Community Practice and Social Development in Social Work pp 129–147 Cite as
Social Protection and Social Development
- James Midgley 4
- Reference work entry
- First Online: 27 May 2020
1275 Accesses
4 Altmetric
Part of the book series: Social Work ((SOWO))
This chapter discusses the role of social protection (also known as social security or income protection) in social development. It traces the expansion of social protection over the last two decades and shows how cash transfers and similar innovative programs are promoting social development by reducing poverty, fostering sustainable economic development, and promoting social justice. The chapter points out that its contribution can be significantly enhanced by improving coverage, administrative efficiency, financing, and integration with national development objectives. These improvements are needed if social protection is to contribute effectively to the goal of achieving well-being and social justice which have long characterized social development policy and practice.
- Social development
- Social protection
- Cash transfers
- Redistribution
- Social justice
- Economic growth
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution .
Buying options
- Available as PDF
- Read on any device
- Instant download
- Own it forever
- Available as EPUB and PDF
- Durable hardcover edition
- Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
- Free shipping worldwide - see info
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Alip JA, Amenomori T (2011) Formalizing grassroots social security: the experience of CARD in the Philippines. In: Midgley J, Hosaka M (eds) Grassroots social security in Asia: mutual aid, microinsurance and social welfare. Routledge, New York, pp 64–78
Google Scholar
Asher MG, Bali AS (2014) Social security reform and economic development: the case of India. In: Hujo K (ed) Reforming pensions in developing and transition countries. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, pp 158–186
Barrientos A (2013) Social assistance in developing countries. Cambridge University Press, New York
Book Google Scholar
Barrientos A, Villa JM (2016) Economic and political inclusion in human development: conditional income transfer programs in Latin America. Soc Pol and Soc 15:421–433
Article Google Scholar
Blyth M (2013) Austerity: the history of a dangerous idea. Oxford University Press, New York
Borzutzky S (2002) Vital connections: politics, social security and inequality in Chile. Notre Dame University Press, Notre Dame
Borzutzky S (2012) Reforming the reform: attempting social solidarity and equity in Chile’s privatized social security system. J Pol Prac 11:77–91
Chen M (2008) A spreading banyan tree: the self-employed women’s association, India. In: Mathie A, Cunningham G (eds) From clients to citizens: communities changing the course of their own development. Intermediate Technology Publications, Rugby, Warwickshire, pp 181–206
Chapter Google Scholar
Crosland CAR (1956) The future of socialism. Jonathan Cape, London
Drolet JL (2014) Social protection and social development: international initiatives. Springer, New York
Dutta P, Howes S, Murgai R (2010) Small but effective: India’s targeted unconditional cash transfers. Ec Pol Weekly XLV:63–70
Ellis F, Devereux S, White P (2009) Social protection in Africa. Edward Elgar, Northampton
Fleischacker S (2004) A short history of distributive justice. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
Grunwald M (2012) The new new Deal: the hidden story of change in the Obama era. Simon and Schuster, New York
Hall A (2017) Cash transfers as social investments: the Brazilian case. In: Midgley J, Dahl E, Conley Wright A (eds) Social investment and social welfare: international and critical perspectives. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp 141–159
Hall A, Midgley J (2004) Social policy for development. Sage, London
Hanlon J, Barrientos A, Hulme D (2010) Just give money to the poor: the development revolution from the global south. Kuamarian Press, Sterlilng
Holmes R, Jones N (2013) Gender and social protection in the developing world: beyond mothers and safety nets. Zed Books, New York
Hulme D, Moore K (2008) Assisting the poorest in Bangladesh: learning from BRAC’s ‘targeting the Ultrapoor’ programme. In: Barientos A, Hulme D (eds) Social protection for the poor and the poorest: concepts, policies and politics. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, pp 194–210
ILO (2014) World social protection report, 2014/15: building economic recovery, inclusive development and social justice. ILO, Geneva
International Labour Organization (ILO) (2014) Social protection floor for a fair and inclusive globalization (report on the social protection floor advisory group – Bachelet report). ILO, Geneva
