consumption or responds in the event of an oil spill? An environmental health specialist helps identify potential threats to public health, ensures corporations follow environmental regulations, and monitors waste and sewage disposal. Environmental health specialists may also form community connections to help improve water quality and advocate for better waste treatment facilities.

Epidemiologist

Median Annual Salary: $78,520 Minimum Required Education: Master’s degree Job Overview: What is an epidemiologist ? People may assume these professionals only study highly infectious, transferable diseases, but this position can cover various chronic conditions, illnesses and injuries. An epidemiologist may translate research studies to help inform public health policymakers, observe how certain diseases affect different populations and use data analysis to predict the spread of an emerging disease.

Health Coach

Average Annual Salary: Around $52,900 Minimum Required Education: Associate degree Job Overview: A health coach can work with individuals or groups to help improve physical health. Most health coaches earn additional certifications and must become adept at applying behavior change models according to each client’s health goals and ability level. Health coaches can work in community centers, private practices or healthcare settings like hospitals and clinics.

Health Education Specialist

Median Annual Salary: $59,990 Minimum Required Education: High school diploma Job Overview: Health education specialists inform communities about ways to better care for their health and avoid injury. Like community health workers, health education specialists must form close ties with communities to spread vital health safety information. They may also offer workshops and programs, connecting people to health resources such as insurance.

Health Services Manager

Median Annual Salary: $104,830 Minimum Required Education: Bachelor’s degree Job Overview: Health services managers wear many hats to ensure all department members and processes run smoothly. Daily responsibilities of a health services manager often include hiring new staff members, creating and managing department budgets, and strategizing improvements to patient care. These professionals may work in hospitals, private clinics or similar healthcare settings.

Medical Office Coordinator

Median Annual Salary: $38,500 Minimum Required Education: Associate degree Job Overview: A medical office coordinator maintains a functioning healthcare office and serves as a point of contact for patients when they arrive for appointments. Everyday responsibilities of a medical office coordinator include patient intake, maintaining provider’s schedules, and coordinating with outside services such as insurance companies, labs and pharmaceutical representatives.

Medical Transcriptionist

Median Annual Salary: $34,730 Minimum Required Education: Postsecondary nondegree award Job Overview: Healthcare professionals use medical transcriptionists to write or type a dictated patient care plan, medical background or diagnosis. Medical transcriptionists must be familiar with standard health-related and anatomical terms and able to ask and answer questions related to the transcribed content.

Patient Services Coordinator

Average Annual Salary: Around $42,000 Minimum Required Education: Commonly associate degree, but varies by employer Job Overview: Patient services coordinators liaise between healthcare workers and patients in hospitals and clinics. They help maintain appointment calendars and scheduling, perform patient intakes, organize medical records and quickly respond to patient requests. Customer service, technology and communication skills are essential to this role.

Policy Analyst

Median Annual Salary: $128,020 Minimum Required Education: Master’s degree Job Overview: Most policy analysts work within government organizations or nonprofits to help shape and determine public health priorities and outcomes. Health policy analysts might evaluate a current policy and note areas for improvement, draft new policies or listen to community members’ health needs to inform the direction of future policies.

Public Health Professor

Median Annual Salary: $100,300 Minimum Required Education: Doctoral degree Job Overview: After earning a doctorate in public health, some stay in academia and become professors. Public health professors may teach more general courses or specialize in a particular subject, such as environmental health or epidemiology. Typical duties of a professor include presenting lectures, creating lesson plans and performing original research.

Public Health Specialist

Average Annual Salary: Around $58,500 Minimum Required Education: Bachelor’s degree Job Overview: Public health specialists focus on strategies for designing and implementing public health policies and programs versus direct community involvement. Some public health specialists focus on more narrow interventions, like reducing healthcare inequalities in specific marginalized populations. Others tackle broader public health and safety programs, such as reducing heart disease and smoking.

Social or Community Service Manager

Average Annual Salary: $74,240 Minimum Required Education: Bachelor’s degree Job Overview: Community service managers design and implement public health programs and connect people to health resources. It’s common for a community service manager to identify the most pressing community health needs, advocate for better health policies, and manage staff and office budgets. You can find community service managers working in residential care facilities, religious organizations and local government, among other environments.

Types of Public Health Degrees

Most public health careers require a higher education degree, though the exact degree type can vary by role. Below we explore some common public health degrees.

Associate Degree in Public Health

An associate degree in public health often serves as a stepping stone to a bachelor’s degree. Associate degrees last about two years and are less costly than four-year programs. Some associate degree programs offer hands-on internship and fieldwork opportunities.

Some students pursue careers with only associate degrees, often working as health education specialists or medical transcriptionists.

Bachelor’s Degree in Public Health

Students who earn a bachelor’s degree in public health may need to choose between a bachelor of science and a bachelor of arts . With a BS, your courses may focus more on biology, chemistry and other science-based courses. A BA prioritizes social science courses like community advocacy and health policy. Undergraduate degrees often require about 120 credits, and the public health portion comprises about 60.

Master of Public Health

Many students who want to work in public health earn master’s degrees so they can specialize in a specific subject, pursue research and improve their earning potential. Courses in a public health master’s program encompass data and policy analysis, managing studies, and the intersections of biological, cultural and environmental health factors.

Master’s in public health programs can take as little as 16 months or as long as three or four years to complete, depending on delivery format and whether a student enrolls part or full time.

Doctorate in Public Health

People pursuing public health doctorates often become professors or step into leadership roles. In most cases, you must earn a master’s degree in a related field before applying to a doctorate in a public health program. Some programs even ask for proof that you’ve spent the last few years working in public health.

Most doctoral programs last about three to four years. The first half of the program features leadership, management and advocacy courses. The latter half focuses on your dissertation and further research or participation in a public health residency.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About What You Can Do With a Public Health Degree

Is public health a good career.

Many would say yes since you can build a fulfilling and potentially lucrative career in the public health sector. Many people who work in public health enjoy advocating for underserved communities and protecting the public against illnesses and diseases.

What can I do with a public health degree?

Public health offers diverse career options, such as biostatistics, environmental health and epidemiology. You can choose between more clinical-oriented roles or those grounded in policy, advocacy and community-centric work.

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Career Outlook

Careers in academia, such as schools of:

• Public Health
• Health Sciences
• Other academic institutions

Research roles and positions outside of academia, such as:

• Leadership positions in local, state, and federal agencies, and international governmental institutions, including ministries of health
• Research scientists with federal agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency, National Institutes of Health, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as well as in private industry
• Research scientists and leaders of philanthropic foundations such as the American Cancer Society and American Heart Association
• Directors and program officers for international organizations such as the United Nations and the World Bank
• Epidemiologists for local and federal agencies as well as international governmental institutions, or Directors of nongovernmental agencies and consulting organizations.

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What Can I Do With A Doctorate Degree in Health Sciences?

Find your degree.

Table of Contents

What is Health Science?

Health science is any science that applies to the health of humans and animals. It encompasses the study, research, and body of knowledge on health, and also all efforts to improve health in humans and animals, understand their functions and cure diseases, defects, and all other issues that impact health.

A health science major can prepare you to take on so many different, vitally important jobs and responsibilities in healthcare that can help shape the field, and make drastic changes in people’s lives.

Health science professionals will be at the forefront of the ongoing struggle over the future of healthcare in America (whether we will live under a for-profit system or join much of the developed world in offering single payer healthcare), help make new medical discoveries that cure diseases, plus invent and use the health science technologies of the future.

In this extremely multidisciplinary field, you can work in and study biomedicine, societal, psychological, and organizational issues and aspects of health, and anything else that impacts the health of people and animals. People who work in the health sciences can approach this sprawling field from a STEM perspective, social care, mental health, physical health, medicine, and more.

