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Genre: A reflective essay reflects critically on personal experience and opinion in light of broader literature, theories or subject materials. As conventions and expectations may differ across contexts, always check with your lecturer for the specific conventions of the genre.
Context: This short reflective essay and reply was written in response to a weekly assessment task in an atypical development unit that required students to reflect on their own position in relation the following question :
Do Barbie Dolls affect girls' body image? If you had (or have) a young daughter, would you allow her to play with Barbie or Bratz dolls? Why or why not?
Response: Barbie Dolls and Body Image: Just Child’s Play? This title links to the topic of the writing and raises a question that implies a thesis .
Rubric Code: By Ready to use Public Rubric Subject: Type: Grade Levels: 9-12 |
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Reflect personal learning stretch in Science Project | Shows great depth of knowledge and learning, reveals feelings and thoughts, abstract ideas reflected through use of specific details. | Relates learning with research and project, personal and general reflections included, uses concrete language. | Does not go deeply into the reflection of learning, generalizations and limited insight, uses some detail. | Little or no explanation or reflection on learning, no or few details to support reflection. | Shows no evidence of learning or reflection. |
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Organization-Structural Development of the Idea | Writer demonstrates logical and subtle sequencing of ideas through well- developed paragraphs; transitions are used to enhance organization. | Paragraph development present but not perfected. | Logical organization; organization of ideas not fully developed. | No evidence of structure or organization. |
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Conclusion | The conclusion is engaging and restates personal learning. | The conclusion restates the learning. | The conclusion does not adequately restate the learning. | Incomplete and/or unfocused. |
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Mechanics | No errors in punctuation, capitalization and spelling. | Almost no errors in punctuation, capitalization and spelling. | Many errors in punctuation, capitalization and spelling. | Numerous and distracting errors in punctuation, capitalization and spelling. | Not applicable |
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Usage | No errors in sentence structure and word usage. | Almost no errors in sentence structure and word usage. | Many errors in sentence structure and word usage. | Numerous and distracting errors in sentence structure and word usage. | Not applicable |
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Learning outcomes.
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
As you know, one of the most important aspects of improving as a writer is the ability to evaluate yourself and your writing. Certainly, writing assignments help you, but it is important to learn this kind of evaluation for yourself and work to improve. Moreover, as you deconstruct your writing, you will recognize some aspects that carry over to other courses and disciplines, thus demonstrating the universality of writing. Use this rubric to help you plan, write, or review your reflective essay.
| The text always adheres to the “Editing Focus” of this chapter: clear use of pronouns, as discussed in Section 20.6. The text shows ample evidence of the writer’s intent to consciously meet or challenge conventional expectations in rhetorically effective ways. | The writer consistently explains their progress, clearly demonstrating purpose and a combination of thought and narrative in an expert way. Well-chosen transitions and consistently clear connective ideas link the parts of the reflection. | The writer consistently provides meaningful analysis, examples, explanations, observations, speculation, and honest criticism that lead to a thoughtful and purposeful self-evaluation. |
| The text usually adheres to the “Editing Focus” of this chapter: clear use of pronouns, as discussed in Section 20.6. The text shows some evidence of the writer’s intent to consciously meet or challenge conventional expectations in rhetorically effective ways. | The writer explains their progress, clearly demonstrating purpose and a combination of thought and narrative. Transitions, if not always enough, and generally clear connective ideas link the parts of the reflection. | The writer usually provides meaningful analysis, examples, explanations, observations, speculation, and honest criticism that lead to purposeful and thoughtful self-evaluation. However, some areas may be somewhat less developed than others. |
| The text generally adheres to the “Editing Focus” of this chapter: clear use of pronouns, as discussed in Section 20.6. The text shows limited evidence of the writer’s intent to consciously meet or challenge conventional expectations in rhetorically effective ways. | The writer explains their progress, if not always clearly demonstrating purpose and a combination of thought and narrative. Some transitions help achieve coherence, but there are not quite enough, nor are ideas consistently connected. | The writer provides some meaningful analysis, examples, explanations, observations, speculation, and honest, if sometimes superficial, criticism that lead to purposeful and occasionally thoughtful self-evaluation. Some or even most areas may be less developed than others. |
