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UPSC Essay Topic wise Question Papers of last 31 years (1993-2023) for Civil Services IAS/IPS Exam Free Download

In the UPSC mains examination, essay paper is worth 250 marks and three hours. Here is the topic wise questions from the earlier years for the benefit of civil service IAS IPS aspirants.

1.1 India Since Independence

1.2 federalism, decentralization, 1.3 administration, 1.4 judiciary, 1.5 poverty, social justice, 1.6 indian society, culture and values, 1.7 media, tv & cinema, literature, 2.1 growth vs development, 2.2 environment vs development, 2.4 sectors of economy, 3.1 values in education, 3.2 scheme implementation, 3.3 higher education, 4.1 character, honesty, ethics, 4.2 knowledge, 4.3 compassion, 4.4 truth and reality, 4.5 youth, discipline, 4.6 towards excellence, 5.1 @national politics, 5.2 @world / quote type, 5.3 empowerment overall, 5.4 compared to men, 6.1 globalization, 6.2 international org./ bilateral, 6.3 security, 6.4 history, 7.1 science and religion, 7.2 science and education, 7.3 computer and internet, 7.4 sci-tech: others, appendix: linear paper of upsc essay 2023, appendix: linear paper of upsc essay 2022, appendix: model answer pe free lecture & powerpoint, appendix: syllabus of essay paper in upsc, 1 india: democracy, administration, society, culture.

Is the Colonial mentality hindering India’s Success? -2013
In the context of Gandhiji’s views on the matter, explore, on an evolutionary scale, the terms ‘Swadhinata’, ‘Swaraj’ and ‘Dharmarajya’. Critically comment on their contemporary relevance to Indian democracy -2012
Dreams which should not let India sleep. -2015
Why should we be proud of being Indians? -2000
Whither Indian democracy? -1995
How far has democracy in India delivered the goods? -2003
What we have not learnt during fifty years of independence. -1997
What have we gained from our democratic set-up? -2001
My vision of India in 2001 a.d. -1993
Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India. -2017
Water disputes between States in federal India. -2016
Cooperative federalism : Myth or reality. -2016
Creation of smaller states and the consequent administrative, economic and developmental implication -2011
Evaluation of panchayati raj system in India from the point of view of eradication of power to people. -2007
Water resources should be under the control of the central government. -2004
The language problem in India: its past, present and prospects. -1998
There are better practices to “best practices”. -2021
How should a civil servant conduct himself? -2003
Politics without ethics is a disaster. -1995
The VIP cult is a bane of Indian democracy -1996
Need for transparency in public administration -1996
The country’s need for a better disaster management system. -2000
Politics, bureaucracy and business – fatal triangle. -1994
We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws. -2017
Justice must reach the poor -2005
Judicial activism and Indian democracy. -2004
Judicial activism. -1997
A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity. (- जिस समाज में अधिक न्याय होता है उस समाज को दान की कम आवश्यकता होती है।) – 2023
There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless (बिना आर्थिक समृद्धि के सामाजिक न्याय नहीं हो सकता, किन्तु बिना सामाजिक न्याय के आर्थिक समृद्धि निरर्थक है ) -2020
Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness. -2019
The focus of health care is increasingly getting skewed towards the ‘haves’ of our society. -2009
Food security for sustainable national development -2005
Reservation, politics and empowerment. -1999
Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have (जो हम है, वह संस्कार; जो हमारे पास है, वह सभ्यता ) -2020
Indian culture today: a myth or a reality? -2000
Modernism and our traditional socio-ethical values. -2000
The composite culture of India. -1998
The Indian society at the crossroads. -1994
From traditional Indian philanthropy to the gates-buffet model-a natural progression or a paradigm shift? -2010
New cults and godmen: a threat to traditional religion -1996
Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy. -2019
Responsibility of media in a democracy. -2002
Role of media in good governance -2008
Does Indian cinema shape our popular culture or merely reflect it? -2011
How has satellite television brought about cultural change in Indian mindsets? -2007
Is sting operation an invasion on privacy? -2014
Mass media and cultural invasion. -1999
The misinterpretation and misuse of freedom in India. -1998
Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world (कवि संसार के अनधिकृत रूप से विधायक होते हैं) – 2022

2 Economy, Development

Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere. -2018
Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality. -2016
Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare. -2016
Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms. -2016
Crisis faced in India – moral or economic. -2015
Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country? -2014
GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the wellbeing of a country-2013
Can capitalism bring inclusive growth? -2015
Resource management in the Indian context. -1999
Economic growth without distributive justice is bound to breed violence. -1993
Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence (आर्थिक समृद्धि हासिल करने के मामले में वन सर्वोत्तम प्रतिमान होते हैं।) – 2022
Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India. -2018
Should a moratorium be imposed on all fresh mining in tribal areas of the country? -2010
Urbanisation and its hazards -2008
Protection of ecology and environment is essential for sustained economic development. -2006
Urbanization is a blessing in disguise. -1997
Ecological considerations need not hamper development. -1993
Globalization would finish small-scale industries in India. -2006
Multinational corporations – saviours or saboteurs -1994
Special economic zone: boon or bane -2008
Is the criticism that the ‘Public-Private-Partnership’ (PPP) model for development is more of a bane than a boon in the Indian context, justified ?-2012
Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India. -2017
BPO boom in India. -2007
Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India? -2014
Are our traditional handicrafts doomed to a slow death? -2009

3 Education

Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in – school. (- शिक्षा वह है जो विद्यालय में विधालय में सीखी गई बातों को भूल जाने के बाद भी शेष रह जाती है।)
Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms. -2017
Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever devil-2015
Independent thinking should be encouraged right form the childhood. -2007
Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress? -2014
Irrelevance of the classroom. -2001
Is the growing level of competition good for the youth? -2014
Literacy is growing very fast, but there is no corresponding growth in education. -1996
Is an egalitarian society possible by educating the masses ? -2008
What is real education? -2005
“Education for all” campaign in India: myth or reality. -2006
Restructuring of Indian education system. -1995
Privatization of higher education in India. -2002
Credit – based higher education system – status, opportunities and challenges -2011