Because of the broad variety of areas health science covers, earning an advanced degree in the field can lead to many different careers. Health science also showcases just how essential cooperation is in all aspects of healthcare.

Far too often, people avoid seeking out healthcare because of prohibitive costs, copays, for lack of insurance, or because they’re afraid their insurance won’t cover the care they need. These societal failures lead to widespread maladies and ironically, greater costs over time due to a lack of preventative measures in favor of treatment as a last resort once an issue has grown far more severe.

Another glaring issue is the lack of continuity between the different health services people seek out. While medical records are ferried between our doctors, there’s often a disconnect between the professionals at different medical points of service. Our healthcare system as a whole is made up of countless disconnected organizations that don’t necessarily communicate and cooperate in a way that produces the best outcomes.

While studying and working as a health scientist, you’ll become intimately acquainted with how important the integration of all aspects of health science is, from education to advocacy, research to development, case management to administration, and everything in between.

But to work in health science, you’ll need a health science degree. That’s where we come in. At Online College Plan, we’ve worked hard to help you find health science majors and health science degrees that lead to top health science jobs across the healthcare landscape. The fruits of our labor include our excellent ranking of The Best Online Doctor of Health Science Degrees . We’ve ranked the schools on this list based on:

• Academic Quality of Parent Institution : this metric is a combination of several metrics which attribute to student success and support. Examples include student-to-faculty ratio, acceptance rate, financial aid offerings, and the research rank of the university.
• Academic Quality of Program in Question : this is a measure of the program’s range of electives, research rank of the faculty, and support services for careers in health science.
• Flexibility of the Program : an important measure to ensure that the offerings will enable those juggling work, life, and school to obtain the education they desire.

On this list, you’ll find many different health science degrees, but two main health science degree types:

• Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Health Sciences Degrees
• Doctor of Health Science (D.H.Sc.) Degrees

Both of these health science degree types can lead to any career in the field. However, Ph.D. degrees require an original dissertation and are focused on original research. Graduates of these programs often go on to work in research and academia. In a D.H.Sc. program, you might not be required to write a dissertation, and you’ll frequently go on to work in top professional positions in healthcare outside of education and research. Of course, these are more trends than hard and fast rules.

If you find a program on our ranking that you think is a good fit, it’s helpful to reach out to the support staff that works at the school offering it to request more information and help with your application process. You’ll often find extremely considerate, helpful staff that will make your life much more comfortable and give you a leg up on entering top health science degrees for you.

Now that we’ve looked into health science, let’s explore outcomes of earning degrees in the field:

What Can I Do With A Health Sciences Degree?

As we’ve discussed, there are so many different things you can do with a health sciences degree. You could work in a medical facility or clinical practice, do research that will influence the future of health science, advocate for health policies that can change the field, teach health science courses, and much more. Much of what you can do with a health sciences degree depends on what health science major and degree level you reach. On that note:

What Can I Do With a Doctoral Degree in Health Sciences?

When you earn a doctoral degree in health sciences, you’ll be prepared to work at the highest levels of health science in a wide number of different positions. You can work teaching future health scientists, researchers, professors, policy advocates, clinicians, health administrators, public health professionals, and much more. There are many different specialties in health science that you can take doctoral degrees in. Just some of the options you can study and work in include:

• Physical or Occupational Therapy
• Chiropractic treatment
• Healthcare informatics
• Healthcare administration
• Athletic training
• Among many others.

Should I Earn a Doctoral Degree in Health Sciences?

If you want to work at the highest levels of health science, a doctoral degree will prepare you to do so, plus give incredible credentials that will help you reach top jobs in the field.

Really though, it’s up to you. Doctoral programs take 3-5 years to earn and can be very time-consuming and grueling. Fortunately, by choosing one of the online health science degrees we’ve ranked, you’ll be able to obtain your health science degree and get the health science degree jobs that you’ll be qualified for while maintaining your current work and life schedule. So what are some of the posts you’ll be eligible for after earning one of these degrees?

What Are Popular Health Science Degree Jobs?

Some of the most popular health science degree jobs include the following:

• Medical and Health Services Manager
• Medical Scientists
• Health Educator and Community Health Worker

So what would these roles pay? What are the different factors that influence that pay?

What is the Average Salary For Careers in Health Sciences?

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, there are currently 480,700 Medical and Health Services Managers in the field. BLS predicts that number will grow by 28% through 2031, leading to 56,600 new positions each year over the next decade. The median annual salary for these positions is $101,340.

BLS also found there are nearly 120,000 Medical Scientists in the field, which is predicted to grow by 17% through 2031, leading to 10,000 new jobs a year for the next decade. The median annual pay for these roles is $95,310.

Finally, BLS reports there are currently 126,700 Health Educator and Community Health Workers. And this field is expected to grow by 12% through 2031. This will lead to around 16,000 new openings each year over the next decade.

What Associations or Organizations Can I Join With A Degree in Health Sciences?

Health science is a robust, dedicated community made up of thousands of sects. The field is organized into associations and organizations that qualified professionals can join. Some of the most prominent include:

• American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE): ACHE connects healthcare executives to connections across the country and also offers regional resources through one of its more than 80 regional chapters. Upon joining member are enrolled in one of those local chapters which offer education programs, volunteer opportunities, and career advancement resources. Members pay $150 per year for the first two years, $250 for years three to five, and $325 after five years in dues.
• The American Association of Healthcare Administrative Management (AAHAM) : This is the premier organization for healthcare management administrators . AAHAM works “to provide education, certification, networking, and advocacy” for people who manage health professionals and work with health revenue. AAHAM offers regular training, updates on the field, among other resources. New members pay $210 in dues.
• The Healthcare Financial Management Association (HFMA): HFMA works to give professionals the tools they need to grow in and improve their careers. It’s focused on providing professionals with the tools they need to advance their careers. Members can access many different training opportunities, like conferences, seminars, eLearning courses, certification opportunities, and much more. Members will also get to attend lots of networking opportunities. New members pay between $198 and $298 in dues depending on the membership options they choose.
• American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA): AHIMA is a health management organization that helps current professionals in the field in addition to aspiring health information management professionals. Its mission is to improve the quality of healthcare delivery. It works to do so by offering health professionals (and those that want to one day become one) the tools, resources, and information they’ll need to enhance their practice and care. Compared to other health associations and organizations this is a unique organization because it wants to improve standard care instead of work within the pre-existing practices. Annual membership fees are currently $175.
• The National Association of Healthcare Access Management (NAHAM): NAHAM works to help professionals maintain high standards, use best practices, maintaining high standards, and get specific expertise in the field. They offer members access to educational opportunities, networking events, and new certifications. It also works to promote top-quality patient care by making patient access services more efficient. Annual membership fees for this organization start at $97.50.

Working in health science at the top levels (or any level) can be significantly enhanced through joining a professional organization or association. Making professional connections across the country with like-minded peers that share the same career goals and healthcare aspirations as you is invaluable. In order to create lasting, positive change in healthcare and health science, you’ll need lots of allies. When you add the educational opportunities, certifications, and other resources offered by these organizations to the pot, it’s a no-brainer.

Health Science Doctorates in Conclusion

Obtaining a doctorate health science major is an excellent way to greatly improve your career, get strong fulfillment from your job, and drastically impact the future of health science and health care.

If you’re looking for the right program for you, please explore our ranking of The Best Online Doctor of Health Science Degrees . If you find a program that feels like a great match you can easily reach out to the support staff at the school that offers it to request more information and get assistance in the application process.