| The text occasionally adheres to the “Editing Focus” of this chapter: clear use of pronouns, as discussed in Section 20.6. The text shows emerging evidence of the writer’s intent to consciously meet or challenge conventional expectations in rhetorically effective ways. | The writer attempts to explain their progress but does not clearly demonstrate purpose or a combination of thought and narrative. There may be too much of one or too little of both. Transitions are either missing or ineffective, as are connecting ideas. The essay may be difficult to follow throughout or in places. | The writer provides a minimum of meaningful details, analysis, examples, explanations, observations, speculation, and honest criticism that lead to purposeful and thoughtful self-evaluation. Some or even most areas may be far less developed than others, or all areas may need considerable elaboration. |
| The text does not adhere to the “Editing Focus” of this chapter: clear use of pronouns, as discussed in Section 20.6. The text shows little to no evidence of the writer’s intent to consciously meet or challenge conventional expectations in rhetorically effective ways. | The paper shows little or no progression through the writer’s growth and demonstrates minimal attention to purpose or a combination of thought and narrative in a useful way. There may be too much of one or too little of both. Transitions are either missing or ineffective, and the essay may be difficult to follow throughout or in places. | The writer provides few meaningful details, analysis, examples, explanations, observations, speculation, or honest criticism that leads to purposeful and thoughtful self-evaluation. Most areas are seriously undeveloped. |
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Teaching Commons > Teaching Guides > Feedback & Grading > Rubrics > Assessing Reflection
Assessing reflection or reflective processes can be particularly challenging. A few examples of this challenge are:
As there is not just one type of student in your classes/programs, there is not one answer to designing high quality assessment techniques for assessing reflection. You must design your reflection assignments as well as your assessments carefully considering your own context.
A few things to consider when you are designing your assessment strategies are:
Hatton and smith (1995).
Hatton and Smith described four progressive levels of reflection, with each increased level indicating more/better reflective processes.
Ash and Clayton describe a guided process for facilitating and assessing reflection. These researchers focus specifically on service learning, but their model could be applied to other types of learning experiences.
Element | Description |
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Mechanics | Consistently avoids typographical, spelling and grammatical errors. |
Connection to Experience | Makes clear the connection(s) between the experience and the dimension being discussed. |
Accuracy | Makes statements of fact that are accurate and supported with evidence; for academic articulated learning statements, accurately identifies, describes, and applies appropriate academic principle(s). |
Clarity | Consistently expands on and expresses ideas in alternative ways, provides examples/illustrations. |
Relevance | Describes learning that is relevant to the articulated learning statement category and keeps the discussion specific to the learning being articulated. |
Depth | Addresses the complexity of the problem; answers important question(s) that are raised; avoids over-simplifying when making connections. |
Breadth | Gives meaningful consideration to alternative points of view and interpretations. |
Logic | Demonstrates a line of reasoning that is logical, with conclusions or goals that follow clearly from it. |
Significance | Draws conclusions, sets goals that address a (the) major issue(s) raised by the experience. |
A rubric is a scoring tool that identifies the different criteria relevant to an assignment, assessment, or learning outcome and states the possible levels of achievement in a specific, clear, and objective way. Use rubrics to assess project-based student work including essays, group projects, creative endeavors, and oral presentations.
Rubrics can help instructors communicate expectations to students and assess student work fairly, consistently and efficiently. Rubrics can provide students with informative feedback on their strengths and weaknesses so that they can reflect on their performance and work on areas that need improvement.
Best practices, moodle how-to guides.
The first step in the rubric creation process is to analyze the assignment or assessment for which you are creating a rubric. To do this, consider the following questions:
Types of rubrics: holistic, analytic/descriptive, single-point
Holistic Rubric. A holistic rubric includes all the criteria (such as clarity, organization, mechanics, etc.) to be considered together and included in a single evaluation. With a holistic rubric, the rater or grader assigns a single score based on an overall judgment of the student’s work, using descriptions of each performance level to assign the score.
Advantages of holistic rubrics:
Disadvantages of holistic rubrics:
Analytic/Descriptive Rubric . An analytic or descriptive rubric often takes the form of a table with the criteria listed in the left column and with levels of performance listed across the top row. Each cell contains a description of what the specified criterion looks like at a given level of performance. Each of the criteria is scored individually.