Levine S, van der Berg S, Yu D (2011) The impact of cash transfers on household welfare in Namibia. Dev S Afr 28:40–59
McCord A (2012) Public works and social protection in sub-Saharan Africa: do public works work for the poor? United Nations. University Press, Tokyo
Mesa-Lago C (1978) Social security in Latin America. University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh
Midgley J (1984) Social security, inequality and the third world. Wiley, Chichester
Midgley J (2008) Social security and the economy: key perspectives. In: Midgley J, Tang KL (eds) Social security, the economy and development. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, pp 51–84
Midgley J (2014) Social development: theory and practice. Sage, London
Mutatkar R (2013) Social protection in India: current approaches and issues. In: Midgley J, Piachaud D (eds) Social protection, economic growth and social change: goals, issues and trajectories in China, India, Brazil and Africa. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp 102–116
Myrdal G (1970) The challenge of world poverty: a world anti-poverty outline. Penguin Books, Harmondsworth
Nyanguru A (2008) Old age pensions and the promotion of the rights of older people in Lesotho. J Soc Dev in Afr 22:89–108
Papadopolous T, Leyer RV (2016) Two decades of social investment in Latin America: outcomes, shortcomings and achievements of conditional cash transfers. Soc Pol and Soc 15:435–499
Patel L (2015) Social welfare and social development. Oxford University Press, Johannesburg
Patel L, Trieghaardt J (2008) South Africa: social security, poverty and development. In: Midgley J, Tang KL (eds) Social security, the economy and development. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, pp 85–109
Patel L, Kaseke K, Midgley J (2012) Indigenous welfare and community-based social development: lessons from Africa and innovations. J Com Prac 20:12–32
Pawar MS (2014) Social and community development practice. Sage, New Delhi
Pellissery S, Walker R (2007) Social security options for informal sector workers in emergent economies and the Asia and Pacific region. Soc Pol and Admin 41:401–409
Queita R (2003) Self-employment assistance program: three decades of enabling people to help themselves. University of Philippines Press, Quezon City
Rawls J (1971) A theory of justice. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
Rawls J (2001) Justice as fairness: a restatement. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
Sabates-Wheeler R, Devereux S (2008) Transformative social protection: the currency of social justice. In: Barientos A, Hulme D (eds) Social protection for the poor and the poorest: concepts, policies and politics. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, pp 64–84
Schultz TW (1959) Investment in man: an economist’s view. Soc Serv Rev 33:209–117
Schultz TW (1962) Reflections on investments in man. J Pol Ec 70:1–8
Seers D (1969) The meaning of development. Int Dev R 11:1–6
Sherraden M (1991) Assets and the poor: a new American welfare policy. M. E. Sharpe, Armonk, NY
Skidelsky R (2009) Keynes: the return of the master. Penguin, London
Soares S (2013) The efficiency and effectiveness of social protection against poverty and inequality in Brazil. In: Midgley J, Piachaud D (eds) Social protection, economic growth and social change: goals, issues and trajectories in China, India, Brazil and Africa. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp 153–165
United States, Inland Revenue Service (2017) Statistics for tax returns with EITC. https://www.eitc.irs.gov/EITC-Central/eitcstats . Accessed 19 Apr 2019
Willmore L (2007) Universal pensions for developing countries. World Dev 35:24–51
World Bank (1975) The assault on world poverty: problems of rural development, education and health. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore
World Bank (1994) Averting the old age crisis. Policies to protect the old and promote growth. World Bank, Washington, DC
World Bank (2009) Conditional cash transfers: reducing present and future poverty. World Bank, Washington, DC
World Bank (2012) Resilience, equity and opportunity: the World Bank’s social protection and labor strategy 2012–2020. World Bank, Washington, DC
Xu Y, Carraro L (2017) Minimum income programme and welfare dependency in China. Int J Soc Wel 26:141–150
Download references
Author information
Authors and affiliations.
University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
James Midgley
You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar
Corresponding author
Correspondence to James Midgley .
Editor information
Editors and affiliations.
Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
University of Calgary, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Julie L. Drolet
Rights and permissions
Reprints and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this entry
Cite this entry.
