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Free Paraphrasing Tool

Paraphrase text effortlessly with AI Sparks, a powerful paraphraser by ProWritingAid.

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Why choose our paraphrasing tool?

Choose how to paraphrase.

Expand text, enhance readability, or even add descriptive detail.

Paraphrase in the click of a button. If you’re not satisfied with the result, simply try again.

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Enhance the structure and vocabulary of your text without removing key information.

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Power up your writing with ProWritingAid

Our paraphrasing tool reworks vocabulary, sentence structure, and syntax to create new, high-quality content that resonates with your readers.

Find the best way to express your ideas with AI Sparks, a powerful paraphraser. Explore options to enhance readability, expand text, change tense, or even add descriptive detail.

Correct grammar and spelling

Whether you’re working on a quick email or a full-length novel, ProWritingAid catches grammar and spelling errors as you write so no pesky mistakes slip through.

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Assess your writing with 25+ reports, including established readability tests, sentence structure analysis, overused words, and more.

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Experiment with AI Sparks Continue to find fresh ideas to continue your writing. Add new lines of dialogue, find an interesting analogy, formulate a counterargument, and more.

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I am continually impressed with the positive input this program offers me every time I sit down to write. My skills have improved immensely since I bought it and heartily recommend it to anyone who wants to have more confidence in their own writing.

Ginger Wakem

I’ve tried every free and paid writing/editing/grammar extension out there and this by far is the best one my team and I have found. It’s fast, accurate and really helps improve your writing beyond simple grammar suggestions.

Joel Widmer

ProWritingAid has been a resource in my writer toolkit for many years. The program helps me to craft and clarify my stories for a better reader experience. Your editor will thank you for making their job easier.

Siera London

Works wherever you do

Use our paraphrasing tool to get writing suggestions across all the apps you use.

Paraphrasing Tool FAQs

What is prowritingaid.

ProWritingAid is a grammar checker, paraphraser, and writing coach all in one helpful tool.

By signing up for a ProWritingAid account, you gain access to various features. These include advanced grammar and spelling checks, style suggestions, AI capabilities for rewriting text and generating ideas, as well as over 25 other reports to help you improve and polish your writing.

Is ProWritingAid free?

A free account allows you to edit and run reports on up to 500 words. It also gives you three AI Sparks per day, which is needed to paraphrase text. If you want more, you’ll need to upgrade to a paid plan .

How do I access the paraphraser in-app?

Highlight the text you want to paraphrase, then click “ Sparks. ” Next, choose how you want to paraphrase. You can expand text, improve readability, change tense, or even add descriptive detail using the Sensory mode.

What software integrations does ProWritingAid offer?

ProWritingAid seamlessly integrates with MS Word, Google Docs, Scrivener, Atticus, Vellum, and more. We also offer browser extensions (Google Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Microsoft Edge), so you can work almost anywhere online.

Does ProWritingAid have a plagiarism checker?

Yes! ProWritingAid’s plagiarism checker will check your work against over a billion web pages, published works, and academic papers, so you can be sure of its originality. Find out more about pricing for plagiarism checks here .

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Paraphrasing Tool

Future of Writing your AI writing Assistant- Rewording

Rewording Offer a Premier Paraphrasing Solution!

Our AI writing assistant can boost your writing at Rewording, Time saving in rephrase of sentences and phara rephrase. This feature is powered with Rewording cutting-edge to any text, sentence, paragraph, essay, or article online. Select your language while para phrase io, and be an expert in seconds.

How to Use Rewording Paraphraser?

Optimizing writing development with rewording our ultimate re phrase tool para phraser io glance at all powered by ai writing assistant technology. save your time.

Set your power how much you want 45% to 100% text to change.

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Select your tone Normal, Fun, or Creative voice out your words.

Simple Copy-paste, drag and drop, or upload text from images and documents.

History auto saver by registering your account at the rewording paraphrasing tool.

Explore and find your perfect combination of synonyms.

Scan up to 10,000 characters at once for phara rephrase your words.

Confidence is an advanced and unique work.

Why Use Rewording Paraphaser?

Rewording unique features do you have content that needs to be paraphrased and translated into another language we've got you covered you can translate into any language you desire while paraphrasing it. try it your self, now.

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Highlights, rewording is an eager friendly, like you student or professional, simply rephrase sentences or text from essays, and articles in any language and para phraser io at any language and easy-adjust your word power from 40% to 100% with our re phrase tool. and simple copy-paste, drag and drop, or upload text from images and documents..

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Top 3 Benefits Just for You!

Trusted by over 10,000 users

Over 1,000,000 hours saved

10,000 character limit

Rewording.io is a free AI-powered online paraphrasing tool and grammar checker that helps you save time and avoid accidental plagiarism. Rewording.io has one of the highest character limits (10,000 characters) compared to other rewording tools. This tool is developed by a small team who wants to help writers create high-quality content across the web, fast and accurately! Turn manual writing processes into automated processes with our content rewriter, it’s simple and free.

How does paraphrasing work?

Paraphrase can refresh your sentence by replacing best synonyms and putting some ideas in your own text with the help of AI technology.

What’s the difference between paraphrasing and summarizing?

Paraphrasing is using existing content but writing it in a different way to make it your own but With Summarizer, you can take control of your content's presentation.

Is Rewording.io free to use?

When using Rewording.io for the first time, you receive 1 free credit. Creating an account grants you another free credit. If you exhaust your free credits, you can buy additional ones at affordable prices. Thank you for your support!

How much does Rewording.io cost?

It costs 1 credit each time you use our Paraphrasing tool or our Summarizing tool. It costs 5 credits each time you use our Plagiarism checking tool. Our cheapest plan starts at just 20 credits for $1.60. The more credits you purchase, the bigger discount you get. We also have monthly subscription and bulk credit purchase options available.

Do I need to create an account?

You can reword any text 1 time without creating an account. If you sign up for an account you will earn 1 free additional credit and you will have a higher character limit. You will also have access to a dashboard that contains your paraphrasing history, and you can also purchase more credits for your account when you’re signed in.

What is the best paraphrasing and rewording tool?

The best paraphrasing tool is one that has high credit limits, affordable plans, and different languages to choose from. Don’t settle for less - get the best by using Rewording.io for all your paraphrasing needs.

Is paraphrasing cheating?

No, paraphrasing is not cheating when done correctly. When paraphrasing, you should also add your own thoughts so you don’t repeat what has already been said. You should also cite the original author so you are not taking credit from them and passing the work off as your own.

Are paraphrasing tools illegal?

It is not illegal to use a paraphrasing tool. When you paraphrase text, that text becomes completely new. Every sentence becomes unique, especially when using the power of AI to help you choose the best synonyms.

Do paraphrasing tools plagiarise?

No, paraphrasing tools do not plagiarize, they use state-of-the-art AI technology to turn unoriginal sentences into original sentences. A paraphraser tool helps you create completely original and unique content that does not exist anywhere else.

Do credits expire?

If you purchase pay-as-you-go credits, those credits never expire. If you purchase a monthly subscription, then your credits will be reset at the end of the month and any unused credits will expire. Unused credits do not roll-over to the next month.

How can I contact you?

You can email us at [email protected]

Word Changer [100% Free Essay Rewriter Online]

Word Changer

• Duplicate Text
• Rewording Suggestions

Paste (Ctrl + V) your article below then click Submit to watch this article rewriter do it's thing!

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Manage the spinned words as you want..

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About Word Changer

Word Changer is a free online tool by SEO Tools Centre which would help you easily change words for paragraphs, essays, articles or any kind of piece of writing that you want. This tool offers the best content rewording performance that would allow you to paraphrase formal business as well as academic documents with ease.        

What is the World’s Best Essay Word Changer?

Expressing an existing idea in a new way can get quite overwhelming sometimes. When rewriting a piece of content, you can always do better by using unique words and structuring your content in a way that feels appealing to the reader.

But this also gives rise to a problem. What if you can’t come up with new words to reword the piece of writing? Or worse, what if you have a lot of different synonyms for a word and you can’t get yourself to choose one?

This is where the Word Changer Online comes to rescue!

Through its intelligent design, this software will come up with just the right words for your essay or article that you can use to take the effectiveness of that piece of writing to a whole new level.

This tool carefully analyzes the context of your writing, understands what it is about and then comes up with words and phrases that can be used in the place of the original content.

This tool will prove to be a huge time saver for you, especially when you are on a deadline and you have to reword a lot of content in that limited time.     

Paragraph Word Changer That’s Easy to Use

This tool delivers excellent rewording performance, better than most free online paraphrasing tools. And it does it in a more intuitive way than other tools.

You’d find this tool to be simple to use. All the features of this tool are displayed in a clear ways so that even if you are a new users and you’ve never used the article rewriting tool before; this essay changer will make the job entirely easy for you.   

Best Tool for Students

Preparing academic documents like essays, thesis, reports and papers is quite challenging. Your entire learning experience as well as your academic future also depends on these documents to some extent. You want to do everything that you can to create the best piece of writing that gets you’re the grade that you want.