Advantages of analytic rubrics:
Disadvantages of analytic rubrics:
Single-Point Rubric . A single-point rubric is breaks down the components of an assignment into different criteria, but instead of describing different levels of performance, only the “proficient” level is described. Feedback space is provided for instructors to give individualized comments to help students improve and/or show where they excelled beyond the proficiency descriptors.
Advantages of single-point rubrics:
Disadvantage of analytic rubrics: Requires more work for instructors writing feedback
You might Google, “Rubric for persuasive essay at the college level” and see if there are any publicly available examples to start from. Ask your colleagues if they have used a rubric for a similar assignment. Some examples are also available at the end of this article. These rubrics can be a great starting point for you, but consider steps 3, 4, and 5 below to ensure that the rubric matches your assignment description, learning objectives and expectations.
Make a list of the knowledge and skills are you measuring with the assignment/assessment Refer to your stated learning objectives, the assignment instructions, past examples of student work, etc. for help.
Helpful strategies for defining grading criteria:
Most ratings scales include between 3 and 5 levels. Consider the following questions when designing your rating scale:
Artificial Intelligence tools like Chat GPT have proven to be useful tools for creating a rubric. You will want to engineer your prompt that you provide the AI assistant to ensure you get what you want. For example, you might provide the assignment description, the criteria you feel are important, and the number of levels of performance you want in your prompt. Use the results as a starting point, and adjust the descriptions as needed.
For a single-point rubric , describe what would be considered “proficient,” i.e. B-level work, and provide that description. You might also include suggestions for students outside of the actual rubric about how they might surpass proficient-level work.
For analytic and holistic rubrics , c reate statements of expected performance at each level of the rubric.
Well-written descriptions:
Create your rubric in a table or spreadsheet in Word, Google Docs, Sheets, etc., and then transfer it by typing it into Moodle. You can also use online tools to create the rubric, but you will still have to type the criteria, indicators, levels, etc., into Moodle. Rubric creators: Rubistar , iRubric
Prior to implementing your rubric on a live course, obtain feedback from:
Try out your new rubric on a sample of student work. After you pilot-test your rubric, analyze the results to consider its effectiveness and revise accordingly.
Above Average (4) | Sufficient (3) | Developing (2) | Needs improvement (1) | |
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(Thesis supported by relevant information and ideas | The central purpose of the student work is clear and supporting ideas always are always well-focused. Details are relevant, enrich the work. | The central purpose of the student work is clear and ideas are almost always focused in a way that supports the thesis. Relevant details illustrate the author’s ideas. | The central purpose of the student work is identified. Ideas are mostly focused in a way that supports the thesis. | The purpose of the student work is not well-defined. A number of central ideas do not support the thesis. Thoughts appear disconnected. |
(Sequencing of elements/ ideas) | Information and ideas are presented in a logical sequence which flows naturally and is engaging to the audience. | Information and ideas are presented in a logical sequence which is followed by the reader with little or no difficulty. | Information and ideas are presented in an order that the audience can mostly follow. | Information and ideas are poorly sequenced. The audience has difficulty following the thread of thought. |
(Correctness of grammar and spelling) | Minimal to no distracting errors in grammar and spelling. | The readability of the work is only slightly interrupted by spelling and/or grammatical errors. | Grammatical and/or spelling errors distract from the work. | The readability of the work is seriously hampered by spelling and/or grammatical errors. |
The audience is able to easily identify the central message of the work and is engaged by the paper’s clear focus and relevant details. Information is presented logically and naturally. There are minimal to no distracting errors in grammar and spelling. : The audience is easily able to identify the focus of the student work which is supported by relevant ideas and supporting details. Information is presented in a logical manner that is easily followed. The readability of the work is only slightly interrupted by errors. : The audience can identify the central purpose of the student work without little difficulty and supporting ideas are present and clear. The information is presented in an orderly fashion that can be followed with little difficulty. Grammatical and spelling errors distract from the work. : The audience cannot clearly or easily identify the central ideas or purpose of the student work. Information is presented in a disorganized fashion causing the audience to have difficulty following the author’s ideas. The readability of the work is seriously hampered by errors. |
Advanced (evidence of exceeding standards) | Criteria described a proficient level | Concerns (things that need work) |
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Criteria #1: Description reflecting achievement of proficient level of performance | ||
Criteria #2: Description reflecting achievement of proficient level of performance | ||
Criteria #3: Description reflecting achievement of proficient level of performance | ||
Criteria #4: Description reflecting achievement of proficient level of performance | ||
90-100 points | 80-90 points | <80 points |
Resource type.