Working at the top levels of health science matters more than ever as our healthcare system continues to evolve through new discoveries, inventions of new technology, and looming battles over policy, among other issues. By earning a doctorate health science degree you can be a part of our future. Good luck!

Related Articles:

10 Best Online Doctor of Health Science Degrees

20 Best Online Degree Programs for High Paying Jobs

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Phone: 208-292-2519

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Health Sciences BS Degree

Complete a health sciences bachelor’s degree program at The University of Texas at Tyler to prepare for graduate studies or for jobs in an ever-growing field of health and wellness.

Study in outstanding facilities: The 127,000-square-foot Louise Herrington Patriot Center features computer labs, classrooms, sports facilities and a therapeutic exercise pool.

Get a sound foundation for health-related positions in public and private sectors, and clinical and non-clinical settings.

Bachelor’s in Health Sciences: Practical. Research-Based.

Complete research-focused projects to enhance your learning while working side-by-side with college faculty experts.

Get valuable real-world experience through an internship in a local community organization.

More Information

• Degree Plan

Career Outlook for Health Sciences

This broad field can lead to a range of career possibilities, including employment in a government office focusing on Medicare, working in a city or state health department, practicing in a clinical setting, or joining such nonprofit organizations as the American Red Cross, National Stroke Association or other specialized groups.

UT Tyler health sciences graduates are employed by such companies and institutions as: the Environmental Protection Agency; Medicare facilities; Women, Infants and Children (WIC); American Cancer Society; city and state health departments; and a range of insurance companies, hospitals and fitness centers.

For more, visit Occupational Outlook Handbook - Healthcare Occupations .

Marketable Skills for Health Sciences Majors

Talk to admissions for information about skills related to health science that are most sought after by today's employers: 

800 UT Tyler 903.566.7203 [email protected] Admissions Home Page

Health Sciences Courses: Insightful. In-depth.

Behavioral Health

Study the effects of behavior on health, including disease risks and prognosis in selected disease states. Examine behavioral alternatives to health promotion.

Explore ethical considerations encountered in community health settings.

Nutrition in Health and Performance

Study basic nutrition and the role of nutrition in health across the life cycle.

Learn more about UT Tyler’s health sciences program .

Also see The University of Texas at Tyler’s wellness BA degree with optional minor .

Health Sciences Faculty: Student-Focused. Recognized Experts.

• Learn from faculty experts with real world experience with food-borne illnesses, cluster and outbreak investigations, and bioterrorism emergency response.
• Be individually mentored by Department of Public Health faculty who are dedicated to developing successful future health professionals and administrators.
• Professors are widely published on topics ranging from HIV/AIDS, immigration, sleep, the effect of stress on health, cancer prevention and screening and nutrition for young children.

Learn more about UT Tyler Department of Public Health faculty .

Regular Faculty in Nutrition and Womens Health

• University of Idaho
• Moscow, ID, USA
• Sep 01, 2024

Job Description

• PhD in Nutrition or related discipline.
• Experience obtaining federal research funding related to nutrition and women's health.
• Experience completing federally funded projects related to nutrition and women's health.
• Experience publishing research findings in refereed journals.
• Experience mentoring junior faculty and graduate students conducting research related to nutrition.
• Experience with oral and written communication skills.
• Experience teaching at the undergraduate and/or graduate level.

Preferred Qualifications:

• Experience providing leadership and leading training programs.
• Experience or interest in conducting interdisciplinary work, particularly with other faculty in the Margaret Ritchie School of Family and Consumer Sciences.
• Experience teaching introductory nutrition.
• Experience teaching graduate courses in nutrition.

Application Details (to apply use the Apply Now button below.)

How to Apply: Please click the "Apply Now" button below or visit: https://uidaho.peopleadmin.com/

Jobs at the University of Idaho. When inquiring or applying for positions at the University of Idaho, please also reference AcademicCareers.com

Applicants with dual-career considerations can find university jobs such as professor jobs, dean jobs, chair / department head jobs, and other faculty jobs and professional and administrative staff employment opportunities at the University of Idaho and at other institutions of higher education in the region on www.AcademicCareers.com To receive email alerts when new jobs at the University of Idaho are posted, job seekers can sign up at new job openings at the University of Idaho

Why U of I?

Are you brave and bold? Come be a part of the Vandal family!

The University of Idaho is committed to promoting access and inclusion, which is supported by the Office of Equity and Diversity.   A variety of programs, services and policies promote our diversity initiatives and contribute to a respectful, responsive environment that supports the entire university population.

We offer a competitive benefits  package that includes core benefits such as medical, dental, and vision, as well as retirement and other exciting supplemental benefits that enhance the employment experience and life at U of I.

Work/Life Balance

Employee Assistance Plan: Benefit Services offers a robust employee assistance program  that is free and confidential. It provides eligible employees and their families with the opportunity to discuss personal problems with a professional counselor, receive unlimited telephone and Internet access to resource and referral information and obtain other self-help information.

Time Away from Work: The university offers a generous paid time off package  for benefit-eligible employees, as well as 12 paid holidays a year.

Lactation Rooms: Designated locations  across campus offer private rooms and resources for mothers to breastfeed or pump.

Campus Recreation: Student Recreation Center memberships are available to board-appointed U of I faculty, staff and their spouses. Employees must use payroll deduction for memberships.   

Eligible employees can purchase wellness passes  for the Student Recreation Center using payroll deduct.

Events: Check out what university events  are being offered, including seminars, classes, arts/entertainment, and social gatherings.

Educational Resources: Benefit-eligible employees and their families can enroll in University of Idaho courses at discounted rates using the education benefit .

U of I Children's Center: University employees have access to a year-round, child-centered child care center , conveniently located on campus. Fees vary depending on age and schedule.

About the area

Located in the beautiful rolling hills of the Palouse, Moscow  is a great place to live, work and play! In addition to housing our residential campus, this safe, close-knit community offers amazing restaurants, arts and entertainment, shopping, recreational activities, and breathtaking natural beauty. 

Area Resources:

Moscow Chamber of Commerce

City of Moscow

Latah County

The University of Idaho also provides state-wide impact through other campus locations including:

Coeur D'Alene

Idaho Falls

Boise 

If you have any questions about pursuing a career at U of I, contact [email protected] or 208-885-3611.

To see additional information about our job opening(s) or to apply, please click on the “Apply Now” button at the bottom of our job posting.

Jobs at the University of Idaho. When inquiring or applying for jobs at the University of Idaho, please also reference AcademicCareers.com

Applicants with dual-career considerations can find university jobs such as professor jobs, dean jobs, chair / department head jobs, and other faculty jobs and professional and administrative staff employment opportunities with the University of Idaho and at other institutions of higher education in the region on AcademicCareers.com To receive email alerts when new jobs at the University of Idaho are posted, please sign up for new job openings at the University of Idaho.

• College of Public Health
• Explore our Programs

Master of Science

Specialize in Epidemiology to bring your logic and analysis skills to bear on research opportunities. Through advanced epidemiological studies, gain intensive research, writing and publishing experience.

Focus on Health Behavior Research to achieve insights into the psychological, social and cultural factors that affect human health and health behavior. Develop research that advances policy, improves program planning and delivers improved outcomes.

About the Program

Program Purpose. The Master of Science in Public Health Sciences is designed to equip students with advanced quantitative and qualitative research methodologies to investigate public health issues, with a focus on epidemiology and the social and behavioral factors that impact health. Graduates are prepared for a variety of careers in public health, including roles as epidemiologists, health behavior researchers, public health analysts, and program coordinators in governmental health agencies, research institutions, non-profit organizations, and private industry. Graduates are also well prepared to pursue further research-intensive education including doctoral programs in public health.