Midgley, J. (2020). Social Protection and Social Development. In: Todd, S., Drolet, J.L. (eds) Community Practice and Social Development in Social Work. Social Work. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6969-8_7
Download citation
DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6969-8_7
Published : 27 May 2020
Publisher Name : Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN : 978-981-13-6968-1
Online ISBN : 978-981-13-6969-8
eBook Packages : Social Sciences Reference Module Humanities and Social Sciences Reference Module Business, Economics and Social Sciences
Share this entry
Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:
Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.
Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative
- Publish with us
Policies and ethics
- Find a journal
- Track your research
SOCIAL PROTECTION IN THE COOK ISLANDS: A CASE STUDY
Over 90 per cent of Cook Islanders benefit from the Government's Social Protection system, which has helped reduce poverty across the country by over half since it was introduced in 1965. Our P4SP researchers have reviewed how the Cook Islands’ Social Protection programs and policies have worked to achieve these impressive results.
Content Search
Linking cash and voucher assistance with social protection: a case study in gaza, attachments.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
For more effective delivery of assistance to people in a context of complex crisis and to increase their resilience to future shocks, this case study explores the relationship between humanitarian cash and voucher assistance (CVA) and government social protection in Gaza. It discusses the current set-up, what the long-term goals for linking social protection and CVA might be and the short-, medium- and long-term steps needed to get there. The focus is on multipurpose cash assistance (MPCA) and CVA that cover basic needs. More specifically, the topics addressed are:
the similarities and differences between humanitarian CVA and the current social protection programmes in Gaza, and the benefits of linking them;
understanding what the current system is working towards in terms of achieving equity, efficiency or fairness in the social protection system;
policy and programme-related opportunities to align or integrate efforts;
coordination needs and existing mechanisms;
barriers to linking CVA and social protection;
what nexus initiatives there are in CVA and social protection programming; and
recommendations (short-, medium- and long-term) for policy and programme influencing coherent social protection programming.
Related Content
Ifrc statement on the closure of al-amal hospital in gaza [en/ar].
oPt + 1 more
Israel-Palestina: Israel no puede negarse a garantizar la entrega y distribución de ayuda humanitaria
Gaza's children: trapped in a cycle of suffering, gaza: ‘double-digit’ number of children reported killed overnight.
Header menu
- Ambassadors
- Newsletters
- Publications
Global research on governance and social protection (Argentina case study)
This case study covers some of the main social protection system governance strengths and challenges in Argentina, with a view to providing some insights for other countries looking to strengthen and/or consolidate core welfare systems. Argentina stands out as having a relatively centralized and concentrated high-level governance and administrative apparatus in social protection, despite being a large federal country and having undergone significant political and socio-economic debacles in the past three decades. While it faces remaining challenges in terms of the fragmented nature of social protection service delivery and making sure all age groups are covered to the same degree, it is nonetheless a relatively successful case for several reasons.
Related Content
Three models of social protection
Cash benefits to disabled persons in Brazil:...
subscribe to socialprotection.org, subscribe to our mailing list.
Take our 5-minute satisfaction survey and help us to improve our services and initiatives, including the Social Protection Responses to COVID-19 Task Force.
Your opinion is valuable to us. Thank you for your collaboration!
Research Programme on Shock-Responsive Social Protection in the Caribbean
Publications
Lebanon, national poverty targeting programme 2019-2023: evaluation.
Digital Financial Inclusion In Practice: Ghana Brief
Digital Financial Inclusion In Practice: Uganda Brief
Advanced search
Advertisement
Supported by
Eclipses Injured Their Eyes, and the World Never Looked the Same
A number of case studies published after recent total solar eclipses highlight the importance of safe viewing.
- Share full article
By Gina Kolata
A young woman visited New York Eye & Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai Hospital shortly after the eclipse of Aug. 21, 2017. She told Dr. Avnish Deobhakta, an ophthalmologist, that she had a black area in her vision, and then drew a crescent shape for him on a piece of paper.
When Dr. Deobhakta examined her eyes, he was astonished. He saw a burn on her retina that was exactly the same shape. It was “almost like a branding,” he said.
She had looked at the sun during the eclipse without any protection. The burn was an image of the sun’s outer edge.
With every eclipse, ophthalmologists see patients who looked at the sun and complain afterward that their vision is distorted: They see small black spots, their eyes are watery and sensitive to light. Usually, the symptoms resolve, although it may take several weeks to a year.