Reflective Essay
Learning tips, tricks and hints
High school is a time of great change for most teens. The change is marked by increased responsibilities, increased peer pressure, and the pressures of school. All of these factors make it even more important to use a reflective essay rubric to help students become well-organized in their papers. It is best to get started with the process of organizing a reflective essay on day one.
There are several ways that you can begin to develop a reflective essay rubric for your class. These rubrics will work well for students who are just learning to write essays and who are having difficulty finding good examples.
The first way to get started is to create a table for students to list the essays they have completed. It is important to make sure that this table is available throughout the year so that students can see at any time which types of essays they need to write for the semester. Each student in the class should be given a copy of this table. When they start the project, they should write down each essay they have completed. This way, they will be able to easily see how many are left.
The next step in creating a reflective paper is to take a journal and write down everything that is occurring within the class. Write down when each student was given instructions for an essay, what type of essay they were given to write, and what they were supposed to do throughout the assignment. This helps them see how the class moves through the project.
After students have finished writing their reflective essay rubric, they should be able to see how many papers they have completed. Students who have completed fewer papers tend to give themselves higher grades. However, if there are more students who have completed more papers, it may indicate that the teacher requires students to write essays based on their own standards.
Finally, students should take time to go over their reflective essay rubric. It is important to go over this rubric in detail so that students can become aware of any inconsistencies between their assignments. It is also important to talk to your teacher about whether or not you will need to adjust any parts of the rubric.
Remember that a reflective essay rubric will help students become better organized in their writing and more confident in their own abilities. When students are comfortable with what they have written, they will feel more comfortable with their writing ability. This is one of the benefits to using reflective paper rubrics.
Creating a reflective essay rubric can make a big difference in how well your students can do their assignments. By creating a rubric that works for your students, you will be helping them become more successful students.
One of the biggest reasons that students struggle with their writing in the high school classroom is that they do not have clear goals for the assignment. They tend to feel that their assignment will just come across in the end, but that goal is up to them to determine. They do not have a clear direction as to where they are going with their assignment, what they are trying to accomplish, or how long it will take to complete.
A reflective essay rubric can be helpful in teaching students about their goal, how long they want to accomplish it, and what to do to reach that goal in the high school classroom. When students have a set goal, they will know exactly what to do to get there and will have a sense of direction. when they are writing.
Finally, writing in a reflective essay rubric can help students create clear and concise sentences and paragraphs. This helps them see their work and how important it is to the conclusion of their project.
As students begin to use a reflective essay rubric to their benefit, they will be able to better organize their thoughts and take better care of their projects. They will have clearer ideas and be more successful with their work. They will be better able to express themselves, which is important for writing.
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Reflective Writing Rubric. Demonstrate a conscious and thorough understanding of the writing prompt and the subject matter. This reflection can be used as an example for other students. Demonstrate a thoughtful understanding of the writing prompt and the subject matter. Demonstrate a basic understanding of the writing prompt and the subject matter.
Reflective essay rubric. This is a grading rubric an instructor uses to assess students' work on this type of assignment. It is a sample rubric that needs to be edited to reflect the specifics of a particular assignment. Students can self-assess using the rubric as a checklist before submitting their assignment.
Assessing Reflection Barbara Glesner Fines 2014 . ... Developing a rubric to assess reflection can help crystalize these agreements. ... and proofreading essay for grammar, punctuation, and spelling . Unfocused, unorganized, vague, and sloppy Some focus and organization.
Reflective Writing Rubric Exemplary Proficient Developing Novice Course Content Professor to provide Professor to provide Professor to provide Professor to provide INTELLECTUAL SKILLS Self-Awareness Student questions own biases, stereotypes, preconceptions, and/or assumptions and defines new modes of thinking as a result. Student questions own
Poorly chosen quotations, or ineffective framing and explication of quotations. Consistently imprecise or ambiguous wording, confusing sentence structure. Quotations contradict or confuse student's text. Quotations used to replace student's writing. Presentation.