Discovery-Based Paper.  MS students will complete significant research, writing, and publishing activities during their 2 years of study at the UNTHSC School of Public Health. The summer semester will be dedicated to developing their paper proposal with a final discovery-based paper completed by May of the second year. The paper will meet journal standards and be submitted for publication.

Fu ll-time. Students take 9 hours each semester. This program carries a heavy research and publication expectation as well as professional development hours.

On-campus. Students will complete their courses on-campus at the UNT Health Science Center in Fort Worth, Texas

2 Years. Students complete the program in 5 semesters, including the summer.

Fall entrance. New students begin the program each Fall semester. There are no Spring or Summer start options.

Cohort Format and Small class size. Students complete the program in a pre-determined sequence and pace. This is shown to improve student success and completion rates, offer strong networking opportunities between students, and develop quality relationships with program faculty.

SPH Professional Development & IPE programs. Students participate in weekly interlude meetings which consist of additional career and field prep programs. Programs range from alumni panels to networking, coaching, and guest speakers specific to concentration studies. IPE (Interprofessional Education) activities bring students from across university schools together for cross-disciplinary training. Students gain experience in collaborative work with medical professionals in real-life scenarios.

Cost, Scholarship & Financial Aid

Total program tuition and fees cost estimates are available via the Office of Student Finance . Note the available pre-calculated charts by college and degree plan.

Scholarship opportunities are available for cohort applicants. All applications complete and verified in SOPHAS or HAMPCAS by March 15 (priority deadline) will be considered, no additional application is required.   We suggest submitting your application by February 15 to allow time for SOPHAS verification.

Students with outstanding academic achievements may qualify for the Dean, President or Chancellor’s awards of $2,000 or more awarded over the 2 year program. This award may qualify non-resident students for in-state tuition.

UNTHSC has limited GA, RA & TA positions. MPH, MHA & MS students may apply for positions following admission. Work hours are capped at 19 hours a week. Available positions do not carry tuition/fee waivers.

Financial Aid is available to support tuition, fees and living expenses. Average loans taken for UNTHSC School of Public Health students are shared by the Financial Aid office. Loans taken may extend beyond the actual cost of the program to include living expense assistance. Contact Financial Aid for specific questions and counseling.

International students are automatically billed for student insurance coverage. Full insurance details and requirements.

If you have specific questions, please contact the UNT Health Science Center Financial Aid Office via:

• Phone: (817) 735-2505
• E-mail: [email protected]
• Visit the financial aid webpage: www.unthsc.edu/financial-aid

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQS)

We’re glad you have questions. Graduate school is a big step and requires careful consideration. You’re always welcome to email or call us for answers, but for your convenience, we’ve curated our responses to the most common questions from our applicants. You may view our “Frequently Asked Questions” page by following this link: www.unthsc.edu/college-of-public-health/faq .

This page was last modified on July 17, 2024

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Graduate School of Health and Medical Sciences

• Admission and application
• Information regarding the application process
• 10 things to prepare b...

10 things to prepare before submitting your application

1. create an applicant profile.

We recommend that you at an early point create an applicant profile on our application portal to explore the application form before you begin filling in information. Then you are familiar with the required information and in what format to prepare it. We recommend that you use Mozilla Firefox or Google Chrome to access the application portal.

2. Agreement with principal supervisor and primary co-supervisor

You must have a minimum of two supervisors attached to your project: A principal supervisor employed at the Faculty and a primary co-supervisor. The primary co-supervisor may be employed elsewhere, but please upload a CV including a list of publications. You are allowed to register more than one co-supervisor to your PhD project, if relevant. You must have a written agreement with your principal supervisor and your primary co-supervisor before you submit your application for enrolment. This is done via the application portal.  Learn more about supervision during your PhD programme .

3. Funding of your PhD

You need to document that you have funding for payment of tuition fee. A  person must guarantee the full amount (3 x 50.000 DKK) and ensure payment details such as Alias or EAN number. You need a budget (your salary, project expenses etc.). If you have funding letters, please attach them to your application.  Learn more about funding of your PhD.

4. Project description

The project description should be made in close cooperation with your principal supervisor. Please consider and prepare the following:  project title, project description, references, research questions, applicant’s work, ethical considerations, risk assessment and alternative approaches/plans, project document (optional) . The description must be minimum 3 pages.

5. Create a plan for your stay in another research environment

During your PhD programme, it is required that you altogether spend at least one month in other research teams, preferably abroad, in order to gain new knowledge and expand your network.  More about change of research environment.

6. Time and activity schedule for your PhD

The schedule should reflect the entire enrolment period and include main research and educational activities. Each interval in the schedule should be six months or shorter (preferably like a Gantt Chart).

A PhD student must complete courses corresponding to a  minimum of 28 ECTS and a maximum of 35 ECTS credits .  Learn more about PhD courses.

8. Documentation of your qualifications

E.g. your CV and a complete list of your scientific publications (if any). Certified copies of degree certificates and exam diplomas (in Danish or English). The list must be issued by the university where you completed the courses/exams.

9. Graduate programme affiliation

During your PhD, you must be affiliated with a graduate programme.  Learn more about the graduate programmes at the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences.

10. Approvals

Before you submit your application, you will be asked to obtain approvals from important stakeholders of your PhD project. This process is integrated into the application form. When you register contact information for your stakeholders in the form an email is sent directly from the application portal asking them to approve your PhD project.   

The persons mentioned below must approve of the PhD project. Please be aware that your enrolment application cannot be submitted before all approvals are obtained. You must obtain approvals from: 

• Principal supervisor
• Primary co-supervisor
• Head of department or centre (you are affiliated to the department at the faculty where your principal supervisor is employed)
• Guarantor of tuition fee
• Head of graduate programme
• Head of workplace(s)

Why do you need to collect all this information?

According to the PhD Order, all students must have their PhD plan approved no later than three months after enrolment. 

The Graduate School collects all information at once. This way, your PhD plan is approved at the time of enrolment, and you do not have to submit it later.

California Institute for Human Science

PhD in Psychology Concentrations

• - Clinical Psychology (Licensure)
• - Integral, Transpersonal & Positive Psychology
• - Individually Designed Concentration
• - General/No Concentration

Master of Arts in Psychology Concentration

• - Consciousness & Transformation
• - Spirituality & Whole Person Psychology

INTEGRAL NOETIC SCIENCE

Phd in integral noetic science concentrations.

• - Anomalous Studies
• - Wisdom Design
• - UAP & Consciousness Studies

Master of Arts in Integral Noetic Science Concentrations

Integral health, phd in integral health concentrations, master of arts in integral health concentrations.

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Doctoral Degree Admissions

Doctoral degree admissions information, accredited, innovative, and affordable online and in-person doctoral (ph.d.) degree programs in psychology, integral health, integral noetic sciences.

CIHS enrolls students on a “Quarter” basis. New students are able to begin their studies in the Fall, Winter, Spring, or Summer term. Each quarter (academic term) is 10 weeks long (2.5 months). We are currently accepting applications for the Fall (Sept.) 2024 Quarter which starts on Sept. 30, 2024.

The Application Deadline for the Fall 2024 term is September 5 , 2024 . Please submit your application by the application deadline to avoid any processing delays.  Applications received after the deadline are not guaranteed admission in the desired term. 

Please visit our  Academic Calendar Page  for information on other start dates. 

Residents of the following 29 states and those outside the United States are able to complete their degree program online-through Distance Education-from the comfort of their own home: AZ, CA, CO, DE, FL, HI, ID, IL, IN, KY, ME, MI, MS, MO, NE, NH, NJ, NY, NC, NV, OH, OK, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, WA, and all countries worldwide.