Essay Changer Online can prove to be quite useful for students. They can use this tool to learn about different ways they can write the same piece of content. This will get the students to learn about different types of writings and would help them build their writing skills. Not to mention the time students will be saving by rewording documents with this amazingly powerful tool.          

Write SEO Friendly Content in a Natural Way

Content is a crucial need for every online business. Written content is what google bases its website ranking on. Coming up with new content is not always easy. And if you are not consistently coming up with new content, your website ranking is bound to go down.

With the essay changer tool, you’d be able to rewrite existing content in the fastest way possible. This tool works a lot like plagiarism remover and allows you to come up with unique content that is SEO friendly as well as feels natural to the reader.   

How does this SEOToolsCentre’s Word Reworder Work?

This tool works a lot like an online thesaurus, but the fact that it can reword an entire essay in a short amount of time, and this is what makes it stand out from the rest of the rewording tools online. This tool is powerful and efficient. It understands how natural writing works and it uses the same rewriting tone as used by humans.

This tool is Ai based and it keeps learning new ways to be better. The more you use this tool, the better it would get at rewording the content for you.    

How to use SEOToolsCentre’s Word's Changer Tool?

• First, select the words replacer tool   https://seotoolscentre.com/word-changer .

• Copy and paste the text that you want to rewrite in this tool.

• Select the your required language .

• Hit Enter or click on the given spin button to start processing.

• Wait for a few minutes and replace your favourite suggestions .

• Copy and use the converted text any way you want or download the text file format.

•  You may click the Try New Document to change for the words for another document.

Word Changer Tool Best Features

Free, Fast and Simple Word Changer : This tool delivers super-fast performance in record time. It is faster than most of the free text changer tools that you can find out there. It is simple and comes with easy navigation experience. 

Ai Based Writing Assistant : The word changer is Artificial Intelligence based so its paraphrasing performance would be better than most of the tools that you find out there. It would convert and rewrite your essays in a more effective way.     

Plagiarism Changer for All Types of Content : You can use this tool to rewrite sentences and remove plagiarism from it. Whether it is web content or an academic piece of writing, this tool will make the process of removing plagiarism simpler and easy for you.  

Web App That Works on Cloud Servers : The word changer works in the web browser. It won’t use your local system resources. You are just going to need a web browser like chrome for using this software. 

Supported by All Mainstream Web Browsers : This word changer works on all web browsers like Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, Chrome and so much more. You can even use this rewording tool on your mobile device.  

STC Word Changer’s FAQs

What is word changer and how does it work.

A word changer is a paraphrasing tool that allows you to reword a piece of writing with ease. With this tool, the user can rewrite any kind of content that they want. It works like an online thesaurus but can convert large lengths of content easily.

Why use the Word Changer Tool?

When you are having a hard time rewording a piece of writing, add it into this tool and it will take care of the rest. This tool helps students as well as digital marketers come up with fresh and plagiarism free content using an existing piece of writing.      

What is the best word changer online?

The Word Changer by SEO Tools Centre is the best tool that you can find for paraphrasing and rewriting essays, articles, reports, thesis etc. This tool is free and works in a fast and efficient way.   

How can I reword an academic article into an interesting book?

You can reword an academic article using the free Word Changer by SEO Tools Centre. This tool will maintain the formatting of the content and will help you reword academic article using rich and rare words.

How to change the words in an essay with ease?

You can use this Word Changer tool for changing words in an essay. This tool makes the process of rewriting much easier and simpler for its users.   

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Change Essay Words: Free & Online Tool

Change any text with this paraphrasing tool in 3 steps:

• Paste the text to change.
• Set the percentage to be paraphrased.
• Click on "Paraphrase" and receive your new text.

Words to change

Paraphrasing is one of the most crucial skills in essay writing. It enhances the clarity and coherence of an essay and allows you to use sources without plagiarism. However, manually changing the words might be too time-consuming for students with tight deadlines.

We've designed an online free tool to change essay words for you in a few easy clicks. Continue reading to learn more about our paraphrasing software and effective rewording strategies.

• 🧰 How to Use the Tool

✍️ How to Change Essay Words

• 🤩 Tool Benefits

🔗 References

🧰 change essay words: how to use the tool.

By paraphrasing, students can avoid plagiarism and showcase their unique perspectives on a topic. You can paraphrase texts manually if you want to improve your rewording skills. Alternatively, try our tool to change essay words quickly and get high quality.

Here's a small guide on how to use our online word changer:

• Choose the text you want to paraphrase and paste it into the tool.
• Choose the percentage of words you would like to be rephrased.
• Click the "Paraphrase" button and edit the text if needed.

Note that if you click on any word in the paraphrased version of your text, you can see its possible synonyms. The tool allows you to experiment with rewording as much as you want until you get the perfect result.

There's no universal rule for efficient paraphrasing because everything depends on your goal. This section will provide the best rewording tips for avoiding plagiarism and making your text longer or shorter.

To Avoid Plagiarism

It's not enough to replace some words with synonyms to avoid plagiarism. Besides changing the vocabulary, you should use different sentence structures . Change the order of words, use synonyms, and vary the sentence length to make your paraphrase different from the original. You should also give credit to your source using in-text citations formatted according to your chosen citation style.

Wondering how this strategy works in practice? Check out the example!

To Make an Essay Shorter

If you need to paraphrase a text to make it shorter, you should first identify the key ideas and concepts that must be retained in the reworded version. Then you should eliminate unnecessary details and repetitions .

Here are some types of words that can often be cut out to make the text shorter.

Let's see how it works on an example:

👎 Original sentence: Due to the fact that I was feeling extremely tired and exhausted, I decided to go to bed early in order to get some much-needed rest.

👍 Shorter paraphrased sentence: Feeling very tired, I went to bed early to rest.

To Make an Essay Longer

If you need to write a long essay but cannot reach the word count, don't try to raise the font size or put extra spaces. Your teacher will likely notice that something is wrong.

Instead, you can paraphrase to make the text longer. Try to incorporate transitional words and phrases like "in addition," "moreover," or "furthermore" to connect sentences and provide a more extensive discussion of the topic.

Make sure not to use contractions, such as "don't" or "isn't" — they are inappropriate in academic writing and make your essay shorter.

And finally, check if you've included everything on the rubric and haven't missed any essay part, such as an introduction or a conclusion. After all, you can always add more arguments or examples to add length and depth to your paper.

To Make Your Writing Clearer

Remember that paraphrasing is not simply about making the essay shorter or longer but about conveying information more effectively. Here are some of the most powerful tips to make your writing clearer:

• Beak down complex ideas into more digestible parts , ensuring their meaning remains the same.
• Remove or rephrase all wordy and redundant phrases in your essay to convey your intended meaning more directly.
• Be cautious of nominalizations — nouns made from verbs or adjectives. They are often part of wordy phrases that can be substituted with a single word. For example, instead of saying "gave an approvement," simply put "approved."
• Use active voice whenever possible to make your essay more engaging and understandable.
• Never leave out words like "this," "that," "these," and "those" without a noun they refer to.

Let's consider examples to see how paraphrasing can help clarify the content.

🤩 Change Words to Avoid Plagiarism: Tool Benefits

Several benefits make our paraphrasing tool stand out among similar rewording software. Check them out below:

• It's free. You get unlimited attempts to paraphrase any text with no hidden payments.
• It suggests synonyms. Our paraphrasing tool lets you choose from various synonyms for words or phrases in the original text. This feature allows for greater flexibility and customization in the rephrasing process.
• It's adjustable. The tool allows you to set the percentage of words that should be reworded in the paraphrased version.
• It maintains the text's original meaning. The tool ensures that the paraphrased content remains accurate while presenting it in a new and unique way.
• It's limitless. It allows you to paraphrase the text as many times as you want until you're pleased with the results.

❓ Word Changer FAQ

❓ how to change words to avoid plagiarism.

You can always use our online essay changer to make any text original and avoid plagiarism. However, if you want to paraphrase manually, follow this simple guide. Start by reading the original content thoroughly to understand its meaning. Then, rephrase the sentences using synonyms, different sentence structures, and alternative word choices. Finally, review the paraphrased text for coherence and accuracy.

❓ How to Change an Essay into Your Own Words?

To rewrite an essay into your own words, read it carefully, take notes, and work on each paragraph individually. You should keep the content-specific vocabulary untouched. Use synonyms and alter the sentence structure for the rest of the text. After rewriting the entire essay, read through it to check for any errors or areas that may still resemble the original too closely.

❓ What Words to Change to Make an Essay Longer?

Replace general or vague terms with specific and descriptive words to make an essay longer. Add transitional phrases to connect your thoughts and create a smooth flow. Use subordinating conjunctions (such as "although," "while," and "because") to create complex sentences that convey more information and depth. However, avoid adding unnecessary filler words or repeating information to reach a word count.

• Paraphrase: Write It in Your Own Words | Purdue Online Writing Lab
• Avoiding Plagiarism – Paraphrasing | Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 7 Tips for Clear and Concise Writing | MasterClass
• 10 Tips for Writing Clear, Concise Sentences | YourDictionary
• Paraphrasing | La Trobe University

Essay Changer for Any Occasion: Free, Original, Safe, & Fast

• No suggestions
• Suggested replacement
• Average match
• Below average match
• 👣 What Does the Tool Do?
• 🤔 When to Use It?
• 🎊 Essay Changer Benefits
• 📑 Paraphrased Results
• 🛠️ Tools for Essay Rewording

🔗 References

👣 5-step essay changer – what does it do.