But the woman’s retinal burns, which Dr. Deobhakta and colleagues described in a medical case write-up, would not heal. Her retina was permanently scarred and a sign of the severity of injuries that can follow looking at an eclipse without proper precautions.
With the coming eclipse in April, ophthalmologists advise people to be careful and not assume that short glances at the sun are safe. Damage can occur, they say, in less than a minute.
David Calkins, director of the Vanderbilt Vision Research Center and vice chair of the Vanderbilt Eye Institute in Nashville, said younger people were most at risk of retinal injury, possibly because the lens of their eye is clearer than the lens in older people. He said they also may be a bit more reckless.
But age is no guarantee of safe eclipse viewing.
A study described 20 people aged 15 to 82 in England who complained of symptoms like black spots in their vision or blurry vision after an eclipse in 1999. Four said they used eclipse glasses; one said she used sunglasses. The rest looked with naked eyes.
Five had visible damage to their retinas. All but four of the 20 were better after seven months.
Not everyone is so lucky. A study published last year involved four young Irish women who looked at the sun during a religious gathering in October 2009 . The women, who did not know one another, sought medical attention within a few days of looking at the sun. They complained of blind spots in the center of their vision and said objects appeared distorted and blurred.
Investigators from Galway University Hospital followed up with the women for an average of more than five years. One was followed for 11 years.
Years later, the researchers reported, all of the women still had the blind spots.
For Dr. Deobhakta, the situation with the woman in 2017 is a cautionary tale.
While she did put on protective glasses for part of her viewing of the eclipse, she at first looked at it several times for about six seconds each time without protection.
She felt fine for four hours. Then her symptoms emerged: blurred vision, distorted shapes and colors, and that crescent-shaped black spot in the center of her vision with her left eye.
Most people look at an eclipse through special eclipse glasses. Often the glasses have a cardboard body with special film in the eyeholes that filters out harmful rays.
Dr. Deobhakta said he did not trust many of the eclipse glasses being sold and felt it was not worth taking a chance on them. He prefers an indirect method that involves using pinholes, like in a colander, to cast the sun’s shadow on the ground.
Professional groups say many eclipse glasses are safe but urge caution when buying them. The American Astronomical Society reported that potentially unsafe eclipse glasses flooded the market before the 2017 eclipse.
To help people find eclipse glasses, the astronomical society lists reliable sellers and distributors.
Legitimate eclipse glasses must meet specific international safety standards known as ISO 12312-2. Testing requires a spectrophotometer that measures how much ultraviolet, visible and infrared light gets through the glasses.
But an ISO logo on the glasses is not necessarily an assurance, the astronomical society warns, because dealers can — and some do — snatch an ISO logo from the internet and put it on their glasses.
Rick Fienberg, project manager of the astronomical society’s Solar Eclipse Task Force, said counterfeiting companies were also putting the names of legitimate distributors on their products. That doesn’t necessarily mean they’re unsafe, he added. But it does mean that the seller, or the company that sold it the products, is committing fraud.
Dr. Fienberg suggests buying directly from a seller on the astronomical society’s list.
But, he said, if you are worried about your glasses, there is a way to see if they are effective. Look around a room with the eclipse glasses on. The glasses should be so dark you can’t see anything. Then, go outside and glance at the sun with the glasses on. You probably are safe, he said, if you can see the sun through the lenses and “the image is sharp and comfortably bright.”
Dr. Deobhakta still worries. He says he knows he is overly cautious but can’t help warning people about the coming eclipse.
“Do not look at it whether you have glasses or not,” he said. “I’m not going to let my family members look at it. I’m a doctor. That’s why I say what I say. I saw what happened.”
An earlier version of this article, using information from a doctor, misstated the source of a woman’s eye injury. She looked at the sun’s outer edge, not its corona.