CIHS prides itself on the evaluation of the whole student and the individual experience. As such, GRE exams are not required. All interested students are welcome to apply. 

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

To be admitted into one of CIHS’ Ph.D. degree programs, the applicant is required to have obtained a master’s degree, from a U.S. regionally accredited institution, in an academic area of study relevant to the Ph.D. degree program to be undertaken at CIHS. When deemed necessary, the applicant may be required to take validating examinations or preparatory work/prerequisite courses. If the M.A. is in a different field, or if the Master’s degree is from a foreign university that is not regionally accredited in the U.S., approval by the Program Director is necessary.

A U.S. applicant, or international applicant who intends to attend CIHS through the distance education online modality, may be admitted to CIHS full-time or part-time. International students  who wish to study on the CIHS campus must maintain full-time enrollment. Additional information for international applicants is available on our International Students page.

FULL-TIME/PART-TIME DEFINITIONS

• Full-time Graduate Students must be enrolled in a minimum of 8 units per quarter, and at least 3 quarters per year. One quarter off is optional except for the Fall quarter. Ph.D. students in the Dissertation Sequence will be considered full-time as long as they are registered for 5-6 units per quarter.
• Part-time Graduate Students must be enrolled in a minimum of 4 units per quarter, and at least 3 quarters per year. One quarter off is optional except for the Fall quarter.

Please note, acceptance into one of CIHS degree programs, does not guarantee admission to other CIHS programs. Students who are accepted into a degree program at CIHS will be granted admission to another degree program only after they fulfill all the degree requirements of the first program they got admitted into, and/or on the acceptance of the other degree program’s Program Director.

APPLICATION PROCESS & HOW TO APPLY

To start the application process, the materials listed below must be submitted/uploaded to our online application portal at the time of your application submission:

A completed online application .

Non-refundable application fee:

Domestic applicants (U.S. citizens and permanent residents): $65

International applicants (F-1 Visa International Students): $100

Official undergraduate (Bachelor’s) degree transcripts and graduate (Master’s & Ph.D.) degree transcripts, if you have any – with proof of degree completion/graduation. All transcripts should be e-mailed directly from the issuing institution(s) to CIHS at  [email protected] . If Email is not an option from one or more of your former institutions, your transcripts must be mailed directly by each institution to:  California Institute for Human Science, Admissions Office, 701 Garden View Court, Encinitas, CA 92024 USA.  If you are requesting any transfer credit, official course syllabi may also be required for departmental approval and in compliance with CIHS’ Transfer Credit Policy.   

Two letters of recommendation from individuals who can address your academic and/or professional qualifications. The person recommending you may use the online form at  www.cihs.edu/letter-of-recommendation  OR e-mail the letter of recommendation to  [email protected]  with your name in the subject line.

A personal essay in which you explain the reason(s) for seeking admission to CIHS. The essay should show evidence that you have read the CIHS website, understand the CIHS mission, and have some knowledge of the field of study of the program for which you are applying. Please explain how this program could add to your academic background and help you fulfill your professional and/or personal goals. Suggested length of narrative: 1-2 pages, double-spaced, Times New Roman font, Font Size: 12, approximately 250-500 words. Applicants may exceed this limit if needed. 

A current curriculum vitae (CV) or resume, if applicable.

A representative term paper or another sample of academic or professional writing or publication(s). For tips on how to choose a writing sample,  click here . 

For applicants seeking a Ph.D. in Psychology: An interview with the Program Director via Zoom. 

Additional requirements for International Students can be found on the  International Students Page.

What Happens After You Apply: Once your online application is submitted, and your supporting documents have been received by the Admissions Office, your file will be evaluated by the Admissions Committee and an admission decision will be rendered. Accepted students will be notified via email by the Admissions Office.

Accepted Students: Once you have been officially accepted into a degree program at CIHS, our Registrar’s Office will send you information on next steps including completing the CIHS Enrollment Agreement forms.  Once you complete and sign your Enrollment Agreement forms, our Registrar will then provide you with your CIHS email address and CIHS student ID number. as well as: 1) information on how to select your first term classes under the guidance of your Program Director, 2) how to register for classes during the registration period using the proper online registration form, 3) how to pay your first term tuition and fees, 4) and how to access your online classes. Finally, you’ll receive information on our new student orientation, which is held online. 

PhD Studentship: Exploring Adult Well-Being After Childhood Traumatic Loss Through a Comprehensive Retrospective Study

University of greenwich - faculty of education, health and human sciences, school of human sciences.

About the research:

We are seeking a dedicated PhD candidate to undertake 3-part mixed-methods research to understand how traumatic loss in childhood affects individuals across their lifespan and to co-design an intervention to enhance well-being in adults who experienced such grief as children.

Traumatic loss during childhood, whether through the death of a loved one or other sudden distressing events, can severely disrupt a young person’s development. It often leads to challenges such as concentration difficulties, guilt, and sleep disruptions, which can persist into adulthood, manifesting as behavioural problems, academic struggles, and even physical health issues. Traditional coping strategies, including trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF-CBT), have limitations, particularly in addressing the diverse ways individuals cope with grief. Creative arts interventions offer promise but require further integration with established therapeutic approaches.

Given the ethical complexities of researching traumatic grief in children, this project will utilize a retrospective approach, focusing on adults who experienced traumatic grief in childhood. This approach will allow the research to explore the long-term consequences of childhood grief and identify effective coping mechanisms that can be translated into therapeutic interventions.

Research objectives: To understand how traumatic loss in childhood affects individuals across their lifespan and to co-design an intervention to enhance well-being in adults who experienced such grief as children. 

Key responsibilities will involve:

Conducting systematic reviews relating to research on childhood traumatic grief.

Designing and conduct research with adult participants to gain insights into their childhood grief experiences.

Recruiting participants for research

Analysing qualitative and quantitative data.

Working closely with participants and relevant stakeholders to co-design an intervention protocol, ensuring it meets the specific needs of the target population.

Contributing to high-impact journal publications and present findings at conferences.

Assisting in preparing grant proposals to secure funding for future research, building on the findings of this project.

About the role:

This role offers a unique opportunity to contribute to a vital area of research that addresses the long-term impacts of childhood traumatic grief. The successful candidate will gain valuable experience in qualitative and mixed methods research, participatory research, and intervention development, while also making a meaningful contribution to improving mental health outcomes for those affected by traumatic loss in childhood.

The doctoral project will enable the student to work closely with academics and practitioners who have a track record of related research in this area. The student will be part of an active community of PhD students based in the Institute for Lifecourse Development (ILD), a key anchor resource at the University of Greenwich. The Institute uses interdisciplinary expertise to promote the lifelong wellbeing of vulnerable and marginalised people in the community.

The PhD candidate will be supervised by Dr Oindrila Dutta, who has a background in psychology, and has conducted extensive research on trauma, grief, and mental health interventions. The supervisory team also involves, Dr Val Tadic, who is the Centre Lead for the ILD Centre for Vulnerable Children and Families and Professor Lesley Dibley, the Centre Lead for Chronic Illness and Aging within the ILD. All supervisors collectively have extensive experience in conducting mixed methods and qualitative research on sensitive topics and involving vulnerable populations. For additional information about the scholarship and to apply please go to:

https://www.gre.ac.uk/docs/rep/communications-and-recruitment/exploring-adult-well-bring-after-childhood-traumatic-loss-through-a-comprehensive-retrospective-study

Funding Comment

Bursary available: £21,237 (FT) + tuition fee contribution; details subject to annual review.

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PhD Studentship: Understanding the Attribute-framing Effect in Risk Communication

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The University of Chicago The Law School

Employment law clinic—significant achievements for 2023-24.