Essay changer is an online essay rephrasing tool. It can quickly paraphrase a paragraph, sentence, or entire essay for free. We developed the best essay rewriter to help students successfully deal with their written assignments. With this essay changer, you’ll need to make five steps to get your text rephrased:

• Choose the text you would like to paraphrase. Paste it into our tool.
• Select the percentage of words you need to rephrase.
• Click the “Rephrase” button.
• Receive your paraphrased text in no time & for free.
• Choose some synonyms manually if necessary.

🤔 When to Use Essay Word Changer?

Essay Changer is a helpful online rephrasing tool that can serve various purposes.

Refer to Other Sources

Rule #1 of referring to other sources in your writing – avoid plagiarism. Students often need to reference other scientific papers to demonstrate their knowledge. With the help of the essay changer, you can address any source by simply rephrasing it.

Change the Text

Sometimes you need to repeat your thought, but in other words. Try using the essay changer to rewrite your main ideas (thesis statement or arguments). You can also use our free online rewriter to edit your text if you feel like you need some other wording.

Polish Your Writing

Written assignments in English can be incredibly challenging. If English is not your native language, you can improve it significantly by using our paraphrasing tool. This essay changer will increase the quality of essays written by everyone, especially non-native speakers.

Make SEO-Friendly Text

If you work as a copywriter or SEO writer (or plan to), you know how important unique texts on the site are. Essay changer helps avoid plagiarism and creates catchy titles and memorable website content.

🎊 Essay Changer Benefits – Free & Safe Tool

There are numerous ways in which essay changer can benefit your writings. Consider the following advantages our paraphrase tool has.

• It was specifically designed for students. We developed an essay changer to rewrite academic texts and help students avoid plagiarism. You don’t have to worry about the uniqueness of your texts anymore, even if you use various sources.
• It is possible to choose the share of paraphrased words. If the original text you’ve selected contains the necessary terminology you want to stick to, you can simply choose a smaller number of words for paraphrasing.
• It is user-friendly and 100% free. Our tool works as a copy-and-paste essay changer. It takes almost no time to process your text and provide you with the best version possible. Moreover, we care about students’ needs and deliver essay changer services completely for free.
• It has high rephrasing quality. We aim to make your text readable and easy to follow by choosing the most suitable synonyms. Essay changer provides high rephrasing quality to make the original writing only better.

📑 Results of an Essay Changer Generator

To illustrate how essay changer works, we’ve developed an example. The following text is a passage from Taylor Swift’s NYU commencement speech in 2022.

• With the help of accurate synonyms, the essay changer paraphrased the original text but kept the author’s tone of voice.
• The paraphrasing results help avoid plagiarism but, at the same time, clearly reflect the initial ideas.
• After the paraphrasing, the text has become more precise. The essay changer replaced too wordy sentences with shorter linking phrases.
• The results of paraphrasing help to build a better connection with readers. The rephrased version highlights all the important points, while less informative parts are left out.

🛠️ Tools for Better Essay Rewording

To improve your writing, you can use other tools. We recommend combining synonym generators and plagiarism checkers. Check them out below.

Online Synonym Generators

Here’s the list of online synonym generators that will help you reword your texts with better alternatives.

WordNet Search is a helpful tool demonstrating how synonyms are used in different sentences and contexts.

Synonym.com is a user-friendly tool that provides all the existing synonyms and antonyms with brief definitions for better understanding.

What makes Thesaurus so special is that it presents synonyms by ranging them from the most to least accurate ones.

This database collects the synonyms from various online dictionaries, giving users a wide range of words.

Lexico.com is the perfect tool when you are looking for synonyms for your academic writing. All the synonyms presented on the website are chosen from the Oxford dictionary.

Plagiarism Checkers

Plagiarism checkers are lifesavers for many students since plagiarism is entirely prohibited in the academic community. Before submitting your written assignments, we recommend always checking them with the help of one of these tools.

Grammarly’s plagiarism checker not only calculates the amount of plagiarism the text consists of but also highlights the sentences taken from other recourses. This feature makes editing and paraphrasing so much easier!

This magic tool is designed for students to create original content. Overnight Essay offers a completely free and easy–to–use plagiarism detector. You can upload different document formats, and don’t worry about their safety – privacy is the top priority of the service.

SmallSeoTools.com is another helpful plagiarism checker that is 100% free. You simply copy and paste the paragraph you need to check into the box on the website. It takes almost no time for SmallSeoTools.com to scan for duplicated content.

How to change words in my essay?

Editing and proofreading are essential steps when writing an essay. If your paper needs rewriting, remove complex structures and focus on the key points. Keep the basic terminology connected with your research topic, and look for the parts where you can elaborate.

How to reword an essay fast?

Use the essay changer – our online essay rephrasing tool, to paraphrase your paper quickly and adequately. We designed an essay changer to help students with their academic writings for free. Another great feature of our essay changer is that you can choose the percentage of words needed to paraphrase.

Why is it important to paraphrase?

Paraphrasing is crucial because it demonstrates your understanding of a research topic. Paraphrasing also provides an alternative to direct quotes. Overall, paraphrasing makes it possible to create unique and readable content.

How to rewrite a paragraph to avoid plagiarism?

To avoid plagiarism, we recommend using online synonyms generators and plagiarism checkers. These tools are beneficial if you mix various sources in your writing. If you struggle with paraphrasing by yourself, you can always apply to our free retype generator .

• Paraphrasing | La Trobe University
• Avoiding Plagiarism – Paraphrasing | Academic Integrity at MIT
• Paraphrasing // Purdue Writing Lab
• Paraphrasing – Research Process Step-by-Step | The University of Texas at Arlington
• How to Avoid Plagiarism: 5 Easy Methods | Grammarly

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• 40 Useful Words and Phrases for Top-Notch Essays

To be truly brilliant, an essay needs to utilise the right language. You could make a great point, but if it’s not intelligently articulated, you almost needn’t have bothered.

Developing the language skills to build an argument and to write persuasively is crucial if you’re to write outstanding essays every time. In this article, we’re going to equip you with the words and phrases you need to write a top-notch essay, along with examples of how to utilise them.

It’s by no means an exhaustive list, and there will often be other ways of using the words and phrases we describe that we won’t have room to include, but there should be more than enough below to help you make an instant improvement to your essay-writing skills.

If you’re interested in developing your language and persuasive skills, Oxford Royale offers summer courses at its Oxford Summer School , Cambridge Summer School , London Summer School , San Francisco Summer School and Yale Summer School . You can study courses to learn english , prepare for careers in law , medicine , business , engineering and leadership.

General explaining

Let’s start by looking at language for general explanations of complex points.

1. In order to

Usage: “In order to” can be used to introduce an explanation for the purpose of an argument. Example: “In order to understand X, we need first to understand Y.”

2. In other words

Usage: Use “in other words” when you want to express something in a different way (more simply), to make it easier to understand, or to emphasise or expand on a point. Example: “Frogs are amphibians. In other words, they live on the land and in the water.”

3. To put it another way

Usage: This phrase is another way of saying “in other words”, and can be used in particularly complex points, when you feel that an alternative way of wording a problem may help the reader achieve a better understanding of its significance. Example: “Plants rely on photosynthesis. To put it another way, they will die without the sun.”

4. That is to say

Usage: “That is” and “that is to say” can be used to add further detail to your explanation, or to be more precise. Example: “Whales are mammals. That is to say, they must breathe air.”

5. To that end

Usage: Use “to that end” or “to this end” in a similar way to “in order to” or “so”. Example: “Zoologists have long sought to understand how animals communicate with each other. To that end, a new study has been launched that looks at elephant sounds and their possible meanings.”

Adding additional information to support a point

Students often make the mistake of using synonyms of “and” each time they want to add further information in support of a point they’re making, or to build an argument . Here are some cleverer ways of doing this.

6. Moreover

Usage: Employ “moreover” at the start of a sentence to add extra information in support of a point you’re making. Example: “Moreover, the results of a recent piece of research provide compelling evidence in support of…”

7. Furthermore

Usage:This is also generally used at the start of a sentence, to add extra information. Example: “Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that…”

8. What’s more

Usage: This is used in the same way as “moreover” and “furthermore”. Example: “What’s more, this isn’t the only evidence that supports this hypothesis.”

9. Likewise

Usage: Use “likewise” when you want to talk about something that agrees with what you’ve just mentioned. Example: “Scholar A believes X. Likewise, Scholar B argues compellingly in favour of this point of view.”

10. Similarly

Usage: Use “similarly” in the same way as “likewise”. Example: “Audiences at the time reacted with shock to Beethoven’s new work, because it was very different to what they were used to. Similarly, we have a tendency to react with surprise to the unfamiliar.”

11. Another key thing to remember

Usage: Use the phrase “another key point to remember” or “another key fact to remember” to introduce additional facts without using the word “also”. Example: “As a Romantic, Blake was a proponent of a closer relationship between humans and nature. Another key point to remember is that Blake was writing during the Industrial Revolution, which had a major impact on the world around him.”