4 Quote based, Philosophy, Ethics

A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities (हर असमंजस के लिए मुस्कराहट ही चुनिन्दा साधन है) – 2022
Philosophy of wantlessness is a Utopian, while materialism is a chimera. -2021
Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me. -2021
Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication (सरलता चरम परिष्करण है ) -2020
Ships don’t sink because of water around them ships sink because of water that gets into them (जहाज अपने चारों तरफ के पानी के वजह से नहीं डूबा करते, जहाज पानी के अंदर समां जाने की वजह से डूबता हैं ) -2020
Life is a long journey between being human and being humane. (मनुष्य होने और मानव बनने के बीच का लम्बा सफर ही जीवन है)-2020
Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be -2019
Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society -2019
Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success -2019
Wisdom finds truth -2019
A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both. -2018
Customary morality cannot be a guide to modem file. -2018
Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed. -2016
Character of an institution is reflected in its leader. -2015
With greater power comes greater responsibility. -2014
Words are sharper than the two-edged sword. -2014
Attitude makes, habit makes character and character makes a man. -2007
He would reigns within himself and folds his passions and desires and fears is more than a king. -1993
Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team. (- सोच एक खेल की तरह है, यह तब तक शुरू नहीं होता है जब तक कि एक विपरीत टीम/पक्ष न हो।) – 2023
Mathematics is the music of reason. (- गणित ज्ञान का संगीत है।) – 2023
The real is rational and the rational is real. -2021
Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self (विचारपरक संकल्प स्वयं के शांतचित्त रहने का उत्प्रेरक है )-2020
‘The past’ is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values. -2018
A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge. -2018
There is nothing either good or bad but thinking makes it so. -2003
Disinterested intellectual curiosity is the lifeblood of civilisation. -1995
Joy is the simplest form of gratitude. -2017
Compassion is the basic of all morality of the world -1993
Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole. -2015
Be the change you want to see in others (Gandhi)-2013
Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right (केवल इसलिए कि आपके पास विकल्प हैं, इसका यह अर्थ कदापि नहीं है कि उनमें से किसी को भी ठीक होना ही होगा) – 2022
Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it. -2018
Truth is lived, not taught -1996
When money speaks, the truth is silent. -1995
Search for truth can only be a spiritual problem. -2002
The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining (छप्पर मरम्मत करने का समय तभी होता है, जब धूप खिली हुई हो) – 2022
You cannot step twice in the same river (आप उसी नदी में दोबारा नहीं उतर सकते) – 2022
Discipline means success, anarchy means ruin -2008
Youth is a blunder, manhood a struggle, old age a regret -1994
If youth knew, if age could. -2002
Youth culture today. -1999
Fifty Golds in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India? -2014
Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic. (- दूरदर्शी निर्णय तभी लिए जाते है अंतर्ज्ञान और तर्क का परस्पर मेल होता है।) – 2023
Not all who wander are lost. (- भटकने वाले सभी गुम नहीं हो जाते।) – 2023
Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane (- रचनात्मकता की प्रेरणा अलौकिक ता में चमत्कार ढूंढने के प्रयास से उपजति है) – 2023
A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what ship is for (जहाज बन्दरगाह के भीतर सुरक्षित होता है, परन्तु इसके लिए तो वह होता नहीं है) – 2022
Quick but steady wins the race. -2015
Useless life is an early death. -1994
Our deeds determine us, as much as we determine our deeds. -1995
The paths of glory lead but to the grave. -2002
The pursuit of excellence. -2001

5 Women empowerment

Greater political power alone will not improve women’s plight. -1997
Women’s reservation bill would usher in empowerment for women in India. -2006
The new emerging women power: the ground realities. -1995
Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world. -2021
If women ruled the world -2005
The hand that rocks the cradle -2005
Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality (पितृ-सत्ता की व्यवस्था नजर मैं बहुत काम आने के बावजूद सामाजिक विषमता की सबसे प्रभावी संरचना है) -2020
Fulfilment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth. -2017
If development is not engendered, it is endangered. -2016
Whither women’s emancipation? -2004
Empowerment alone cannot help our women. -2001
Women empowerment: challenges and prospects. -1999
Woman is god’s best creation. -1998
Men have failed: let women take over. -1993
Managing work and home – is the Indian working woman getting a fair deal ?-2012

6 International issues, Internal Security, History

South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities. -2019
Modernisation and westernisation are not identical concepts. -1994
‘globalization’ vs. ‘nationalism’ -2009
National identity and patriotism -2008
Globalizations and its impact on Indian culture. -2004
The masks of new imperialism. -2003
As civilization advances culture declines. -2003
The implications of globalization for India. -2000
My vision of an ideal world order. -2001
India’s contribution to world wisdom. -1998
The world of the twenty-first century. -1998
Preparedness of our society for India’s global leadership role. -2010
Technology as the silent factor in international relations (अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संबंधों मैं मौन करक के रूप मैं प्रौद्योगिकी) -2020
Has the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world ? -2017
Restructuring of UNO reflect present realities -1996
The global order: political and economic -1993
India’s role in promoting ASEAN co-operation. -2004
Importance of Indo-US nuclear agreement -2006
Management of Indian border dispute is a complex task. -2018
In the Indian context , both human intelligence and technical intelligence are crucial in combating terrorism -2011
Are we a ‘soft’ state ? -2009
Good fences make good neighbours -2009
Is autonomy the best answer to combat balkanization? -2007
Terrorism and world peace -2005
True religion cannot be misused. -1997
History repeats itself, first as tragedy, second as farce. -2021
Geography may remain the same ; history need not. -2010

7 Science-Technology

Spirituality and scientific temper. -2003
Science and Mysticism : Are they compatible ?-2012
What is research, but a blind date with knowledge! -2021
Modern technological education and human values. -2002
Value-based science and education. -1999
The march of science and the erosion of human values. -2001
The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. -2021
Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling. -2019
‘Social media’ is inherently a selfish medium. -2017
Cyberspace and Internet : Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run -2016
Increasing computerization would lead to the creation of a dehumanized society. -2006
The cyberworld: its charms and challenges. -2000
Computer: the harbinger of silent revolution. -1993
Technology cannot replace manpower. -2015
Science and technology is the panacea for the growth and security of the nation-2013
The modern doctor and his patients. -1997
The lure of space. -2004

Section-A (write any one)

Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team. (- सोच एक खेल की तरह है, यह तब तक शुरू नहीं होता है जब तक कि एक विपरीत टीम/पक्ष न हो।)
Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic. (- दूरदर्शी निर्णय तभी लिए जाते है अंतर्ज्ञान और तर्क का परस्पर मेल होता है।)
Not all who wander are lost. (- भटकने वाले सभी गुम नहीं हो जाते।)
Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane (- रचनात्मकता की प्रेरणा अलौकिक ता में चमत्कार ढूंढने के प्रयास से उपजति है)

Section-B (write any one)

Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands – two equally harmful disciplines. (-लड़कियां बंदिशों के तथा लड़के अपेक्षा के बोझ तले दबे हुए होते हैं दोनों ही समान रूप से हानिकारक व्यवस्थाएं हैं।)
Mathematics is the music of reason. (- गणित ज्ञान का संगीत है।)
A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity. (- जिस समाज में अधिक न्याय होता है उस समाज को दान की कम आवश्यकता होती है।)

Answer one-one essay from each section in 1000-1200 words

History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man (इतिहास वैज्ञानिक मनुष्य के रूमानी मनुष्य पर विजय हासिल करने का एक सिलसिला है।) – 2022
A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what ship is for (जहाज बन्दरगाह के भीतर सुरक्षित होता है, परन्तु इसके लिए तो वह होता नहीं है) & 2022
Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right (केवल इसलिए कि आपके पास विकल्प हैं, इसका यह अर्थ कदापि नहीं है कि उनमें से किसी को भी ठीक होना ही होगा) – 2022

Essay: Candidates may be required to write essays on multiple topics. They will be expected to keep closely to the subject of the essay to arrange their ideas in orderly fashion, and to write concisely. Credit will be given for effective and exact expression.