During the past academic year, the Employment Law Clinic has continued its work helping pro se plaintiffs in employment discrimination cases in federal court. This work includes representing pro se plaintiffs as their Settlement Assistance Counsel in individual discrimination cases and representing pro se plaintiffs in their appeals to the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals. In addition, the Employment Law Clinic has expanded its work with pro se plaintiffs by participating in the William J. Hibbler Memorial Pro Se Assistance Program. This program allows students in the Employment Law Clinic to provide pro se plaintiffs with advice about procedural issues in their cases. Some of the significant developments in a few of the Clinic’s cases are detailed below.

Settlement Assistance Cases

Clinical Professor Randall D. Schmidt and his students are appointed on a regular basis to provide representation to pro se plaintiffs at settlement conferences. Since starting this project in early 2021, Professor Schmidt has been appointed as Settlement Assistance Counsel for pro se plaintiffs in twenty employment discrimination cases. Although most of these cases were pending in the Eastern Division of the Northern District of Illinois, he has also been appointed in cases pending the Western Division of the Northern District of Illinois and in the Central District of Illinois.

These cases allow students to interview the client, research the legal and factual issues in the case, draft a settlement demand letter, represent the client at a settlement conference, and, if the case settles, draft the settlement agreement.

Professor Schmidt and his students have been very successful in resolving these cases. Of the twenty cases Professor Schmidt and his students have handled, fourteen were settled after one of more mediation sessions. Five are still pending awaiting the initial or follow-up settlement conference. One case did not settle and the plaintiff recently lost her case when the court granted the defendant’s motion for summary judgment.

Below are a few examples of cases that Professor Schmidt and his students handled during the 2023-24 academic year. Each of these cases resulted in a settlement after one or more mediation sessions. Pursuant to the settlement agreements in these lawsuits the details of the settlements are confidential.

Jackson v. Robert W. Baird & Co. , No. 1:22-cv-04852 (Settled 09/11/23)

In October 2016, Devonia Jackson began working for Robert W. Baird & Co. (“Baird”) as an Administrative Assistant in its Milwaukee, Wisconsin office. Baird is a global investment-banking firm that provides private investment services to mid-market businesses.

While employed by Baird, Ms. Shaw received several promotions and pay increases in recognition of her excellent performance. In 2018, Ms. Jackson relocated to Baird’s Virginia office. In two months she raised concerns over the abusive behavior of a lead banker and transferred to the Chicago office.

In 2020, Ms. Jackson began reporting to a new supervisor. From the beginning of their professional relationship, the new supervisor treated Ms. Jackson differently from other employees. The supervisor was often dismissive of Ms. Jackson’s concerns. Without asking Ms. Jackson, she reassigned Ms. Jackson’s to work with junior bankers. The supervisor told Ms. Jackson that she was “scared of working” with her, despite being Ms. Jackson’s supervisor.

Suddenly and without warning, Baird discharged Ms. Jackson in August 2021. In support of its decision to discharge Ms. Jackson’s termination, Baird cited two incidents in which Ms. Jackson was allegedly insubordinate. Ms. Jackson disputed that she was insubordinate during either incident. Moreover, no one at Baird raised concerns about either incident until Ms. Jackson was discharged. Ms. Jackson’s supervisors neither warned Ms. Jackson about the incidents before her termination nor gave her a chance to explain herself, even though she had a history of being a high-performing employee.

In addition, Baird did not terminate other similarly situated, substantially younger, Administrative Assistants whose job performance and/or behavior at work was alleged to have been insubordinate. After discharging Ms. Jackson, Baird assigned Ms. Jackson’s duties to younger employees.

Finally, after Ms. Jackson left Baird, she found out that between August 2020 and August 2021 Baird terminated ten administrators, all of whom were over the age of forty. The employees who had been terminated were also highly experienced—many had over ten years of experience at Baird— and in an older age group. They, too, were replaced by younger employees.

Ms. Jackson filed a pro se complaint against Baird and alleged that its termination of her employment violated the Age Discrimination in Employment Act. During discovery, the parties indicated to the court that they were interested in participating a settlement conference. Accordingly, the court appointed Professor Schmidt to serve as Mr. Lara’s Settlement Assistance Counsel. The parties were able to agree to a settlement during the initial settlement conference and the case was dismissed.

Johnson v. P.F.A. Systems, Inc. , No. 1:22-cv-0719) (N.D. Ill.) (Settled 03/25/24)

P.F.A. Systems, Inc., is a regional trucking company that transports liquid hazardous materials. P.F.A. hired Seneca Johnson as a truck driver in February 2022. At the time he was hired, Mr. Johnson told his supervisor that as an accommodation to his disability (a lower back injury), he needed to be assigned to drive trucks with automatic transmissions. Mr. Johnson was told that it would not be a problem to provide this accommodation to him.

Despite P.F.A.’s assurance that it would provide Mr. Johnson with an automatic transmission truck, P.F.A. forced Mr. Johnson to drive a 13-speed manual transmission truck, which caused severe pain, numbness in his leg and exacerbated Mr. Johnson’s back injury. Mr. Johnson complained to P.F.A. about its failure to assign him to a truck with an automatic transmission. In response, P.F.A. informed Mr. Johnson that the automatic truck had been given to another driver because that driver’s truck had to be fixed.

A few days later, Mr. Johnson again requested that P.F.A. accommodate his disability by assigning him to a truck with an automatic transmission. His immediate supervisor told him that he needed to “deal with it or find another job.” The supervisor also said, “P.F.A. and I don’t care about people with disabilities. We’re not going to make special accommodations for people with disabilities.” Mr. Johnson told the supervisor that he and P.F.A. were discriminating against people with disabilities. The supervisor retorted that P.F.A. does not hire people with disabilities. In response to Mr. Johnson’s statement that it is against the law for a company to turn down a qualified person because of their disabilities, the supervisor said, “Then you are at the wrong company. We don’t play by those rules.”

A week later. P.F.A. discharged Mr. Johnson claiming it did not have enough work for him. At the same time, P.F.A. was running help wanted ads seeking truck drivers.

Mr. Johnson filed a lawsuit against P.F.A. alleging that it violated the Americans with Disability Act by (1) failing to provide a reasonable accommodation for his disability and (2) retaliating against him for asserting his statutory rights. After most of the discovery had been competed in the case, Professor Schmidt was appointed to represent Mr. Johnson as his Settlement Assistance Counsel. The matter was resolved a few months later.

Lara v. Health Track Sports and Wellness, LLC , No. 1:23-cv-00487 (N.D. Ill.) (Settled 03/19/24)

Lazaro Lara worked for Health Track Sports and Wellness, LLC, (“Health Track”), a health and fitness club, for sixteen years. Mr. Lara was diagnosed with ADHD, anxiety, and depression, which qualifies as an impairment under the Americans with Disabilities Act. Early in his employment, Mr. Lara informed his employers of his disability.

Beginning in April 2020, Health Track subjected Mr. Lara to a severe and pervasive hostile work environment. Mr. Lara’s supervisor and his co-workers routinely harassed Mr. Lara on the basis of his disabilities, calling him “crazy” and taunting him that he “suffer[ed] from schizophrenia.” They hounded Mr. Lara about his medical issues, telling him that his medication was not working and that he needed additional medical intervention. They would change his schedule without notice, including forcing him to work in person during the COVID pandemic while others were allowed to stay home. To ensure compliance with their orders, Health Track threatened to strip Mr. Lara of his health insurance.