12. As well as

Usage: Use “as well as” instead of “also” or “and”. Example: “Scholar A argued that this was due to X, as well as Y.”

13. Not only… but also

Usage: This wording is used to add an extra piece of information, often something that’s in some way more surprising or unexpected than the first piece of information. Example: “Not only did Edmund Hillary have the honour of being the first to reach the summit of Everest, but he was also appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire.”

14. Coupled with

Usage: Used when considering two or more arguments at a time. Example: “Coupled with the literary evidence, the statistics paint a compelling view of…”

15. Firstly, secondly, thirdly…

Usage: This can be used to structure an argument, presenting facts clearly one after the other. Example: “There are many points in support of this view. Firstly, X. Secondly, Y. And thirdly, Z.

16. Not to mention/to say nothing of

Usage: “Not to mention” and “to say nothing of” can be used to add extra information with a bit of emphasis. Example: “The war caused unprecedented suffering to millions of people, not to mention its impact on the country’s economy.”

Words and phrases for demonstrating contrast

When you’re developing an argument, you will often need to present contrasting or opposing opinions or evidence – “it could show this, but it could also show this”, or “X says this, but Y disagrees”. This section covers words you can use instead of the “but” in these examples, to make your writing sound more intelligent and interesting.

17. However

Usage: Use “however” to introduce a point that disagrees with what you’ve just said. Example: “Scholar A thinks this. However, Scholar B reached a different conclusion.”

18. On the other hand

Usage: Usage of this phrase includes introducing a contrasting interpretation of the same piece of evidence, a different piece of evidence that suggests something else, or an opposing opinion. Example: “The historical evidence appears to suggest a clear-cut situation. On the other hand, the archaeological evidence presents a somewhat less straightforward picture of what happened that day.”

19. Having said that

Usage: Used in a similar manner to “on the other hand” or “but”. Example: “The historians are unanimous in telling us X, an agreement that suggests that this version of events must be an accurate account. Having said that, the archaeology tells a different story.”

20. By contrast/in comparison

Usage: Use “by contrast” or “in comparison” when you’re comparing and contrasting pieces of evidence. Example: “Scholar A’s opinion, then, is based on insufficient evidence. By contrast, Scholar B’s opinion seems more plausible.”

21. Then again

Usage: Use this to cast doubt on an assertion. Example: “Writer A asserts that this was the reason for what happened. Then again, it’s possible that he was being paid to say this.”

22. That said

Usage: This is used in the same way as “then again”. Example: “The evidence ostensibly appears to point to this conclusion. That said, much of the evidence is unreliable at best.”

Usage: Use this when you want to introduce a contrasting idea. Example: “Much of scholarship has focused on this evidence. Yet not everyone agrees that this is the most important aspect of the situation.”

Adding a proviso or acknowledging reservations

Sometimes, you may need to acknowledge a shortfalling in a piece of evidence, or add a proviso. Here are some ways of doing so.

24. Despite this

Usage: Use “despite this” or “in spite of this” when you want to outline a point that stands regardless of a shortfalling in the evidence. Example: “The sample size was small, but the results were important despite this.”

25. With this in mind

Usage: Use this when you want your reader to consider a point in the knowledge of something else. Example: “We’ve seen that the methods used in the 19th century study did not always live up to the rigorous standards expected in scientific research today, which makes it difficult to draw definite conclusions. With this in mind, let’s look at a more recent study to see how the results compare.”

26. Provided that

Usage: This means “on condition that”. You can also say “providing that” or just “providing” to mean the same thing. Example: “We may use this as evidence to support our argument, provided that we bear in mind the limitations of the methods used to obtain it.”

27. In view of/in light of

Usage: These phrases are used when something has shed light on something else. Example: “In light of the evidence from the 2013 study, we have a better understanding of…”

28. Nonetheless

Usage: This is similar to “despite this”. Example: “The study had its limitations, but it was nonetheless groundbreaking for its day.”

29. Nevertheless

Usage: This is the same as “nonetheless”. Example: “The study was flawed, but it was important nevertheless.”

30. Notwithstanding

Usage: This is another way of saying “nonetheless”. Example: “Notwithstanding the limitations of the methodology used, it was an important study in the development of how we view the workings of the human mind.”

Giving examples

Good essays always back up points with examples, but it’s going to get boring if you use the expression “for example” every time. Here are a couple of other ways of saying the same thing.

31. For instance

Example: “Some birds migrate to avoid harsher winter climates. Swallows, for instance, leave the UK in early winter and fly south…”

32. To give an illustration

Example: “To give an illustration of what I mean, let’s look at the case of…”

Signifying importance

When you want to demonstrate that a point is particularly important, there are several ways of highlighting it as such.

33. Significantly

Usage: Used to introduce a point that is loaded with meaning that might not be immediately apparent. Example: “Significantly, Tacitus omits to tell us the kind of gossip prevalent in Suetonius’ accounts of the same period.”

34. Notably

Usage: This can be used to mean “significantly” (as above), and it can also be used interchangeably with “in particular” (the example below demonstrates the first of these ways of using it). Example: “Actual figures are notably absent from Scholar A’s analysis.”

35. Importantly

Usage: Use “importantly” interchangeably with “significantly”. Example: “Importantly, Scholar A was being employed by X when he wrote this work, and was presumably therefore under pressure to portray the situation more favourably than he perhaps might otherwise have done.”

Summarising

You’ve almost made it to the end of the essay, but your work isn’t over yet. You need to end by wrapping up everything you’ve talked about, showing that you’ve considered the arguments on both sides and reached the most likely conclusion. Here are some words and phrases to help you.

36. In conclusion

Usage: Typically used to introduce the concluding paragraph or sentence of an essay, summarising what you’ve discussed in a broad overview. Example: “In conclusion, the evidence points almost exclusively to Argument A.”

37. Above all

Usage: Used to signify what you believe to be the most significant point, and the main takeaway from the essay. Example: “Above all, it seems pertinent to remember that…”

38. Persuasive

Usage: This is a useful word to use when summarising which argument you find most convincing. Example: “Scholar A’s point – that Constanze Mozart was motivated by financial gain – seems to me to be the most persuasive argument for her actions following Mozart’s death.”

39. Compelling

Usage: Use in the same way as “persuasive” above. Example: “The most compelling argument is presented by Scholar A.”

40. All things considered

Usage: This means “taking everything into account”. Example: “All things considered, it seems reasonable to assume that…”

How many of these words and phrases will you get into your next essay? And are any of your favourite essay terms missing from our list? Let us know in the comments below, or get in touch here to find out more about courses that can help you with your essays.

At Oxford Royale Academy, we offer a number of  summer school courses for young people who are keen to improve their essay writing skills. Click here to apply for one of our courses today, including law , business , medicine  and engineering .

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Sample Original:

Sample output:.

Rewordify.com

Understand what you read.

Rewordify is a feature in Read&Write for Google Chrome , a literacy support tool that helps learners to improve their reading and comprehension.

Rewordify.com is powerful, free, online software that improves reading, learning, and teaching. This site can:

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Rewordify.com's amazing features have helped millions of people read billions of words more easily.

The site is free and child-safe . Use it now; there's no software to install. Try the online demo and the first-time user guide . Teachers: You can print free, full-color literature to get started. Scroll down for more info...

Read smarter now.

Rewordify.com simplifies difficult English. Enter hard sentences (or whole chapters) into the yellow box at the top of the page. (You can also enter a web site URL.) Click Rewordify text and you'll instantly see an easier version, for fast understanding. The reworded words are highlighted— click them to hear and learn the original harder word. You can change how the highlighting works to match the way you learn!

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Learn your way.

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Now you can easily get your students involved in their learning: let them select the text that interests them. Let them print and complete the activities with which they're most comfortable. Imagine each student learning vocabulary customized to his or her interests, while you have time to teach instead of typing. Could differentiation by interest or readiness be any easier? You can start doing it today, for free .

Teach more, type less.

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Type (or copy-paste) in any block of text in the yellow box at the top of this page, click Rewordify text , and click the Print/Learning activities button. Here's how . You (or your students!) can select from a rich variety of quizzes and learning activities, with or without answer keys.

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Just log in, rewordify something, and click the Share button.

Select how public or private you want the document, enter the title, author, etc., and you're done!

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Improve learning outcomes.

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(In a hurry? Log in. Click Educator Central at the top.)

In a few minutes, you can create student accounts on Rewordify.com, and easily monitor your students' reading and learning progress. Get actionable learning and error analytics as your students read and learn from any document you post, or from any document or web page they want to read.

Imagine each student learning different words based on his or her interest or ability level. It's easy to do: Rewordify.com designs and teaches individualized vocabulary lessons with our highly effective Learning Sessions , so you have the time to teach students the important stuff: how to learn, how to break through obstacles, how to believe the words "I can do it."

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Effectively match interventions with students, based on detailed error breakdowns that let you see what you need to see in a few clicks.

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Start using it now: Log in and click on Educator Central at the top. Read more about Educator Central.

It's free, fast, and safe.