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ESSAY QUESTION PAPER : UPSC Civil Services IAS Exam MAINS 2021

Essay question paper – upsc civil services ias mains – 2021.

1. The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced.

2. Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me.

3. Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera.

4. The real is rational and the rational is real.

5. Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.

6. What is research, but a blind date with knowledge!

7. History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.

8. There are better practices to “best practices”.

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Table of Contents

Essay (UPSC Mains) – Previous Year Questions

Thinking is like a game; it does not begin unless there is an opposite team.
Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic.
Not all who wander are lost.
Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane.
Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands — two equally harmful disciplines.
Mathematics is the Music of Reason.
A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity.
Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school.

Value based / Ethical Issues

A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities.
Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right.

Philosophical

The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining.
You can not step twice in the same river.
A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what ship is for.

Miscellaneous / Mixed

Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence. (Environment / Economics)
Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world ( Literature / Socio-political-economic impacts)
History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man ( History / Values / Philosophy)
Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me.
Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera.
The real is rational and the rational is real.
Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.

History / Culture

History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.

Science and Technology

What is research, but a blind date with knowledge!
There are better practices to “best practices”. ( Multiple Themes )
The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. ( Philosophy / Technology)
Life is long journey between human being and being humane.
Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self.
Ships do not sink because of water around them; ships sink because of water that gets into them.
Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.
Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have.

Social Issues

There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless.
Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality.
Technology as the silent factor in international relations ( Technology / International Relation ).
Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be.
Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success.
Wisdom finds truth.
South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities.
Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society.
Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness.

Science & Technology

Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling.
Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy.
A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge.
A people that value its privileges above its principles lose both.
“The past’ is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values.
Customary morality cannot be a guide to modern life.
Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it.
Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere.

Environment

Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India.

IR & Security

Management of Indian border disputes – a complex task.
Joy is the simplest form of gratitude.
Fulfilment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth.
Social media is inherently a selfish medium Domain.
Has the Non- Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multi-polar world Domain.
Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India Domain. ( Agriculture )
Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India Domain.
Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms.

Polity & Governance

We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws Domain.
Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed.
If development is not engendered, it is endangered.
Cyberspace and internet: Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run Domain.
Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms.
Water disputes between states in federal India Domain.
Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality India.
Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality. ( Technology / Economy)
Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare Domain. ( Technology / Economy / Social Sector)
Character of an institution is reflected in its leader.
Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole.
Quick but steady wins the race.
Technology cannot replace manpower.
Can capitalism bring inclusive growth?
Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever devil. ( Education / Ethics)
Crisis faced in India – moral or economic. ( Morality / Economics)
With greater power comes greater responsibility.
Words are sharper than the two-edged sword.
Is sting operation an invasion on privacy?
Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country?
Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India?
Is the growing level of competition good for the youth?
Are the standardized tests, good measure of academic ability or progress?
Dreams which should not let India sleep. ( Multiple themes )
Fifty Gold’s in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India? ( Sports / Governance )
Be the change you want to see in others – Gandhiji
Science and technology is the panacea for the growth and security of the nation.
GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the well-being of a country.
Is the Colonial mentality hindering India’s Success? ( History / Culture / Growth & Development / Ethics )

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Essay UPSC Topic wise Previous Year Questions (1993-2023)

The importance of practicing Essay Papers from previous year questions (PYQ) topic-wise, with the aim of achieving high marks for a better rank in the UPSC Civil Services Examination, cannot be overstated.

The Essay Paper in UPSC CSE Mains carries a weightage of 250 marks. Therefore, the percentage of total marks covered by the Essay Paper is ≈14.29%Percentage.

1. India: Democracy, Administration, Society, Culture

1.1 India Since Independence

My vision of India in 2001 a.d. -1993
Whither Indian democracy? -1995
What we have not learnt during fifty years of independence. -1997
Why should we be proud of being Indians? -2000
What have we gained from our democratic set-up? -2001
How far has democracy in India delivered the goods? -2003
In the context of Gandhiji’s views on the matter, explore, on an evolutionary scale, the terms ‘Swadhinata’, ‘Swaraj’ and ‘Dharmarajya’. Critically comment on their contemporary relevance to Indian democracy -2012
Is the Colonial mentality hindering India’s Success? -2013
Dreams which should not let India sleep. -2015

1.2Federalism, Decentralization

The language problem in India: its past, present and prospects. -1998
Water resources should be under the control of the central government. -2004
Evaluation of panchayati raj system in India from the point of view of eradication of power to people. -2007
Creation of smaller states and the consequent administrative, economic and developmental implication -2011
Water disputes between States in federal India. -2016
Cooperative federalism : Myth or reality. -2016
Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India. -2017

1.3 Administration

Politics, bureaucracy and business – fatal triangle. -1994
Politics without ethics is a disaster. -1995
The VIP cult is a bane of Indian democracy -1996
Need for transparency in public administration -1996
The country’s need for a better disaster management system. -2000
How should a civil servant conduct himself? -2003

1.4 Judiciary

Judicial activism. -1997
Judicial activism and Indian democracy. -2004
Justice must reach the poor -2005
We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws. -2017

1.5 Poverty, Social Justice

Reservation, politics and empowerment. -1999
Food security for sustainable national development -2005
The focus of health care is increasingly getting skewed towards the ‘haves’ of our society. -2009
Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness. -2019
There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless -2020

1.6 Indian Society, Culture and Values

The Indian society at the crossroads. -1994
New cults and godmen: a threat to traditional religion -1996
The composite culture of India. -1998
Indian culture today: a myth or a reality? -2000
Modernism and our traditional socio-ethical values. -2000
Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have -2020
From traditional Indian philanthropy to the gates-buffet model-a natural progression or a paradigm shift? -2010
A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity. 2023

1.7 Media, TV & Cinema

The misinterpretation and misuse of freedom in India. -1998
Mass media and cultural invasion. -1999
Responsibility of media in a democracy. -2002
How has satellite television brought about cultural change in Indian mindsets? -2007
Role of media in good governance -2008
Does Indian cinema shape our popular culture or merely reflect it? -2011
Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy. -2019
Is sting operation an invasion on privacy? -2014

2. Economy, Development

2.1 Growth vs Development

Economic growth without distributive justice is bound to breed violence. -1993
Resource management in the Indian context. -1999
GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the wellbeing of a country-2013
Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country? -2014
Crisis faced in India – moral or economic. -2015
Can capitalism bring inclusive growth? -2015
Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality. -2016
Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare. -2016
Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms. -2016
Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere. -2018