Mr. Lara suffered damage to his mental health that significantly affected his quality of life because of the severity of Health Track’s hostile work environment. As Lara’s condition worsened, he took two steps to try to stop the harassment. First, he requested a few specific accommodations: that all of his work tasks be put in writing, that he receive clear instructions, that he be put on a schedule to keep track of his hours and to avoid management changing it without notice, and that he have access to a quiet place as needed. Health Track, however, failed to provide these requested accommodations.

Second, after Health Track ignored his requested accommodations, he filed a charge of discrimination with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in January 2021. In the charge, Mr. Lara alleged that he had requested reasonable accommodations for his disabilities and Health Track refused to provide those accommodations. Mr. Lara further alleged that his co-workers subjected him to harassment because of his disabilities.

Subsequently, in late March 2021, Mr. Lara attended a meeting with his supervisors for the express purpose of discussing Mr. Lara’s accommodations not being met and the harassment. However, during the meeting, the supervisor tried to convince Mr. Lara that he was not mentally stable and that Mr. Lara needed to find someone to “take care of his affairs.” Further, the supervisor told Mr. Lara that he would never allow Mr. Lara to work due to his mental condition—even though Mr. Lara’s doctor had cleared him to work—and that Health Track did not have any hours for him if he tried to return. The supervisor pushed Mr. Lara to resign, guaranteeing him that he could retain health insurance through COBRA or the American Rescue Plan if he chose to resign. Mr. Lara refused to resign at any point during the meeting or thereafter. At the meeting’s end, the supervisor told Mr. Lara to take a few days off, assuring him that Health Track would investigate the issues and get back to him with their conclusions.

The next time Mr. Lara heard from Health Track was two weeks later in April 2021. At that time, Health Track informed Mr. Lara that he had voluntarily resigned and that he was no longer an employee of Health Track.

Mr. Lara filed a lawsuit against Health Track alleging that its actions violated the Americans with Disabilities Act. In his complaint, Mr. Lara alleged that Health Track failed to accommodate Mr. Lara’s disabilities and subjected him to a severe and pervasive hostile work environment due to his disabilities during his employment. Mr. Lara also claimed that his discharge was in retaliation for his filing the EEOC charge and complaining about the discrimination and harassment.

Shortly after the case was filed, the court appointed Professor Schmidt to serve as Mr. Lara’s Settlement Assistance Counsel. After several settlement conferences, the parties were able to agree to a settlement and the case was dismissed.

Shaw v. Chicago School of Professional Psychology , No. 1:23-cv-00631 (N.D. Ill.) (Settled 09/11/23)

Donna Shaw worked for the Chicago School of Professional Psychology (“TCSPP”) for seven years. TCSPP is an accredited, nonprofit university that offers bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degree programs in psychology and related behavioral science fields. TCSPP has in-person campuses in seven metropolitan areas, including Chicago and San Diego, and an online campus.

Throughout her time at TCSPP, Ms. Shaw was discriminated against due to her race, color, and age. Most significantly, Ms. Shaw’s superiors created a hostile work environment for Ms. Shaw and repeatedly denied her promotions to positions that she is qualified to fill. On each occasion, instead of promoting Ms. Shaw, TCSPP promoted younger, less qualified, non-Black individuals. When Ms. Shaw complained about her treatment and the denial of promotions, TCSPP retaliated against her.

Ms. Shaw filed a pro se complaint of discrimination against TCSPP. In her complaint, Ms. Shaw alleged that TCSPP’s failure to take steps to end and prevent the hostile work environment and its failure to promote her violated Title and the Age Discrimination in Employment Act. Shortly after TCSPP filed its answer, the court appointed Professor Schmidt as Ms. Shaw’s Settlement Assistance Counsel and set the case for a settlement conference. The parties were able to reach a settlement during the settlement conference and the case was dismissed.

William J. Hibbler Memorial Pro Se Assistance Program

In early 2024, the Employment Law Clinic expanded its work with pro se litigants by participating in the William J. Hibbler Memorial Pro Se Assistance Program (“Hibler Help Desk”). The Hibbler Help Desk is administered by the People’s Law Center in cooperation with the District Court and the Chicago Bar Foundation. It is “staffed” by volunteer attorneys. It serves pro se litigants in civil cases filed or to be filed in the federal court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern and Western Divisions. A Program attorney provides pro se litigants with limited legal assistance with their cases. In particular, the Hibbler Help Desk provides pro se litigants with help on procedural issues, not substantive legal advice.

The Employment Law Clinic began helping pro se litigants in February 2024. Since then, students in the Clinic have met with and assisted more than twenty-five pro se litigants. The assistance we have provided includes helping clients complete the documents needed to file a pro se employment discrimination complaint; providing guidance on submitting Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(a) initial disclosures, written discovery requests and responses; help in complying with the NDIL’s rules regarding motions to compel discovery; explaining the status of the pro se’s case or appeal; referring clients to resources that could assist them with the substantive legal issues in their cases; and referring pro se’s other providers of civil legal services or to social service agencies.

Appellate Cases

The Employment Law Clinic represents clients in a number of appeals in the US Court Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. In some of these appeals, the Employment Law Clinic represents the appellants in their appeals. In other reconsiderations appeals, the Clinic is contacted and asked to participate as amicus curiae. Students working on these appeals write the briefs and present oral argument to the Seventh Circuit. Both Professor Schmidt and Lecturer in Law James Whitehead supervise the students in the appeals pending in the Seventh Circuit.

Bell v. DeJoy Appeal No. 24-1478 (7th Cir.)

Mary Bell is currently working for the United States Post Office (“Postal Service”). On November 22, 2022, Ms. Bell filed her pro se Complaint alleging that the Postal Service discriminated against her with respect to overtime pay and by refusing to downgrade her position. In response, the Postal Service moved to dismiss the complaint, in part, because Ms. Bell had not received a right-to-sue letter from the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission before filing her complaint. Thus, according to the Postal Service, Ms. Bell’s complaint was premature. Contrary to the Postal Service’s motion, Ms. Bell had in fact received a right-to-sue letter from the EEOC after filing her complaint and prior to the Postal Service’s filing of its motion to dismiss. This fact was not brought to the court’s attention, even though the Postal Service had received a copy of the right-to-sue letter, the court agreed and dismissed the complaint.

The Employment Law Clinic decided to submit an amicus brief in support of Ms. Bell because this case presents several issues of significant importance to the rights of individuals to pursue federal employment discrimination claims in court. In particular, the Employment Law Clinic argues that the district court incorrectly dismissed Ms. Bell’s claims because she had not filed an Amended Complaint raising the claims within ninety days of her receipt of a right-to-sue letter. The court, however, ignored the fact that she had raised the claims in her prematurely filed complaint before receiving the right-to-sue letter. In so doing, the district court disregarded the Seventh Circuit’s settled law that her receipt of the right-to-sue letter before the dismissal of her complaint had cured the Complaint’s premature filing.

The case is currently being briefed.

Miko Thomas v. JBS Green Bay Appeal No. 24-1404 (7th Cir.)

Mr. Thomas works for JBS Green Bay, one of the world’s largest meat producers. In his complaint, he alleged that his employer discriminated against him due to his color with respect to several terms and conditions of his employment, in violation of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Relying on the Seventh Circuit’s standard for establishing justiciable adverse employment actions in discrimination cases, the district court dismissed Mr. Thomas’s Complaint and Amended Complaint. The court concluded that the actions he complained of were not “materially adverse” as a matter of law.

Mr. Thomas appealed and asked the Employment Law Clinic to represent him in his appeal. The Employment Law agreed to do so because of its interest in clarifying what adverse actions are actionable under Title VII, the ADA and other anti-discrimination statutes.