REFLECTION GUIDE AND RUBRIC. How to Write a Reflection (Reflection Guide) How Reflections Will Be Graded (Rubric) Stages of Reflection Questions To Guide Your Reflection 5 criteria, maximum 2 points each, no half points 0 1 2 What? Briefly describe the event, issue, or situation.
ECTIVE ESSAY ASSESSMENT GUIDELINEWrite a reflective essay of your student‐teaching exper. ce in Placement #1 and #2. The essay must b. 2 1⁄2 ‐ 3 1⁄2 pa. . Use standardized English. The essay must contain all comp. Assessment Formats & Timelines To successfully complete this assignment, ensure that you adhere to c.
Reflective Writing Rubric Criteria Subject Quality Clarity Mechanics Exceeds Expectations Reflection thoroughly addresses the topic and/ or question posed in the prompt. Reflection is thoughtful, carefully written, and demonstrates significant depth of self-reflection on the topic. Reflection is clear, logical, and articulate. Reflection ...
Five-Paragraph Reflective Essay Rubric Name_____ Date_____ Category Requirements 5 - Excellent 4 - Very Good 3 - Satisfactory Needs Improvement Introduction (one paragraph) ... essay includes most of the necessary information, but one element may be missing or the information is slightly disorganized. The body of the
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Reflective essays. Genre: A reflective essay reflects critically on personal experience and opinion in light of broader literature, theories or subject materials. As conventions and expectations may differ across contexts, always check with your lecturer for the specific conventions of the genre. Context: This short reflective essay and reply was written in response to a weekly assessment task ...
Reflective Essay Rubric RT 325 Exam #1 Reflective Essays Rubric Code: L34935. By tiamcmilllan Ready to use Public Rubric Subject: Vocational Type: Writing Grade Levels: 9-12 Desktop Mode Mobile Mode Enter rubric title ...
Reflective Essay Rubric. Shows great depth of knowledge and learning, reveals feelings and thoughts, abstract ideas reflected through use of specific details. Relates learning with research and project, personal and general reflections included, uses concrete language. Does not go deeply into the reflection of learning, generalizations and ...
Use this rubric to help you plan, write, or review your reflective essay. Rubric. Score Critical Language Awareness Clarity and Coherence Rhetorical Choices; 5. Skillful. The text always adheres to the "Editing Focus" of this chapter: clear use of pronouns, as discussed in Section 20.6. The text shows ample evidence of the writer's intent ...
Assessing reflection or reflective processes can be particularly challenging. A few examples of this challenge are: ... Ash and Clayton recommend several ways instructors may use their framework to assess students' reflection. One way is to use a rubric; they provide the top level of achievement for the critical thinking rubric they use for ...
A rubric is a scoring tool that identifies the different criteria relevant to an assignment, assessment, or learning outcome and states the possible levels of achievement in a specific, clear, and objective way. Use rubrics to assess project-based student work including essays, group projects, creative endeavors, and oral presentations.
2. Evidence: Reflective essays 3. Design: • Weekly reflective writing assignments. • Weekly feedback using rubric. • If score a 0 on any rubric category, must revise and resubmit. 4.-6. Gather evidence, draw conclusions, act on results: • Periodically through semester, share with class common strengths and skills to strengthen ...
The rubric in this study served two functions: (1) a guide for students during the reflective writing activity; (2) an assessment tool used by the instructors to assess the reflection levels in students' writing. The same version of rubric was given to both the instructors and the students in the experimental groups in this study.
Reflective thinking is a critical, but often over-looked skill. This simple one page document provides students a clear guide to becoming a more reflective lifelong learner. The document includes details for writing a basic five paragraph essay and a rubric for self, peer, and teacher assessment. It is generic and intended to be used over and over again throughout the school year(s) for ...
Encourage students to interact with the rubric to help them brainstorm initial ideas for their paper/project. Use the rubric for peer review during the drafting process. Students can respond to each other's work throughout all of the writing stages in order to make adjustments. Use the rubric for teacher feedback during the revision process.
A reflective essay rubric can be helpful in teaching students about their goal, how long they want to accomplish it, and what to do to reach that goal in the high school classroom. When students have a set goal, they will know exactly what to do to get there and will have a sense of direction. when they are writing.