How we handle corrections
Gina Kolata reports on diseases and treatments, how treatments are discovered and tested, and how they affect people. More about Gina Kolata
- High contrast
- Our mandate
- Our history
- Annual report
- PRESS CENTRE
Search UNICEF
For every child, answers
Research and foresight that drive change for children
Latest work
Youth, Protests and the Polycrisis
Exploring how youth protests can help to build public support for change
Early Childhood Education Systems in Pacific Islands
Status report
Cash Plus Model for Safe Transitions to Healthy Adulthood
Examining the impacts of “Ujana Salama” (‘Safe Youth’ in Swahili), a cash plus programme targeting adolescents in the United Republic of Tanzania
The Impact of Valor Criança
Social cash transfer pilot programme in Angola
The Impact of the Cash Transfer Intervention
In the commune of Nsélé in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Mitigating the socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19
With a cash transfer in peri-urban Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Prospects for Children: A Global Outlook 2024
Cooperation in a Fragmented World: Discover the eight trends that will define the year ahead for children and young people.
Data Must Speak: Chad
Reports and project briefs
Areas of work
Adolescent participation and civic engagement
Child protection
Climate crisis and the environment
Digital technology
Education and human capital
Health and well-being
Inclusion and equity
Poverty and social protection
Social and behaviour change
The State of the World’s Children
UNICEF’s flagship report – the most comprehensive analysis of global trends affecting children
Changing Childhood Project
What is childhood like today?
Prospects for Children: Global Outlook
An annual analysis of trends shaping the world and their impact on children
Report Card
Understanding child well-being everywhere
Our approach
UNICEF Innocenti works for and with children and young people to seek solutions to their most pressing challenges. As we focus on the rights and lives of children and young people, we always ask: Who else can we include? Will this work cause unintended harm? Are there events that could surprise us? Does this work drive change?
Events and insights
Six ways to make Loss and Damage finance work for children
Climate change is hurting kids. Here is how we can address the harm
The Antidote to Ageism
Understanding the importance of intergenerational collaboration
Celebrating women in education
A closer look at female teachers and school leaders
As they move
Child and youth experiences of migration, displacement and return in Afghanistan
Launch of UNICEF's Youth Foresight Playbook
28 November 2023, Dubai Future Forum
Expert consultation on age-related public expenditure
12-13 April 2023
The Third Annual KIX Symposium
12-13 October 2022
UNICEF at the International SBCC Summit 2022
5-9 December 2022
Become an Innocenti Insider
Receive the latest research and event invites in your inbox once a month
IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
In a grounded case study of social protection systems in three countries in the Pacific region, Jolly et al. (2015) explore the effectiveness of national social protection systems for Indigenous women, who will continue to 'fall through the net' unless system design takes into consideration traditional ways of relating as well as gender norms.
LEARNINGS ON LINING HUMANITARIAN CASH & SOCIAL PROTECTION Case Study 1 The role of policy in creating the conditions of humanitarian cash and social protection linkages 2 1. Policy 1.1 Introduction To share learning from the COVID-19 pandemic, the Grand Bar-gain Cash Workstream Sub-Group on Linking Humanitarian Cash
Shock-responsive social protection systems, when designed appropriately, can have transformative impacts particularly on vulnerable groups including women and girls and children with disabilities. ... This compendium of case studies provides a detailed look at UNICEF's role in the effective delivery of social protection responses through the ...
Responsive Social Protection Compendium of Case Studies' for G20 Disaster Risk Reduction Working Group. The case studies - from India and around the world - show how shock responsive social protection approaches have been successfully used in response to disasters and shocks, including
The global health pandemic due to COVID-19 has demonstrated the importance of expanding and adapting social protection measures. As the global spread of the virus moves from Europe, North America and East Asia to increasingly lower middle income and lower income countries, now is the time for innovation to support the health and well-being of people.
Overseas Development Institute 203 Blackfriars Road, London, SE1 8NJ Tel: +44 (0)20 7922 0300 Fax: +44 (0)20 7922 0399 www.odi.org.uk Disclaimer: The views presented in this paper
The WFP Centre of Excellence commissioned the Economic Policy Research Institute (EPRI), based in South Africa, to analyze the cases of Ethiopia, the Gambia, Kenya, Mozambique, and Zambia and launched a new publication that gathers five papers about social protection in those African countries. Called "Case studies on social protection and food and nutrition security", the publication ...
Country Case Studies. Leveraging social protection and economic inclusion interventions for agrifood system transformation - A case study of Peru 07 September 2023. ... Work area: Social Protection and Resilience. Country: Malawi. Emerging evidence suggests that rural children, particularly older girls in low-income countries, are at risk of ...