2.2 Environment vs Development

Ecological considerations need not hamper development. -1993
Urbanization is a blessing in disguise. -1997
Protection of ecology and environment is essential for sustained economic development. -2006
Urbanisation and its hazards -2008
Should a moratorium be imposed on all fresh mining in tribal areas of the country? -2010
Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India. -2018
Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence.-2022
Multinational corporations – saviours or saboteurs -1994
Globalization would finish small-scale industries in India. -2006
Special economic zone: boon or bane -2008
Is the criticism that the ‘Public-Private-Partnership’ (PPP) model for development is more of a bane than a boon in the Indian context, justified ?-2012

2.4 Sectors of Economy

BPO boom in India. -2007
Are our traditional handicrafts doomed to a slow death? -2009
Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India? -2014
Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India. -2017

3. Education

3.1 Values in Education

Literacy is growing very fast, but there is no corresponding growth in education. -1996
Irrelevance of the classroom. -2001
Independent thinking should be encouraged right form the childhood. -2007
Is an egalitarian society possible by educating the masses ? -2008
What is real education? -2005
Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress? -2014
Is the growing level of competition good for the youth? -2014
Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever devil-2015
Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms. -2017
Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school. 2023
Mathematics is the music of reason. 2023

3.2 Scheme implementation

Restructuring of Indian education system. -1995
“Education for all” campaign in India: myth or reality. -2006

3.3 Higher education

Privatization of higher education in India. -2002
Credit – based higher education system – status, opportunities and challenges -2011

4. Quote based, Philosophy, Ethics

4.1 Character, Honesty, Ethics

He would reigns within himself and folds his passions and desires and fears is more than a king. -1993
Attitude makes, habit makes character and character makes a man. -2007
With greater power comes greater responsibility. -2014
Words are sharper than the two-edged sword. -2014
Character of an institution is reflected in its leader. -2015
Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed. -2016
A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both. -2018
Customary morality cannot be a guide to modem file. -2018
Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be -2019
Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society -2019
Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success -2019
Wisdom finds truth -2019
Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication -2020
Ships don’t sink because of water around them ships sink because of water that gets into them -2020
Life is a long journey between human being and being humane.- 2020
Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera. – 2021
Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me.- 2021
The real is rational and the rational is real. – 2021
History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce. – 2021
A ship in the harbour is safe but that is not what a ship is for. -2022
Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right. -2022
Not all who wander are lost. 2023

4.2 Knowledge

Disinterested intellectual curiosity is the lifeblood of civilisation. -1995
There is nothing either good or bad but thinking makes it so. -2003
‘The past’ is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values. -2018
A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge. -2018
Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self.- 2020
Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world. -2022
What is research, but a blind date with knowledge! – 2021
Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic. 2023

4.3 Compassion

Compassion is the basic of all morality of the world -1993
Be the change you want to see in others (Gandhi)-2013
Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole. -2015
Joy is the simplest form of gratitude. -2017
Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world. – 2021
You cannot step twice in the same river. -2022
Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane. 2023

4.4 Truth and reality

When money speaks, the truth is silent. -1995
Truth is lived, not taught -1996
Search for truth can only be a spiritual problem. -2002
Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it. -2018

4.5 Youth, Discipline

Youth is a blunder, manhood a struggle, old age a regret -1994
Youth culture today. -1999
If youth knew, if age could. -2002
Discipline means success, anarchy means ruin -2008
Fifty Golds in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India? -2014

4.6 Towards excellence

Useless life is an early death. -1994
Our deeds determine us, as much as we determine our deeds. -1995
The pursuit of excellence. -2001
The paths of glory lead but to the grave. -2002
Quick but steady wins the race. -2015
There are better practices to “best practices” – 2021
The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining. -2022
Smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities. -2022
Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team. 2023

5. Women Empowerment

5.1 National Politics

The new emerging women power: the ground realities. -1995
Greater political power alone will not improve women’s plight. -1997
Women’s reservation bill would usher in empowerment for women in India. -2006

5.2 World / Quote type

If women ruled the world -2005
The hand that rocks the cradle -2005

5.3 Empowerment overall

Women empowerment: challenges and prospects. -1999
Empowerment alone cannot help our women. -2001
Whither women’s emancipation? -2004
If development is not engendered, it is endangered. -2016
Fulfilment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth. -2017
Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality. -2020

5.4 Compared to men

Men have failed: let women take over. -1993
Woman is god’s best creation. -1998
Managing work and home – is the Indian working woman getting a fair deal ?-2012
History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man. -2022
Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands – two equally harmful disciplines. 2023

6. International issues, Internal Security

6.1 Globalization

Modernisation and westernisation are not identical concepts. -1994
India’s contribution to world wisdom. -1998
The world of the twenty-first century. -1998
The implications of globalization for India. -2000
My vision of an ideal world order. -2001
The masks of new imperialism. -2003
As civilization advances culture declines. -2003
Globalizations and its impact on Indian culture. -2004
National identity and patriotism -2008
‘globalization’ vs. ‘nationalism’ -2009
Geography may remain the same ; history need not. -2010
Preparedness of our society for India’s global leadership role. 2010
South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities. -2019

6.2 International Org./ Bilateral

The global order: political and economic -1993
Restructuring of UNO reflect present realities -1996
India’s role in promoting ASEAN co-operation. -2004
Importance of Indo-US nuclear agreement -2006
Has the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world ? -2017
Technology as the silent factor in international relations -2020

6.3 Security

True religion cannot be misused. -1997
Terrorism and world peace -2005
Is autonomy the best answer to combat balkanization? -2007
Are we a ‘soft’ state ? -2009
Good fences make good neighbours -2009
In the Indian context , both human intelligence and technical intelligence are crucial in combating terrorism -2011
Management of Indian border dispute is a complex task. -2018

7. Science-Technology

7.1 Science and Religion

Spirituality and scientific temper. -2003
Science and Mysticism : Are they compatible ?-2012

7.2 Science and Education

Value-based science and education. -1999
The march of science and the erosion of human values. -2001
Modern technological education and human values. -2002

7.3 Computer and internet

Computer: the harbinger of silent revolution. -1993
The cyberworld: its charms and challenges. -2000
Increasing computerization would lead to the creation of a dehumanized society. -2006
Cyberspace and Internet : Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run -2016
‘Social media’ is inherently a selfish medium. -2017
Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling. -2019
Technology as the silent factor in international relations. -2020

7.4 Sci-Tech: others

The modern doctor and his patients. -1997
The lure of space. -2004
Science and technology is the panacea for the growth and security of the nation-2013
Technology cannot replace manpower. -2015
The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. – 2021

Here are several reasons why practice with Essay PYQ’s is crucial:

Alignment with UPSC Trends: Practicing with PYQs allows candidates to align their preparation with the evolving trends of the UPSC. Understanding the historical context of essay topics helps in anticipating and preparing for potential themes in the upcoming exam.
Grasp of Exam Expectations: PYQs provide insights into the expectations of the examiners. By analyzing past questions, candidates can discern the depth of analysis, the breadth of knowledge required, and the quality of expression that the UPSC values in essay answers.
Thematic Coverage: Previous year questions cover a wide array of themes, ranging from socio-economic issues to philosophical concepts. Practicing with these questions ensures that candidates have a comprehensive understanding of the diverse subjects that may be presented in the essay paper.
Content Refinement: Repeated practice on specific topics from PYQs aids in refining content knowledge. It helps candidates revisit and reinforce their understanding of key concepts, theories, and factual information relevant to different subjects.
Structural Mastery: Crafting well-structured essays is crucial for effective communication. Practicing with PYQs allows candidates to master the art of structuring their essays, ensuring a logical flow of ideas and a coherent presentation.
Time Management Skills: The essay paper has a strict time limit. Regular practice with PYQs hones time management skills, enabling candidates to allocate their time wisely between planning, writing, and revising their essays during the actual examination.
Adaptability to Varied Topics: Since PYQs cover diverse topics, candidates become more adaptable to addressing a broad spectrum of subjects. This adaptability is essential for tackling any unforeseen or unfamiliar topics that may appear in the exam.
Feedback Incorporation: Practicing essays from PYQs provides candidates with an opportunity to receive feedback on their responses. Constructive feedback helps in identifying areas for improvement, allowing candidates to refine their writing skills and enhance the quality of their answers.
Holistic Skill Development: The essay paper evaluates a range of skills, including critical analysis, synthesis of information, effective communication, and a nuanced understanding of issues. Practicing with PYQs contributes to the holistic development of these skills.
Confidence Boost: Regularly practicing essays from PYQs instills confidence in candidates. The familiarity with the exam format, topics, and the ability to produce well-argued essays under timed conditions builds confidence, positively impacting overall performance.

In conclusion, practicing essay papers from PYQs topic-wise is a strategic approach that not only aligns preparation with the expectations of the UPSC but also contributes to comprehensive skill development. This practice enhances a candidate’s chances of securing high marks in the essay paper, ultimately leading to a better rank in the UPSC Civil Services Examination.

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IAS Preparation
UPSC Preparation Strategy
Topic Wise Essay Questions From UPSC Mains 1994 2018

Last 25 Years Topic-wise Essay Questions From UPSC Mains (1994 - 2018)

Paper I of the UPSC Civil Services mains exam is the Essay. Here, prelims-qualified IAS aspirants have to write two essays out of a few given topics. The paper is for a total of 250 marks and its marks are taken into consideration for the Final Merit List. In this article, we have listed all the essay topics asked in the UPSC mains exam from 1994 to 2018. We have also classified the last 25 years essay questions into topics to make your preparation easier.

Latest – See the UPSC Essay Topics in the IAS Mains 2020 Essay Paper. Download UPSC Mains 2020 Essay Paper from the linked article.

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UPSC Essay Topics

Administration.

Politics, bureaucracy and business – fatal triangle. (1994)
Politics without ethics is a disaster. (1995)
The VIP cult is a bane of Indian democracy. (1996)
Need for transparency in public administration. (1996)
The country’s need for a better disaster management system. (2000)
How should a civil servant conduct himself? (2003)

Democracy/India since independence

Whither Indian democracy? (1995)
What we have not learnt during fifty years of independence. (1997)
Why should we be proud of being Indians? (2000)
What have we gained from our democratic set-up? (2001)
How far has democracy in India delivered the goods? (2003)
National identity and patriotism. (2008)
In the context of Gandhiji’s views on the matter, explore, on an evolutionary scale, the terms ‘Swadhinata’, ‘Swaraj’ and ‘Dharmarajya’. Critically comment on their contemporary relevance to Indian democracy. (2012)
Is the colonial mentality hindering India’s success? (2013)
Dreams which should not let India sleep. (2015)
Management of Indian border disputes – a complex task. (2018)

Economic growth and development

Resource management in the Indian context. (1999)
GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the wellbeing of a country. (2013)
Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country? (2014)
Crisis faced in India – moral or economic. (2015)
Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms. (2016)
Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality. (2016)
Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare. (2016)
Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India. (2017)

Federalism, Decentralisation

The language problem in India: its past, present and prospects. (1998)
Water resources should be under the control of the central government. (2004)
Evaluation of panchayati raj system in India from the point of view of eradication of power to people. (2007)
Is autonomy the best answer to combat balkanization? (2007)
Creation of smaller states and the consequent administrative, economic and developmental implication. (2011)
Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality. (2016)
Water disputes between States in federal India. (2016)

Indian Culture & Society

The Indian society at the crossroads. (1994)
New cults and godmen: a threat to traditional religion. (1996)
The composite culture of India. (1998)
Youth culture today. (1999)
Modernism and our traditional socio-ethical values. (2000)
Indian culture today: a myth or a reality? (2000)
As civilization advances culture declines. (2003)
From traditional Indian philanthropy to the gates-buffet model-a natural progression or a paradigm shift? (2010)
Judicial activism. (1997)
Judicial activism and Indian democracy. (2004)
Justice must reach the poor. (2005)

Social justice/Poverty

Reservation, politics and empowerment. (1999)
Food security for sustainable national development. (2005)
The focus of health care is increasingly getting skewed towards the ‘haves’ of our society. (2009)
Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for the majority of farmers in India. (2017)
Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere. (2018)

Media & Society

Misinterpretation and misuse of freedom in India. (1998)
Mass media and cultural invasion. (1999)
Responsibility of media in a democracy. (2002)
How has satellite television brought about cultural change in Indian mindsets? (2007)
Role of media in good governance. (2008)
Does Indian cinema shape our popular culture or merely reflect it? (2011)
Is sting operation an invasion on privacy? (2014)

Environment/Urbanisation

Urbanization is a blessing in disguise. (1997)
Protection of ecology and environment is essential for sustained economic development. (2006)
Urbanisation and its hazards. (2008)
Should a moratorium be imposed on all fresh mining in tribal areas of the country? (2010)
We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws. (2017)

Economic sectors/MNCs

Multinational corporations – saviours or saboteurs. (1994)
Globalization would finish small-scale industries in India. (2006)
BPO boom in India. (2007)
Special economic zone: boon or bane? (2008)
Are our traditional handicrafts doomed to a slow death? (2009)
Is the criticism that the Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) model for development is more of a bane than a boon in the Indian context, justified? (2012)
Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India? (2014)
Restructuring of Indian education system. (1995)
Literacy is growing very fast, but there is no corresponding growth in education. (1996)
Irrelevance of the classroom. (2001)
Privatization of higher education in India. (2002)
Modern technological education and human values. (2002)
What is real education? (2005)
“Education for all” campaign in India: myth or reality. (2006)
Independent thinking should be encouraged right from the childhood. (2007)
Is an egalitarian society possible by educating the masses? (2008)
Credit – based higher education system – status, opportunities and challenges. (2011)
Is the growing level of competition good for the youth? (2014)
Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress? (2014)
Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever devil. (2015)
Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms. (2017)
The new emerging women power: the ground realities. (1995)
Greater political power alone will not improve women’s plight. (1997)
Woman is god’s best creation. (1998)
Women empowerment: challenges and prospects. (1999)
Empowerment alone cannot help our women. (2001)
Whither women’s emancipation? (2004)
If women ruled the world. (2005)
The hand that rocks the cradle. (2005)
Women’s reservation bill would usher in empowerment for women in India. (2006)
Managing work and home – is the Indian working woman getting a fair deal? (2012)
If development is not engendered, it is endangered. (2016)
Fulfillment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth. (2017)