Rewordify.com is free online software. You're using it now. There's nothing to buy or install. It works on any computer, tablet, or smartphone. Just point your browser to Rewordify.com and start reading and learning. Yes, it's tablet-friendly—no mouse needed. Yes, your whole school district can create teacher and student accounts, without entering any personal information . When? Now.

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It's fast. Wasting your (and your students' time) is bad. That's why Rewordify.com was designed from the ground up to be lightning-fast and use very little data. The site doesn't have a hundred images of puppies and kittens and a hundred links to a hundred lists. What it does have is speed and ease of use, which are very nice when you have to teach a room full of teenagers. Or adults.

It's an app. Want the app? You're using it. Wasn't that easy? The site is a web app, which is great for you, because you get almost-daily site updates automatically —so you can read and learn, not download and install app updates.

We keep kids safe online. Rewordify.com requires no personal information . Student accounts are completely anonymous and cannot post or share anything. Read more about how we protect children's privacy .

Rewordify.com can display simplified versions of web pages. Our state-of-the-art web filtering technology blocks millions of inappropriate sites and questionable language, to protect kids online and keep them reading only what they should be reading. Read more about how we protect children from inappropriate material .

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Get started now.

Here's what to do next:

First, do the demo. You'll be an expert in five minutes: Click here for the demo.

Learn the site, step by step. Our First-Time User Guide clearly shows you how to get started.

Teachers: Learn about Educator Central and all it can do to help improve student learning outcomes. Also, you can print lots of free, full-color literature to help you get started in the classroom.

Have some fun. Are you up for a vocabulary challenge? Play Rewordo. Be aware: it's not easy.

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Check out the goodies. You can install our One-Click Learning browser applet that lets you rewordify most web pages in one click. Our cool (and free, of course) School Clock tells you the current time and date, what class period you're currently in, countdowns to the next period, and more. You can customize it for any school's schedule, and make as many different School Clocks as you have different day schedules. Use it now .

Show the love! Please tell us about mistakes the site makes when "rewording" and defining words. That feedback is the single most valuable thing you can do to help the site (and learners around the world). Click here to contact us. Do you want to help defray the site's operating costs, and read a great thriller at the same time? You can! Get your copy of Electric Dawn .

Contact us. We want to help you! Please use the Contact page with any questions or comments.

Site summary: Rewordify.com helps with reading comprehension and vocabulary development by simplifying English to a lower reading level. It lets you reword a sentence or reword a paragraph. It will simplify English by reducing text complexity. It's a dictionary alternative that will improve comprehension and teach vocabulary. It's an important part of reading instruction and vocabulary instruction for ESL students, people with reading disabilities, people with a learning disability, or anyone who wants to improve reading skill.

35650 / 8.2

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Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.

The Online Writing Lab at Purdue University houses writing resources and instructional material, and we provide these as a free service of the Writing Lab at Purdue. Students, members of the community, and users worldwide will find information to assist with many writing projects. Teachers and trainers may use this material for in-class and out-of-class instruction.

The Purdue On-Campus Writing Lab and Purdue Online Writing Lab assist clients in their development as writers—no matter what their skill level—with on-campus consultations, online participation, and community engagement. The Purdue Writing Lab serves the Purdue, West Lafayette, campus and coordinates with local literacy initiatives. The Purdue OWL offers global support through online reference materials and services.

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The Purdue OWL® is committed to supporting  students, instructors, and writers by offering a wide range of resources that are developed and revised with them in mind. To do this, the OWL team is always exploring possibilties for a better design, allowing accessibility and user experience to guide our process. As the OWL undergoes some changes, we welcome your feedback and suggestions by email at any time.

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How to Improve Your Essay Writing Skills in 10 Simple Steps

• Smodin Editorial Team
• Updated: May 5, 2024

What makes an A essay different from a B essay? What makes one essay stand out among countless submissions while others barely make the grade?

The answer lies in both the content and the execution of your writing. Strong content that is poorly executed can lead to disappointing results, just as weak content cannot be saved by writing style alone.

A strong essay needs to be balanced. The writing should be informative and exciting but also fun to read. At the same time, your grammar, syntax, and punctuation should be on point.

If you’re struggling to make the grade and are unsure what you’re doing wrong, this article will cover ten basic strategies for improving your writing skills.

With a bit of understanding and a steady commitment to improving your craft, you should see a noticeable increase in your essay grades.

These strategies will help refine your writing style and structure while enhancing your analytical thinking and argumentative skills. We’ll also discuss some AI tools you can use starting today to make the essay writing process more fun and manageable.

1. Read a Lot

To truly master the art of writing, you must read as much as you can. To the best of your ability, immerse yourself in various texts and read across different genres and disciplines.

One of the best things you can do in essay writing is study published essays and periodicals to better understand how accomplished writers develop their arguments and maintain flow.

Of course, reading is a time-consuming activity. If you want to expand your knowledge without spending hours at a time in the library, consider using Smodin AI to help.

Smodin’s AI Summarizer can help you take long pieces of text and create an extractive or abstractive summary. This way, you can read a portion of the text and use AI to grasp the main points and key arguments without dedicating too much time to each piece.

Using this approach, you can cover a broader range of materials in a shorter time, particularly useful if you’re juggling multiple assignments or subjects during midterms or finals week.

2. Understand the Topic

A solid understanding of your essay topic is crucial to producing an engaging and insightful piece of writing. One of the worst things you can do as a student is to submit a paper without thoroughly researching and understanding the topic.

In other words, read the instructions before writing a single word. Invest however much time you need in researching and gathering relevant information.

Don’t rush the process, and take the time to build a strong foundation for your arguments. Study the counterarguments and ensure that your thesis is factually accurate and thoroughly thought-out.

That said, if you’re sitting at your desk, struggling to figure out where to start, or need help comprehending the topic, Smodin’s AI Chat can help you gather your thoughts.

The chat can help you understand complex topics using real-time Google Insights and provide instant access to a wealth of information with a single click.

3. Outline Your Essay

Even the best writers outline their writing before they begin. Creating an outline is crucial to organizing your thoughts and structuring your essay so it flows logically and cohesively.

When writing an essay, your topic will often take on new dimensions as you delve deeper into your research. Sometimes, your essay ends far off course and entirely different from what you envisioned.

An evolving outline can help you manage these ideas and ensure they are woven into your essay in a way that is meaningful and makes sense.

Any piece of writing needs a roadmap, whether it’s essays, articles, short stories, novels, or nonfiction books. Your ideas need to progress logically from one point to another so that they are persuasive and easy for your reader to follow.

Remember, effective time management is one of the secrets to writing an effective essay. That’s why it’s essential to use AI tools like Smodin to optimize your outlining process.

4. Master the Basics

A strong command of grammar, syntax, and punctuation is fundamental to writing an A-level essay. While most teachers and professors will not deduct points for an occasional misspelling or comma splice, too many mistakes will leave a negative impression on your reader.

The good news is that mastering the basics of writing has never been easier, thanks to the rise of AI. Do your best to practice the basics of good writing using ordinary resources like grammar guides and books, then use AI to enhance your knowledge.

In this area, Smodin has several tools that can help. The AI Rewriter can help you rewrite or completely recreate a piece of text to optimize the content so it is polished and easy to read.

You can also use the AI Chat feature to ask any question you like about grammar rules or stylistic choices, ensuring that you understand the fundamental principles of good writing.

5. Nail the Intro

The introduction of your essay sets the tone and hooks the reader. It also helps you make a strong impression and stand out among your peers.

A compelling intro should start with a strong first sentence that piques curiosity and leads the reader to the second sentence. That second sentence should lead the reader directly to the third, and so on.

Always do your best to think of a solid opening statement or pose a thought-provoking question. Remember, your essay is just one of many essays the teacher or professor must read, so you must do everything possible to stand out.

You want a clear and concise thesis that sets up the arguments you will develop throughout the body of your essay. Smodin’s AI Essay Writer can help you craft essays with compelling titles and opening paragraphs.

If you want to go the extra mile, consider trying the “Supercharge” option to tap into the power of a much more advanced and sophisticated AI model to take your writing to the next level.

6. Use the Active Voice

Generally, the active voice is more engaging and easy to read than the passive voice. Active voice constructions are more direct and energetic. They keep the reader engaged and make statements that are easier to visualize.

For example, compare the active sentence “The scientist conducted the experiment” with the passive “The experiment was conducted by the researcher.”

The active voice allows you to clearly identify who is taking action. This helps make your writing more assertive and easy to understand.

However, there are situations where the passive voice is appropriate or even necessary. For instance, if the person taking action is unknown, irrelevant, or obvious from the context, the passive voice might be the better choice.

For example, in scientific or formal reports, the passive voice is often used to create an impersonal tone and to emphasize the action rather than the person.

In most cases, you should use the active voice to make your arguments more engaging and your prose easier to follow.

7. Avoid Repetition

If you’ve ever tried to “word stuff” an essay to get to a specific word count, you know how easy it can be to repeat yourself accidentally. To keep your essay engaging, always do your best to avoid unnecessary repetition of words or ideas.