After the Employment Law Clinic agreed to represent Mr. Thomas, and six weeks after the district court’s final decision in Mr. Thomas’s case, the US Supreme Court, on April 17, 2024, issued its opinion in Muldrow v. City of St. Louis , 601 U.S. ___, 144 S. Ct 967 (2024). As the Employment Law Clinic predicted, the Court held that, although an employee must show some harm in order to prevail in a Title VII discrimination suit, an employee does not need to show that the injury satisfies a heightened significance test or was “materially adverse.” In doing so, the Court mentions Seventh Circuit precedent as an example of courts using an incorrect standard for determining what actions constitutes adverse action for purposes of Title VII.

Thus, the primary issue in Thomas is whether the district court erred in dismissing Mr. Thomas’s case in light of the Supreme Court’s opinion in Muldrow.

The case is currently being briefed and an oral argument is expected to take place this fall.

Sapp v. Forest Preserves of Cook County , Appeal No. 22-2865 (7th Cir.)

Tyler Sapp served as a full-time Police Officer for the Forest Preserve District of Cook County, Illinois (“Forest Preserves”) from January 5, 2009, until his employment was terminated in January 2019. In 2018, Mr. Sapp went on a leave of absence under the Family and Medical Leave Act so that he could receive treatment for a for bipolar disorder. In July 2018, he was released by his personal doctor to return to work with no restrictions. The Forest Preserves, however, refused to allow him to return to work and required that he undergo an independent medical examination to determine if Mr. Sapp was fit to return to work from his medical leave. Mr. Sapp agreed to do so. The doctor who performed the IME, however, concluded that Ms. Sapp was unfit to return to work as a Forest Preserves Police Officer. Mr. Sapp then requested that the Forest Preserves engage in an interactive process with him to determine if the Forest Preserves could accommodate his condition. The Forest Preserves refused to do so and instead discharged Mr. Sapp.

Mr. Sapp brought a disability-discrimination claim against the Forest Preserves under the Americans with Disabilities Act. He alleged that he is a qualified individual with a disability and that he had been denied the same terms and conditions afforded to his co-workers who were similarly situated. In particular, Mr. Sapp alleged that the Forest Preserves was aware of his disability and failed to reasonably accommodate his disability despite accommodating the disabilities of other Forest Preserves Police Officers.

After the close of discovery, the parties filed cross-motions for summary judgment. The district court issued its Memorandum Opinion and Order granting summary judgment to the Forest Preserves and denying Mr. Sapp’s motion. Mr. Sapp appealed the court’s decision.

On appeal, Mr. Sapp requested that the Employment Law Clinic represent him in his appeal. The Employment law Clinic agreed to do so. The primary issue the Employment Law Clinic planned to address in the appeal was whether the district court erred in granting summary judgment to the Forest Preserves because a reasonable jury could have found that the Forest Preserves’ failure to engage in the interactive process led to a violation of the ADA due to the failure to identify a reasonable accommodation. Instead of engaging with Mr. Sapp to find a solution, the Forest Preserves thwarted discussions by terminating his employment.

Shortly after filing an appearance in the appeal, the matter was set for mediation before the Seventh Circuit’s Mediation Office. After several mediation sessions, the parties were able to reach a settlement in the case and the appeal was dismissed.

Franklin Township Community School Corporation , Appeal No. 23-2786 (7th Cir)

In 2012, Wesley Tedrow was hired by Franklin Township School Corporation (“School Corporation”) as a teacher. In November 2019, Mr. Tedrow was preliminarily offered a higher-paying position to teach sixth grade at a different school in Indiana. The School Corporation, however, refused to provide Mr. Tedrow with a reference, despite having provided such references in the past. The School Corporation’s refusal to provide the reference resulted in the other school resulting in the rescinding of its offer.

Mr. Tedrow filed a charge of discrimination with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), alleging that the School Corporation declined to provide him with a reference because his sex and disability.

After Mr. Tedrow filed his initial charge, the School Corporation demanded that Mr. Tedrow submit to an Independent Medical Examination to determine if he was using steroids. The IME was inconclusive. The School Corporation then transferred Mr. Tedrow to different school in the district.

Mr. Tedrow filed a second charge with the EEOC alleging that his transfer was discriminatory and in retaliation for his first charge. The EEOC issued Mr. Tedrow a notice of right to sue and Mr. Tedrow filed suit against the School Corporation alleging discrimination and retaliation in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, and the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008.

After discovery was completed, the School Corporation filed a motion for summary judgment on all claims, which was granted by the district court. The court dismissed Mr. Tedrow’s discrimination claims on the basis that: (1) he failed to properly plead his allegation that the School Corporation unlawfully refused to provide him with a reference, and (2) his transfer did not constitute an adverse employment action as required by Title VII because it did not include a reduction in compensation or benefits.

The Employment Law Clinic agreed to represent Mr. Tedrow on appeal because the issue of what constitutes actionable adverse action was an issue that was then pending before the US Supreme Court in in Muldrow v. City of St. Louis , 601 U.S. ___, 144 S. Ct 967 (2024), In addition, several other circuit courts of appeal hard recently issued opinions rejecting their prior precedent on what adverse actions are actionable.

Harris v. Vision Energy LLC , No. C-2300406 (Ohio Ct. App.)

The Employment Law Clinic is often requested to submit amicus briefs in cases in pending before the Illinois Supreme Court, the Illinois Court of Appeals, and appellate courts in other jurisdictions. This year, the Employment Law Clinic was asked to submit an amicus brief concerning the history of the Illinois Wage Payment and Collections Act (“IWPCA”) in Harris v. Vision . The Employment Law Clinic previously submitted a similar brief in Johnson v. Diakon Logistics, 44 F.3d 1048 (7th Cir. 2022).

In Harris , Jeff Harris, a resident of Ohio, worked for Vision Energy, an Ohio company. All of the work Mr. Harris provided to Vision took place in Illinois. In exchange for Mr. Harris’s labor, Vision promised him, among other compensation, a four percent equity interest in a yet-to-be-formed corporation. When Vision failed to pay him the value of the promised equity interest, Mr. Harris filed a complaint against Vision in Ohio to recover that sum under the IWPCA. Vision moved to dismiss Mr. Harris’ IWPCA claim based on a choice-of-law provision in the parties’ contract, which stated that the agreement was to be governed by Ohio law. The court granted Vision’s motion and dismissed the IWPCA claim.

Mr. Harris appealed the court’s dismissal of his IWPCA claim and his counsel requested that the Employment Law Clinic submit a brief explaining the history and strong public policy behind the IWPCA. The Employment Law Clinic agreed to do so and submitted an amicus brief on behalf of Mr. Harris.

In the amicus brief, the Employment Law Clinic argues that the history of the IWPCA and Illinois’s prior wage-theft statutes demonstrates the importance that the Illinois legislature has placed on protecting its workers and the centrality of preventing wage theft to Illinois’s public policy. The amicus brief also demonstrates that Illinois has a materially greater interest than Ohio in the resolution of the dispute because Mr. Harris performed all his work for Vision in Illinois. The lower court’s decision that requires Mr. Harris to bring his wage theft claim against Vision under Ohio’s wage laws, is manifestly repugnant to the fundamental policies of Illinois because Ohio’s wage protection laws would not have provided him with a viable claim or with any remedy for the work he performed solely in Illinois.

Finally, the Employment Law Clinic argued that the choice-of-law provision in the Harris-Vision Agreement did not override the territorial limitations of Ohio’s wage protection statutes, which do not apply extraterritorially to work performed exclusively outside of Ohio. Courts across the country, including Ohio courts, have long recognized that a state’s territorial limitations apply even when that state’s law is selected for application by a choice-of-law provision.

The appeal is pending in the Ohio Court of Appeals.