Quotes-based/Philosophy

Youth is a blunder, manhood a struggle, old age a regret. (1994)
Useless life is an early death. (1994)
Disinterested intellectual curiosity is the lifeblood of civilisation. (1995)
When money speaks, the truth is silent. (1995)
Our deeds determine us, as much as we determine our deeds. (1995)
Truth is lived, not taught. (1996)
True religion cannot be misused. (1997)
Search for truth can only be a spiritual problem. (2002)
The paths of glory lead but to the grave. (2002)
If youth knew, if age could. (2002)
There is nothing either good or bad but thinking makes it so. (2003)
Be the change you want to see in others. (2013)
With greater power comes greater responsibility. (2014)
Words are sharper than the two-edged sword. (2014)
Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole. (2015)
“The past’ is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values. (2018)
Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it. (2018)
Attitude makes habit, habit makes character and character makes a man. (2007)
Discipline means success, anarchy means ruin. (2008)
Character of an institution is reflected in its leader. (2015)
Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed. (2016)
Joy is the simplest form of gratitude. (2017)
A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge. (2018)
A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both. (2018)
Customary morality cannot be a guide to modern life. (2018)

Globalisation

Modernisation and westernisation are not identical concepts. (1994)
The world of the twenty-first century. (1998)
The implications of globalization for India. (2000)
My vision of an ideal world order. (2001)
The masks of new imperialism. (2003)
Globalizations and its impact on Indian culture. (2004)
‘Globalization’ vs. ‘nationalism’. (2009)
Preparedness of our society for India’s global leadership role. (2010)

Science & Tech

The modern doctor and his patients. (1997)
Value-based science and education. (1999)
The march of science and the erosion of human values. (2001)
Spirituality and scientific temper. (2003)
The lure of space. (2004)
Science and Mysticism: Are they compatible? (2012)
Science and technology is the panacea for the growth and security of the nation. (2013)
Technology cannot replace manpower. (2015)
Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India. (2018)

Internet/IT

The cyberworld: its charms and challenges. (2000)
Increasing computerization would lead to the creation of a dehumanized society. (2006)
Cyberspace and Internet: Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run. (2016)
Social media is inherently a selfish medium. (2017)

International organisations/relations

Restructuring of UNO reflect present realities. (1996)
India’s role in promoting ASEAN cooperation. (2004)
Importance of Indo-US nuclear agreement. (2006)
Has the Non- Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world. (2017)
Terrorism and world peace. (2005)
Are we a ‘soft’ state? (2009)
Good fences make good neighbours. (2009)
In the Indian context, both human intelligence and technical intelligence are crucial in combating terrorism. (2011)

Miscellaneous

India’s contribution to world wisdom. (1998)
The pursuit of excellence. (2001)
Geography may remain the same; history need not. (2010)
Fifty Golds in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India? (2014)
Quick but steady wins the race. (2015)

When preparing for IAS Mains, aspirants must focus on UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practise as this will improve one’s speed, efficiency and writing skills. It will automatically help in essay writing as well.

Also, read:

Frequently Asked Questions on UPSC Essay Topics for UPSC Mains

Q 1. how can i write a good essay in upsc, q 2. does handwriting matter in upsc.

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UPSC Essay Topics From PYQs (2013-2022)

Check out our collection of Essay Topics taken straight from UPSC’s Previous Year Questions! Simple to understand and perfect for your preparation. We recommend aspirants study and analyze them thoroughly.

Table of Content

UPSC CSE – 2022 (Essay Paper)
UPSC CSE – 2021 ( Essay Paper )
UPSC CSE – 2020 ( Essay Paper )
UPSC CSE – 2019 ( Essay Paper )
UPSC CSE – 2018 ( Essay Paper )
UPSC CSE – 2017 ( Essay Paper )
UPSC CSE – 2016 ( Essay Paper )
UPSC CSE – 2015 ( Essay Paper )
UPSC CSE – 2014 ( Essay Paper )
UPSC CSE – 2013 ( Essay Paper )

Importance of Previous Year’s Question- PYQs in UPSC :

Previous year’s question papers are very important for UPSC exam preparation. They provide valuable insights into the exam pattern, the types of questions asked the difficulty level, and the topics that are frequently covered in the exam. By analyzing the further given UPSC Essay previous year’s question papers, aspirants can understand the nature and scope of the UPSC exam, identify the important topics, and prepare accordingly

UPSC’S Last 10 Years (2013-2022) Questions Compilation :

UPSC 10 years essay questions compilation

UPSC CSE – 2022 (Essay Paper PYQs)

Marking Scheme: Need to Choose One Essay from Each Section – 125 Marks Each- Total Time is 3 Hours

Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence
Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world
History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man
A ship in the harbor is safe, but that is not what a ship is for
The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining
You cannot step twice in the same river
A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities
Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right

UPSC CSE – 2021 (Essay Paper PYQs)

Marking Scheme: Chose One Essay from Each Section – 125 Marks – 3 Hours

The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced.
Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me.
The philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera.
The real is rational and the rational is real.
The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.
What is research, but a blind date with knowledge!
History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.
There are better practices to ‘best practices’.

UPSC CSE – 2020 (Essay Paper PYQs)

Life is a long journey between human being and being humane.
Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self.
Ships do not sink because of water around them, ships sink because of water that gets into them.
Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.
Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have.
There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless.
Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality.
Technology as the silent factor in international relations.

UPSC CSE – 2019 (Essay Paper PYQs)

Wisdom finds truth.
Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be
Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society
Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success
South Asian societies are woven not around the state but around their plural cultures and plural identities.
Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness.
Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy.
Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of a jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling.

UPSC CSE – 2018 (Essay Paper PYQs)

Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India.
A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge.
Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere
Management of Indian border disputes—a complex task
Customary morality cannot be a guide to modern life
‘The past’ is permanent dimension of human consciousness and values.
A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both
Reality does not conform to the idea, but confirms it.

UPSC CSE – 2017 (Essay Paper PYQs)

Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India.
Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India.
Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms.
Has the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world?
Joy is the simplest form of gratitude.
Fulfilment of ‘new woman’ in India is myth.
We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws.
‘Social media’ is inherently a selfish medium.

UPSC CSE – 2016 (Essay Paper PYQs)

If development is not engendered, it is endangered.
Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed.
Water disputes between States in federal India.
Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare.
Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality
Cyberspace and Internet: Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run.
Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms
Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality.