Never use the same word too often, especially in the same paragraph. Varying your language and sentence structure can help keep the reader engaged and create a pleasant cadence for your essay.

Always avoid rehashing the same ideas twice unless necessary to your thesis or argument. When in doubt, use Smodin’s Essay Writer to help structure your essays with a clear flow and easy-to-understand introductions and conclusions.

8. Get Feedback

Receiving feedback is one of the most effective ways to improve your writing. Of course, your teacher’s or professor’s feedback matters the most, but what if you want feedback before the final submission?

Seek constructive criticism from peers or tutors who can look at your writing and give you feedback to help you improve your writing. Being able to seek out and incorporate feedback is one of the most vital skills a student can have.

Also, consider using an AI tool like Smodin that can draw upon hundreds of thousands of published and peer-reviewed academic articles as a basis of comparison. By tapping into the unlimited power of AI, you can easily create essays that match college-level writing standards.

9. Organize Your References

Managing and organizing references can become overwhelming during the research phase of writing an essay.

It’s crucial to keep track of all the sources you consult to maintain academic integrity and avoid plagiarism. This is where tools like Smodin’s Research Paper Generator come into play.

Smodin’s Automatic References tool utilizes AI-powered algorithms to generate accurate citations. It pulls information from reliable databases like Google and Google Scholar, ensuring each reference is precise and meets academic standards.

This feature is a time-saver and a crucial component for any student who wants to ensure their work is appropriately credited and free of plagiarism concerns.

This tool streamlines the process of citation creation. The Automatic References feature formats each reference correctly according to your chosen style guide, whether it’s APA, MLA, Chicago, or another academic citation format.

This allows you to focus more on the content of your essay rather than the tedious task of manual citation. It’s like having a personal assistant at the click of a button.

10. Revise, Revise, Revise

The single best thing you can do to improve your writing is to get into a habit of constant revision. Try to write your essay as far in advance so that you can let it sit for a while and revisit it with fresh eyes.

You may be surprised how many areas of improvement become apparent after taking a short break. Allowing your writing to breathe after the initial draft can dramatically enhance its quality.

The three main things you want to look for are ways to improve clarity, strengthen your argument, and refine your language.

Of course, Smodin’s Rewriter Tool can help you do just that. Using this tool, you can easily see and improve sections that need rephrasing. Use this technology alongside your own manual refinements to create a tone and style that aligns with your voice and creates a unique style.

Then, once you’re 99% done and happy with your essay, run it through the Plagiarism and AI Content Detector to ensure its complete academic integrity.

Ultimately, your ability to improve your essay writing skills will depend on your level of dedication. Spend as much time as you can mastering the above techniques and consistently practice.

Remember, AI tools like Smodin have made essay writing more accessible than ever before. If you need help with essays and consistently bring home B, C, or even D-level papers, Smodin’s array of AI tools is what you need to take your writing to the next level-

• AI tutoring for students
• AI content detection
• Plagiarism checker
• Essay, research paper, and article writing features
• Text summarizer
• Homework solver

When you sign up for Smodin, all this and more comes standard. If you’re ready to get started, click here to try it!

Find anything you save across the site in your account

In the campus protests over the war in Gaza, language and rhetoric are—as they have always been when it comes to Israel and Palestine—weapons of mass destruction.

By Zadie Smith

A philosophy without a politics is common enough. Aesthetes, ethicists, novelists—all may be easily critiqued and found wanting on this basis. But there is also the danger of a politics without a philosophy. A politics unmoored, unprincipled, which holds as its most fundamental commitment its own perpetuation. A Realpolitik that believes itself too subtle—or too pragmatic—to deal with such ethical platitudes as thou shalt not kill. Or: rape is a crime, everywhere and always. But sometimes ethical philosophy reënters the arena, as is happening right now on college campuses all over America. I understand the ethics underpinning the protests to be based on two widely recognized principles:

There is an ethical duty to express solidarity with the weak in any situation that involves oppressive power.

If the machinery of oppressive power is to be trained on the weak, then there is a duty to stop the gears by any means necessary.

The first principle sometimes takes the “weak” to mean “whoever has the least power,” and sometimes “whoever suffers most,” but most often a combination of both. The second principle, meanwhile, may be used to defend revolutionary violence, although this interpretation has just as often been repudiated by pacifistic radicals, among whom two of the most famous are, of course, Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr . In the pacifist’s interpretation, the body that we must place between the gears is not that of our enemy but our own. In doing this, we may pay the ultimate price with our actual bodies, in the non-metaphorical sense. More usually, the risk is to our livelihoods, our reputations, our futures. Before these most recent campus protests began, we had an example of this kind of action in the climate movement. For several years now, many people have been protesting the economic and political machinery that perpetuates climate change, by blocking roads, throwing paint, interrupting plays, and committing many other arrestable offenses that can appear ridiculous to skeptics (or, at the very least, performative), but which in truth represent a level of personal sacrifice unimaginable to many of us.

I experienced this not long ago while participating in an XR climate rally in London. When it came to the point in the proceedings where I was asked by my fellow-protesters whether I’d be willing to commit an arrestable offense—one that would likely lead to a conviction and thus make travelling to the United States difficult or even impossible—I’m ashamed to say that I declined that offer. Turns out, I could not give up my relationship with New York City for the future of the planet. I’d just about managed to stop buying plastic bottles (except when very thirsty) and was trying to fly less. But never to see New York again? What pitiful ethical creatures we are (I am)! Falling at the first hurdle! Anyone who finds themselves rolling their eyes at any young person willing to put their own future into jeopardy for an ethical principle should ask themselves where the limits of their own commitments lie—also whether they’ve bought a plastic bottle or booked a flight recently. A humbling inquiry.

It is difficult to look at the recent Columbia University protests in particular without being reminded of the campus protests of the nineteen-sixties and seventies, some of which happened on the very same lawns. At that time, a cynical political class was forced to observe the spectacle of its own privileged youth standing in solidarity with the weakest historical actors of the moment, a group that included, but was not restricted to, African Americans and the Vietnamese. By placing such people within their ethical zone of interest, young Americans risked both their own academic and personal futures and—in the infamous case of Kent State—their lives. I imagine that the students at Columbia—and protesters on other campuses—fully intend this echo, and, in their unequivocal demand for both a ceasefire and financial divestment from this terrible war, to a certain extent they have achieved it.

But, when I open newspapers and see students dismissing the idea that some of their fellow-students feel, at this particular moment, unsafe on campus, or arguing that such a feeling is simply not worth attending to, given the magnitude of what is occurring in Gaza, I find such sentiments cynical and unworthy of this movement. For it may well be—within the ethical zone of interest that is a campus, which was not so long ago defined as a safe space, delineated by the boundary of a generation’s ethical ideas— it may well be that a Jewish student walking past the tents, who finds herself referred to as a Zionist, and then is warned to keep her distance, is, in that moment, the weakest participant in the zone. If the concept of safety is foundational to these students’ ethical philosophy (as I take it to be), and, if the protests are committed to reinserting ethical principles into a cynical and corrupt politics, it is not right to divest from these same ethics at the very moment they come into conflict with other imperatives. The point of a foundational ethics is that it is not contingent but foundational. That is precisely its challenge to a corrupt politics.

Practicing our ethics in the real world involves a constant testing of them, a recognition that our zones of ethical interest have no fixed boundaries and may need to widen and shrink moment by moment as the situation demands. (Those brave students who—in supporting the ethical necessity of a ceasefire—find themselves at painful odds with family, friends, faith, or community have already made this calculation.) This flexibility can also have the positive long-term political effect of allowing us to comprehend that, although our duty to the weakest is permanent, the role of “the weakest” is not an existential matter independent of time and space but, rather, a contingent situation, continually subject to change. By contrast, there is a dangerous rigidity to be found in the idea that concern for the dreadful situation of the hostages is somehow in opposition to, or incompatible with, the demand for a ceasefire. Surely a ceasefire—as well as being an ethical necessity—is also in the immediate absolute interest of the hostages, a fact that cannot be erased by tearing their posters off walls.

Part of the significance of a student protest is the ways in which it gives young people the opportunity to insist upon an ethical principle while still being, comparatively speaking, a more rational force than the supposed adults in the room, against whose crazed magical thinking they have been forced to define themselves. The equality of all human life was never a self-evident truth in racially segregated America. There was no way to “win” in Vietnam. Hamas will not be “eliminated.” The more than seven million Jewish human beings who live in the gap between the river and the sea will not simply vanish because you think that they should. All of that is just rhetoric. Words. Cathartic to chant, perhaps, but essentially meaningless. A ceasefire, meanwhile, is both a potential reality and an ethical necessity. The monstrous and brutal mass murder of more than eleven hundred people, the majority of them civilians, dozens of them children, on October 7th, has been followed by the monstrous and brutal mass murder (at the time of writing) of a reported fourteen thousand five hundred children. And many more human beings besides, but it’s impossible not to notice that the sort of people who take at face value phrases like “surgical strikes” and “controlled military operation” sometimes need to look at and/or think about dead children specifically in order to refocus their minds on reality.