One of many early examples of studies of the impact of social protection on households is Hulme and Moore's ... Hall A (2017) Cash transfers as social investments: the Brazilian case. In: Midgley J, Dahl E, Conley Wright A (eds) Social investment and social welfare: international and critical perspectives. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp 141-159
The case study was written by Gabrielle Smith, independent consultant, with the kind contribution of stakeholders in UNICEF Tajikistan, WFP Tajikistan and USAID Tajikistan. These include Yusuf Bafozoda, UNICEF social policy specialist; Jamshed Hasanov, ... social protection measures in response to the pandemic as of June 2020. Social assistance ...
Caribbean where several governments have used social protection programmes and systems to reach people impacted by disasters. This report studies the case of Jamaica and identifies the factors that would allow the social protection system to be more responsive. The box below briefly summarises the theoretical framework for this case study.
Samuel Hall 2014, Social Protection System: An Afghan case study _ for UNICEF Afghanistan. Samuel Hall encourages the dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce ...
As all these case studies indicate, there is no "one size fits all" in achieving universal social protection objectives. Every country has its own vision and path for achieving it, depending on the country priorities, financing and implementation capacity. These are the first publications concerning this issue under the Global Partnership ...
Over 90 per cent of Cook Islanders benefit from the Government's Social Protection system, which has helped reduce poverty across the country by over half since it was introduced in 1965. Our P4SP researchers have reviewed how the Cook Islands' Social Protection programs and policies have worked to achieve these impressive results. Attachments:
Economic: this dimension is important for understanding how social protection affects social cohesion through poverty, vulnerability, inequality and insecurity. Here we can draw in particular on theories of the drivers and effects of poverty, vulnerability and inequality. Figure 1: Different dimensions of social cohesion.
The country case study was one of a series of four case studies produced under the task: Making Social Protection Systems More Responsive to Natural Disasters/Hazards in East Asia and the Pacific. Financial support to prepare those studies was provided by the Rapid Social Response (RSR) trust fund. The other three case studies in the four-part ...
Evaluation and Lessons Learned in English on occupied Palestinian territory about Health and Protection and Human Rights; published on 22 Aug 2022 by Oxfam
The 17 case studies (8 from India and 9 from other countries)3 presented in this document showcase different dimensions of hock- Responsive Social Protection. For instance, the India case studies from CARE, the German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ), Youth for Unity and Voluntary Action (YUVA), International Institute for Environment ...
Urban green development is a way of economic growth and social development aiming at efficiency, harmony and sustainability, and in recent years urban green development has become an important trend for future urban development. In this study, Hefei City is selected as the study area, and a comprehensive green-development model is constructed by applying the system dynamics method, which ...
English. This case study covers some of the main social protection system governance strengths and challenges in Argentina, with a view to providing some insights for other countries looking to strengthen and/or consolidate core welfare systems. Argentina stands out as having a relatively centralized and concentrated high-level governance and ...
The objective of these studies is to generate evidence and inform practice for improved emergency preparedness and response in the Caribbean region linked to more flexible national social protection systems. The main research question for these studies is: 'What factors enable social protection systems to be more responsive to shocks'?
Social media marketing plays a relevant role in the brand promotion of enterprises owing to its advantages of rapid and diversified communication with consumers. The Chinese Internet enterprise Alipay launched Ant Forest as a mobile application with gamified social functions, bringing consumer-brand engagement. Ant Forest provides a variety of gamification functions (e.g. point, leaderboard ...
Social protection covers the range of policies and programmes needed to reduce the lifelong consequences of poverty and exclusion. Programmes like cash transfers - including child grants, school meals, skills development and more - help connect families with health care, nutritious food and quality education to give all children, no matter what circumstances they are born into, a fair ...
A number of case studies published after recent total solar eclipses highlight the importance of safe viewing. By Gina Kolata A young woman visited New York Eye & Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai ...
Poverty and social protection. Social and behaviour change. Explore our areas of work. Spotlight Global, multidisciplinary projects and flagship reports Link. The State of the World's Children UNICEF's flagship report - the most comprehensive analysis of global trends affecting children