UPSC CSE – 2015 (Essay Paper PYQs)

Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole.
Quick but steady wins the race.
Character of an institution is reflected in its leader.
Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever devil.
Technology cannot replace manpower.
Crisis faced in India— moral or economic.
Dreams which should not let India sleep.
Can capitalism bring inclusive growth?

UPSC CSE – 2014 (Essay Paper PYQs)

With greater power comes greater responsibility.
Is the growing level of competition good for the youth?
Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress?
Words are sharper than the two-edged sword.
Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country?
Is sting operation an invasion on privacy?
Fifty Golds in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India?
Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India?

UPSC CSE – 2013 (Essay Paper PYQs)

Marking Scheme: Chose Only One Essay – 250 Marks – 3 Hours

Be the change you want to see in others — Gandhiji.
Is the Colonial mentality hindering India’s success?
GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the well-being of a country.
Science and Technology is the panacea for the growth and security of the nation

Studying the previous year’s question papers helps aspirants to get familiar with the types of questions asked in the exam and the expected answers. This, in turn, helps them to develop their time-management skills, improve their speed and accuracy, and enhance their overall performance in the exam.

Moreover, analysing the previous year’s question papers also helps aspirants to identify their weaknesses and strengths. They can evaluate their performance in each section and topic and work on improving their weaker areas. This can help them to focus on the important topics and boost their confidence for the exam.

In summary, previous year’s question papers are an essential tool for UPSC exam preparation, and aspirants should make it a priority to study and analyse them thoroughly.

All the best!!!!!!!!!!!!

For more details visit

Frequenly Asked Questions – FAQs

How can i write a good essay for upsc.

Some steps involved in best UPSC Essay writing are 1. Understand the topic 2. Plan and Organize your thoughts and ideas 3. Write a strong introduction 4. Write arguments and counterarguments 5. Use transitions 6. Strong conclusion.

Which types of Essays are asked in UPSC CSE?

Generally, Four types of essays that are asked in the UPSC CSE Examination are, 1. Narrative 2. Descriptive 3. Informative 4. Persuasive.

[Download pdf] UPSC IAS Mains 2022 – Essay Question Paper

UPSC IAS Mains 2022 Examinations have started with the essay paper. After the completion of the examination in the first session, UPSC IAS Mains 2022 Essay Question Paper is out. If you are preparing for the 2023 examination, you can go through the question paper and check the type of topics that are being asked.

Download pdf of UPSC IAS Mains 2022 – Essay Question Paper or View the Images of UPSC IAS Mains 2022 – Essay Question Paper below:

Forests are the best case studies of economic excellence
Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world
History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic men
A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what a ship is meant for
The time to repair the roof is when sun is shining
You cannot step twice in the same river
A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities
Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right

To access Previous Year Question Paper – Click Here

Previous Year UPSC Mains Papers

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UPSC Mains Essay Paper

The UPSC essay paper is one of the important papers of the civil services mains exam. Furthermore, the marks obtained in the UPSC essay paper 2022 will be counted for merit ranking. Thus, it is essential to give priority to essay papers in preparation.

In broader terms, candidates are required to write two essays, pick one IAS essay topics from each of sections A and B and write in about 1000-1200 words each. Moreover, each UPSC essay paper carries 125 marks, making a maximum of 250 marks.

Thus, the candidates should adhere to the best books, and strategies, and solve the previous year’s UPSC essay paper with answers to prepare well for this section.

In this article, we have shared complete details on the Essay 1 exam paper for the candidates aspiring for the upcoming UPSC IAS exam.

UPSC Essay Topics-Overview

As per the UPSC notification , the essay paper is one of the nine subjects in the IAS main exam. Thus, the candidates are required to write essays on multiple topics.
Hence, it is advised to stay updated with the subject of the essay to arrange their ideas in proper order and write concisely.
Moreover, credit is usually given for effective and exact expression. The maximum mark for essay questions UPSC is 250 and the exam duration is 3 hours.

UPSC Essay Previous Year Papers

Candidates should solve past UPSC essay paper with answers to strengthen their preparation. This will improve their writing skills and also help them to understand essay UPSC topics asked in the exam over years.

Hence, we have shared below the official UPSC essay previous paper PDF link for ease of the aspirants.

How to Prepare for UPSC Essay Topics in IAS 2023 Exam?

While preparing for the IAS mains exam, candidates devote their maximum time to studying general studies and optional subjects. However, they should give equal importance to the UPSC essay paper .

Let’s look at the best preparation tips to excel in the Essay 1 exam paper .

Inculcate the habit of reading newspaper editorials on a daily basis. It is also observed that many times essay questions are based on current affairs.
Next, jot down relevant quotes from the newspaper/books and use them when writing an essay.
Practice writing on the IAS essay topics related to health, women, education, science, internet, technology, etc to improve your vocabulary and overall writing skills.
Select the essay topic wisely. Candidates should go through all the topics carefully and pick the topic they are familiar with.
Candidates should also ensure that their essay includes an introduction, body, basic theme, and conclusion.
Lastly, ask for feedback on the essay from the mentors, seniors, or teachers. This will help them to discover their weak points and allow them to focus more on improving the same for better results.

Best Books for UPSC Essay Paper

Along with the best preparation strategy, candidates should pick the most reliable Books for UPSC and study material for the essay paper. Let’s look at the expert-recommended books for essay preparation shared below:

Check the latest CSAT books for UPSC.

Q1. How to write an essay for IAS exam?

Ans. Candidates must prepare an outline first before writing the essay. This will also help them to prepare an introduction/conclusion, ideas, quotes, etc that can be used to write a good essay for the IAS exam.

Q2. What comes in essay paper of UPSC?

Ans. The UPSC essay paper is one of the nine subjects in the IAS main exam. Moreover, candidates need to write two essays with a word limit of 1000–1200 for each paper. Each essay paper carries 125 marks, making a maximum of 250 marks.

Q3. Which type of essay comes in IAS exam?

Ans. There are four types of essays in the IAS mains exam including narrative essay, descriptive essay, informative essay, and persuasive essay.

Q4. Is handwriting important for IAS?

Ans. Candidates will not get extra marks for good handwriting in the essay paper because the quality of the answer matters. However, bad handwriting can definitely decrease the chances of scoring high marks on the paper.

Q5. How can I improve my UPSC essay?

Ans. To improve the UPSC essay preparation , one should keep their outline consistent, avoid using too many jargon/technical terms, and practice essay writing to strengthen the preparation.

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UPSC CSE Mains 2017 Essay Question Paper

Last updated on September 22, 2023 by ClearIAS Team

Table of Contents

Instructions: Write two essays, choosing one from each of the following Section A and B, in about 1000-1200 words. 2*125 = Total 250 Marks.

Section – A

Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India.
Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India.
Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms.
Has the Non- Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world?

Section – B

Joy is the simplest form of gratitude.
Fulfillment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth.
We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws.
Social media is inherently a selfish medium.