To send the police in to arrest young people peacefully insisting upon a ceasefire represents a moral injury to us all. To do it with violence is a scandal. How could they do less than protest, in this moment? They are putting their own bodies into the machine. They deserve our support and praise. As to which postwar political arrangement any of these students may favor, and on what basis they favor it—that is all an argument for the day after a ceasefire. One state, two states, river to the sea—in my view, their views have no real weight in this particular moment, or very little weight next to the significance of their collective action, which (if I understand it correctly) is focussed on stopping the flow of money that is funding bloody murder, and calling for a ceasefire, the political euphemism that we use to mark the end of bloody murder. After a ceasefire, the criminal events of the past seven months should be tried and judged, and the infinitely difficult business of creating just, humane, and habitable political structures in the region must begin anew. Right now: ceasefire. And, as we make this demand, we might remind ourselves that a ceasefire is not, primarily, a political demand. Primarily, it is an ethical one.

But it is in the nature of the political that we cannot even attend to such ethical imperatives unless we first know the political position of whoever is speaking. (“Where do you stand on Israel/Palestine?”) In these constructed narratives, there are always a series of shibboleths, that is, phrases that can’t be said, or, conversely, phrases that must be said. Once these words or phrases have been spoken ( river to the sea, existential threat, right to defend, one state, two states, Zionist, colonialist, imperialist, terrorist ) and one’s positionality established, then and only then will the ethics of the question be attended to (or absolutely ignored). The objection may be raised at this point that I am behaving like a novelist, expressing a philosophy without a politics, or making some rarefied point about language and rhetoric while people commit bloody murder. This would normally be my own view, but, in the case of Israel/Palestine, language and rhetoric are and always have been weapons of mass destruction.

It is in fact perhaps the most acute example in the world of the use of words to justify bloody murder, to flatten and erase unbelievably labyrinthine histories, and to deliver the atavistic pleasure of violent simplicity to the many people who seem to believe that merely by saying something they make it so. It is no doubt a great relief to say the word “Hamas” as if it purely and solely described a terrorist entity. A great relief to say “There is no such thing as the Palestinian people” as they stand in front of you. A great relief to say “Zionist colonialist state” and accept those three words as a full and unimpeachable definition of the state of Israel, not only under the disastrous leadership of Benjamin Netanyahu but at every stage of its long and complex history, and also to hear them as a perfectly sufficient description of every man, woman, and child who has ever lived in Israel or happened to find themselves born within it. It is perhaps because we know these simplifications to be impossible that we insist upon them so passionately. They are shibboleths; they describe a people, by defining them against other people—but the people being described are ourselves. The person who says “We must eliminate Hamas” says this not necessarily because she thinks this is a possible outcome on this earth but because this sentence is the shibboleth that marks her membership in the community that says that. The person who uses the word “Zionist” as if that word were an unchanged and unchangeable monolith, meaning exactly the same thing in 2024 and 1948 as it meant in 1890 or 1901 or 1920—that person does not so much bring definitive clarity to the entangled history of Jews and Palestinians as they successfully and soothingly draw a line to mark their own zone of interest and where it ends. And while we all talk, carefully curating our shibboleths, presenting them to others and waiting for them to reveal themselves as with us or against us—while we do all that, bloody murder.

And now here we are, almost at the end of this little stream of words. We’ve arrived at the point at which I must state clearly “where I stand on the issue,” that is, which particular political settlement should, in my own, personal view, occur on the other side of a ceasefire. This is the point wherein—by my stating of a position—you are at once liberated into the simple pleasure of placing me firmly on one side or the other, putting me over there with those who lisp or those who don’t, with the Ephraimites, or with the people of Gilead. Yes, this is the point at which I stake my rhetorical flag in that fantastical, linguistical, conceptual, unreal place—built with words—where rapes are minimized as needs be, and the definition of genocide quibbled over, where the killing of babies is denied, and the precision of drones glorified, where histories are reconsidered or rewritten or analogized or simply ignored, and “Jew” and “colonialist” are synonymous, and “Palestinian” and “terrorist” are synonymous, and language is your accomplice and alibi in all of it. Language euphemized, instrumentalized, and abused, put to work for your cause and only for your cause, so that it does exactly and only what you want it to do. Let me make it easy for you. Put me wherever you want: misguided socialist, toothless humanist, naïve novelist, useful idiot, apologist, denier, ally, contrarian, collaborator, traitor, inexcusable coward. It is my view that my personal views have no more weight than an ear of corn in this particular essay. The only thing that has any weight in this particular essay is the dead. ♦

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WASHINGTON – Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin confirmed Wednesday the Pentagon has “paused” one weapons shipment to Israel , but claimed the US had not made a “final decision” on the materiel, angering – and baffling – Senate Republicans.

“We did pause as we re-evaluated some of the security assistance that we’re providing,” Austin told members of the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense during a hearing that was repeatedly interrupted by anti-Israel protesters.

“As we have assessed the situation,” Austin went on, “we paused one shipment of high-payload munitions.”

The Pentagon leader said the administration halted the delivery of precision bombs in response to Israel’s offensive targeting Rafah , Hamas’ last stronghold in the Gaza Strip.

The news was poorly received by Republicans on the subcommittee, including Sen. Lindsey Graham (R-SC).

“If we stop weapons necessary to destroy the enemies of the state of Israel at a time of great peril, we will pay a price,” he said. “This is obscene; it is absurd. Give Israel what they need to fight the war they can’t afford to lose – this is Hiroshima and Nagasaki on steroids.”

“It was not the Israelis that started this conflict,” agreed Sen. Susan Collins (R-Maine). “And I’m very concerned that we not try to micromanage Israel’s right to defend itself against a terrorist group backed by Iran.”

Fumbling for words

Austin’s admission came after a series of Biden lackeys – from White House press secretary Karine Jean-Pierre to deputy Pentagon spokeswoman Sabrina Singh – for days refused to confirm or deny media reports that the aid had been stopped.

But after copping to pausing the shipment, the defense secretary backpedaled, cautioning the committee that the administration had not yet made an official determination whether or when Israel would receive the package.

“Again, we’ve not made a final determination on how to proceed with that shipment,” he said. “And I would highlight that this shipment doesn’t have anything to do with the supplemental appropriations that you just helped us get. “

A confused Sen. Shelly Moore Capito (R-WV,) asked Austin point-blank whether the reports of the halted aid were false.

“No, we are currently reviewing some near-term security assistance shipments in the context of the unfolding events in Rafah,” he replied.

“So we are withholding our shipments of weapons predicated on the strategy that Israel’s employing and going into Rafah ?” Capito asked. “Is that the bottom line here?”

“We’ve not, again, we’re assessing, we have not made any final decisions on this yet,” Austin told Capito, fumbling for words. “But, but to answer your question, yes, we are. There are some things that we’re taking a closer look at.”

“OK, that that’s an answer,” said a visibly annoyed Capito, who went on to voice her disapproval of the pause.

Deterring “regional conflict “

The decision to halt the aid aligns with the Biden administration’s repeated demands that Israel wait to launch its assault until the roughly 1 million Palestinian civilians in Rafah can leave or otherwise be protected.

“We wanted to make sure that we saw a plan to move those civilians out of the battle space before executing any kind of ground combat operation,” Austin told Collins at one point.

“I think we’ve also been very clear about the steps that we’d like to see that Israel take to account for and take care of those civilians before major combat takes place,” he also told the panel. “We certainly would like to see no major combat take place in Rafah, but certainly, our focus is on making sure that we protect the civilians.”

Several Republicans on the committee, such as Sen. Jerry Moran (R-Kan.), questioned the sensibility of tying weapons shipments to Israel’s military policy.

“We should not be signaling to Iran’s enemies that our support is conditional, ” he said. “Many of us in this room worked hard to get aid included and passed by the House and Senate in the emergency supplemental [to fund Israel.]”

Meanwhile, Capito pressed Austin on what the administration is doing to “establish a stronger, more critical, credible deterrence against these threats from our adversaries,” citing concerns over Biden’s approach of telling Iran and other outside actors “don’t” broaden the conflict.

“When I see President Biden’s messaging to [Vladimir] Putin and Iran and to the Houthis and other Iran-backed groups, I just see President Biden saying, ‘Don’t,'” she said. “… I’m concerned that we are significantly eroding our deterrence by setting these sort of ambiguous boundaries and letting our adversaries kind of walk over sometimes.”

Austin cited the decision to move more US troops into the region – including deploying several aircraft carriers to the surrounding waters – as proof of the administration’s actionable deterrence and claimed the conflict had not spread beyond Gaza despite early attacks on US bases in the Middle East and tit-for-tat strikes between Iran and Israel last month.

“Even though there’s been dustups throughout the region , we don’t see a regional conflict at this point,” he said. “… But in terms of Iran and its actions in the region, Iran continues to present a a threat to the region. And that’s something that we’re going to have to remain focused on for sure.”

“My final comment,” he added, “is that we are absolutely committed to continuing to support Israel in its in its right to defend itself.”

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Commentary | Commentary: Florida can’t wish away climate change

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The Legislature does not see energy progress as a good thing because it will undermine the fossil fuel businesses that contribute heavily to their campaigns. Discouraging electric vehicles is similar to a legislature in the late 1800s not allowing Flagler’s trains into Florida or not allowing gas stations in the early 1900s to keep the horse-and-buggy industry prosperous.

Prohibiting government meetings in certified “green lodgings” is ridiculous. What if, a century ago, the Legislature outlawed staying in buildings with elevators for safety reasons? The penthouse would be on the third floor in all Florida hotels. Thank the legislatures of our grandfather’s era for some sanity! Maybe some lawyers came up with these parts of the bill so they could collect fees defending Florida in lawsuits.

Fossil-fuel-generated electricity has variable fuel costs as we saw a year ago when utilities raised rates because of higher natural gas prices. My solar panels generate electricity at about 4 cents per kilowatt-hour then and now and in the future. This is one-third the cost that utilities charge. Solar plus batteries will soon be cheaper than electricity generated all day and night with fossil fuels. Does anyone want to live near a power plant burning coal or gas? Given the option of looking at a windmill or solar panels, would anyone choose having coal trains or a gas pipeline go through your neighborhood?

Rooftop solar costs can be beyond many households. However, a new federal program, “Solar for All ” is providing a consortium of Florida nonprofits, Solar United Neighbors, Solar Energy Loan Fund and the Nature Conservancy $156 million to help about 10,000 low- and moderate-income households go solar. They got this grant in part because the State of Florida did not apply for it. Was Florida wishing away climate change then too?

I too wish that climate change was not a problem; I also wish that my waist was smaller and my checkbook fatter. Reality sets in when I put on my pants or pay my bills or watch the weather forecast. The Governor should veto HB 1645 because wishing away problems does not change reality.

Michael Cohen, who lives in Orlando, is the co-founder of Solar United Neighbors of Florida.

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Bill to Combat Antisemitism on Campuses Prompts Backlash From the Right

Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene, Republican of Georgia, said the legislation could make it illegal to assert that Jews killed Jesus, punishing Christians for “believing the Gospel.”

By Annie Karni

Reporting from Washington

A bipartisan push in Congress to enact a law cracking down on antisemitic speech on college campuses has prompted a backlash from far-right lawmakers and activists, who argue it could outlaw Christian biblical teachings.

The House passed the legislation, called the Antisemitism Awareness Act, overwhelmingly on Wednesday, and Senate leaders in both parties were working behind the scenes on Thursday to determine whether it would have enough backing to come to a vote in that chamber.

House Republicans rolled the bill out this week as part of their efforts to condemn the pro-Palestinian protests that have surged at university campuses across the country, and to put a political squeeze on Democrats, who they have accused of tolerating antisemitism to please their liberal base.

But in trying to use the issue as a political cudgel against the left, Republicans also called attention to a rift on the right. Some G.O.P. members said they firmly believe that Jews killed Jesus Christ, and argued that the bill — which includes such claims in its definition of antisemitism — would outlaw parts of the Bible.

Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene, Republican of Georgia, said she opposed the bill because it “could convict Christians of antisemitism for believing the Gospel that says Jesus was handed over to Herod to be crucified by the Jews.”

Speaker Mike Johnson and other Republican leaders have sought to capitalize on the campus unrest to unite the G.O.P. and further drive a wedge in the Democratic Party, which is deeply divided over the war in Gaza. Many progressives have sided with the protesters who have condemned Israel’s tactics, citing the deaths of tens of thousands of Palestinian civilians, while centrist lawmakers and President Biden have continued to support Israel’s right to defend itself after the Hamas attack in October.

The bill would for the first time enshrine a definition of antisemitism into federal law, and instruct the Education Department to consider it when investigating allegations of discrimination against Jews on college campuses. That could lead to federal funds being withheld from colleges or universities that fail to restrict a broad range of statements covered by the definition, which includes “denying the Jewish people their right to self-determination” and claiming that Israel’s existence is a “racist endeavor.”

The measure had its intended effect of dividing Democrats; 70 of them voted “no.” Representative Mike Lawler, Republican of New York and the lead sponsor, got in his intended jab, saying on the House floor that “some of my colleagues on the left are allowing electoral politics to get in the way of doing what is right.”

But the bill also splintered the G.O.P. conference, with 21 Republicans opposing it.

Representative Matt Gaetz, Republican of Florida, called the legislation a “ridiculous hate speech bill.” On social media, he argued that “the Gospel itself would meet the definition of antisemitism under the terms of the bill,” and included a line from the New Testament about the crucifixion of Jesus.

“The Bible is clear,” he added. “There is no myth or controversy about this.”

The Anti-Defamation League considers the assertion that Jews killed Jesus an antisemitic myth that has been used to justify violence against Jews for centuries. In 1965, the Catholic Church said that Jews could not be held collectively accountable for the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. And in 2011, Pope Benedict XVI said in a book that there was no basis in the scripture for the belief that Jews were responsible for the death of Jesus Christ.

In 2019, former President Donald J. Trump signed an executive order on combating antisemitism that relied on the same definition that appears in the House bill. That did not stop right-wing lawmakers and activists from erupting over the issue after the legislation passed the House on Wednesday on a vote of 320-91.

“Did the House of Representatives just make parts of the Bible illegal?” Charlie Kirk, a far-right influencer, asked rhetorically on social media. “Yes,” replied Tucker Carlson, the former Fox News host. “The New Testament.”

In an appearance on CNN on Wednesday afternoon, Representative Jared Moskowitz, Democrat of Florida, batted away Ms. Greene’s comments as par for the course for someone known for her antisemitic and racist language.

“I don’t think the Jewish community is worried right now what the ‘Jew Laser Lady’ has to say,” Mr. Moskowitz said, adding, “That’s not who we want on our side.” In a 2018 Facebook post , Ms. Greene wrote before she was elected to Congress, she speculated that a devastating wildfire that ravaged California was started by “a laser” beamed from space and controlled by a prominent Jewish banking family with connections to powerful Democrats.

“She has been one of the people in this hall that has stoked antisemitism in the past,” Mr. Moskowitz said.

Mr. Lawler said the argument put forward by Ms. Greene and Mr. Gaetz was “absurd on its face, inflammatory and irrational.”

The bill would mandate that the Education Department rely on the definition of antisemitism used by the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance , an intergovernmental organization based in Stockholm, when enforcing anti-discrimination laws.

Jewish leaders have been pressing Congress to pass some version of the bill for years. In 2016, the Senate, which was controlled by Democrats, passed a similar measure, but it died in the Republican-led House. The hope of many Jewish leaders now is that the situation on campuses in the United States has become so heated in reaction to the Israel-Hamas war that there could be momentum for the bill to clear both chambers.

But it is now facing headwinds in the Senate. Ginned up by Mr. Carlson and other right-wing figures, a handful of Republicans, including Senators Rand Paul of Kentucky and Mike Lee of Utah, have voiced objections to the bill, according to two people familiar with the internal party discussion who spoke on the condition of anonymity.

“There are objections on both sides,” said Senator Chuck Schumer, Democrat of New York and the majority leader. “So we’re going to look for the best way to move forward.”

There has long been controversy , even among those who have dedicated their careers to studying and combating antisemitism, about the Holocaust organization’s definition and the potential it has to run afoul of the First Amendment.

Kenneth Stern, an attorney who wrote the definition, testified in 2017 that it “was not drafted, and was never intended, as a tool to target or chill speech on a college campus.” Its goal, he said, was to help governments collect data on antisemitism. One of his concerns was that anti-hate speech laws could let racist and antisemitic actors portray themselves as victims denied their constitutional rights.

Christopher Anders, director of the democracy and technology policy division at the American Civil Liberties Union, warned that the bill could lead to pressure on colleges and universities to restrict speech critical of the Israeli government “out of fear of the college losing federal funding.”

“The House’s approval of this misguided and harmful bill is a direct attack on the First Amendment,” he said.

Representative Thomas Massie, a libertarian Republican from Kentucky, made the same argument, calling the measure a “hate speech” bill that he believed was a violation of the First Amendment.

Opponents of the bill included progressive Democrats such as Representatives Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez of New York, Ilhan Omar of Minnesota, Rashida Tlaib of Michigan, Cori Bush of Missouri and Pramila Jayapal of Washington.

“How dare the party of Donald Trump and Marjorie Taylor Greene come down here and lecture Democrats about antisemitism,” Representative Teresa Leger Fernandez, Democrat of New Mexico, who voted against it, said on the House floor.

“Remember,” the lawmaker added, “the leader of the Republican Party, Donald Trump, dines with Holocaust deniers, and said there were ‘fine people on both sides’ at a rally where white supremacists chanted ‘Jews will not replace us.’”

She appeared to be referring to Mr. Trump’s dinner in 2022 with Nick Fuentes , an outspoken antisemite and racist who also forged ties with Ms. Greene and other right-wing lawmakers in Congress.

In addition to Mr. Gaetz and Ms. Greene, hard-right opponents of the legislation included Representatives Lauren Boebert of Colorado, Anna Paulina Luna of Florida, Chip Roy of Texas, Paul Gosar of Arizona and Andy Biggs of Arizona.

Annie Karni is a congressional correspondent for The Times. She writes features and profiles, with a recent focus on House Republican leadership. More about Annie Karni