Post your analysis and feedback about the question paper in the comment section below. You may compare the essay questions asked in 2017 mains with those of questions of 2016 mains as well.

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Reader Interactions

October 28, 2017 at 4:53 pm

I Find Section A Tough,Still I Would Have Gone With Question No 3.and In Section B With Question No 1.

No More Stress Only Blessings For All. Keep Learning and Keep Growing…..!!!

November 15, 2017 at 3:47 am

Do your best & leave the rest! I also choose the same!

November 15, 2017 at 7:02 am

Wish You The Same.

God Bless You With Love and Peace……!!!

October 28, 2017 at 5:46 pm

Wau. ..I have found all the questions great!!not so hard as I thought 😐😐😐

October 29, 2017 at 1:01 am

Please tell me Gitaji, where you practiced essays writing from? And good luck for next upcoming paper.

July 14, 2019 at 2:37 pm

From where u do the practice of essays please tell me this is the 1st time for me i will give exam

October 28, 2017 at 11:00 pm

wow. so superb subject given in the essays in this paper.

October 29, 2017 at 6:11 pm

you are right , I wrote on number 1 in section 1 and 3 in section 2

October 29, 2017 at 6:42 pm

Alka section A essays are easy but how to deal with section B type essays

November 15, 2017 at 3:52 am

It’s not the context, it’s content! Don’t go for odds my friends, try to do evens also! ‘PUSH THE PACE’

Go with for/against both perspective in an essay! Write the bulletin! Explain the point! START WITH THE PROGRESSING HEIGHTS (BUILDING UR EMOTIONS) & END WITH A POSITIVE CONCLUSION..

Enough 2 score 70% in any essay!

November 15, 2017 at 8:26 am

I found sec B difficult..I would have gone for Ques 4 in sec A and ques 2 in sec B..

June 17, 2018 at 2:34 pm

Sir I am a student B. Com and I want ias please gave me information study materials

July 1, 2018 at 9:59 am

sir , i am b.com second year student and want to prepare for IAS .i don’t know where to start .please tell me

July 8, 2019 at 10:14 pm

Sir I am going to prepare for UPSC but still not sure that this is the only thing I want,as there is no other option left for me after graduation I have to prepare for it but people say do what your heart says,here I want to ask a question that is it really important to have a very clear aim before preparing for it, people like me who are unsure about their aim can’t prepare for UPSC????

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UPSC EPFO മുൻവർഷ ചോദ്യപേപ്പറുകൾ ഡൗൺലോഡ് PDF

UPSC EPFO മുൻവർഷ ചോദ്യപേപ്പറുകൾ: PDF ഫോർമാറ്റിൽ ലഭ്യമാണ്. ഇവ മോഡൽ ചോദ്യപേപ്പറുകളായി ഉപയോഗിക്കുകയും വരാനിരിക്കുന്ന UPSC EPFO പരീക്ഷയ്ക്ക് തയ്യാറെടുക്കുകയും ചെയ്യുക.

Table of Contents

UPSC EPFO മുൻവർഷ ചോദ്യപേപ്പറുകൾ

UPSC EPFO മുൻവർഷ ചോദ്യപേപ്പറുകൾ : യൂണിയൻ പബ്ലിക് സർവീസ് കമ്മീഷൻ അതിന്റെ ഔദ്യോഗിക വെബ്സൈറ്റായ @www.upsc.gov.in ൽ UPSC EPFO വിജ്ഞാപനം 2024 പുറത്തിറക്കി. നിങ്ങൾ UPSC EPFO പരീക്ഷക്ക് തയ്യാറെടുക്കുകയാണെങ്കിൽ, പരീക്ഷാ പാറ്റേണും സിലബസും മനസ്സിലാക്കുന്നതിനുള്ള അടിസ്ഥാനമായി മുൻവർഷത്തെ ചോദ്യപേപ്പർ പ്രവർത്തിക്കും. UPSC EPFO മുൻവർഷ ചോദ്യപേപ്പറുകൾ ഉപയോഗിച്ച് പരിശീലിക്കുകയും പരീക്ഷയ്ക്ക് തയ്യാറെടുക്കുകയും ചെയ്യാം. റിവിഷൻ ചെയ്യാൻ മാതൃക പേപ്പറുകളായി നിങ്ങൾക്ക് ഇവ ഉപയോഗിക്കാം. ഈ ലേഖനത്തിൽ UPSC EPFO PYQ ലഭിക്കും, കൂടാതെ നിങ്ങൾക്ക് ഇവ PDF രൂപത്തിൽ ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യാവുന്നതാണ്.

UPSC EPFO PYQ: അവലോകനം

ചുവടെ നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്ന പട്ടികയിൽ UPSC EPFO PYQ സംബന്ധമായ എല്ലാ പ്രധാനപ്പെട്ട വിവരങ്ങളും ലഭിക്കും.

UPSC EPFO മുൻവർഷ ചോദ്യപേപ്പർ ഡൗൺലോഡ്

ചുവടെ നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്ന ലിങ്ക് ഉപയോഗിച്ച് ഉദ്യോഗാർത്ഥികൾക്ക് UPSC EPFO മുൻവർഷ ചോദ്യപേപ്പറുകൾ PDF രൂപത്തിൽ ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യാവുന്നതാണ്.

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ചോദ്യപേപ്പർ PDF ഫോർമാറ്റിൽ ലഭ്യമാണോ?

അതെ, നിങ്ങൾക്ക് UPSC EPFO മുൻവർഷത്തെ പേപ്പറുകൾ PDF ഇവിടെ നിന്ന് ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യാം.

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UPSC EPFO മുൻവർഷ ചോദ്യപേപ്പറുകൾ ഡൗൺലോഡ് PDF_30.1

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UPSC Mains Essay Question Paper 2021 [Latest]
Essay PYQ 2021 to 2018(Previous Year Questions) UPSC Mains Civil
ESSAY QUESTION PAPER : UPSC Civil Services IAS Exam MAINS 2022
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ESSAY QUESTION PAPER : UPSC Civil Services IAS Exam MAINS 2021

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Essay Previous Year Papers
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[Download] UPSC Mains-2020 Essay Paper with last 28 YEARS ...
2020's Essay Paper in linear/sequential format. UPSC-CSM20-Essay: Section-A. UPSC-CSM20-Essay: Section-B. Topic wise Essays of last 28 years (1993-2020) 1 India: Democracy, administration, Society, culture. 1.1 India Since Independence. 1.2 Federalism, Decentralization. 1.3 Administration.
UPSC Essay Topic wise Question Papers of last 30 years (1993-2022)
In the UPSC mains examination, essay paper is worth 250 marks and three hours. Here is the topic wise questions from the earlier years for the benefit of civil service IAS IPS aspirants. 1 India: Democracy, administration, Society, culture. 1.1 India Since Independence. 1.2 Federalism, Decentralization.
UPSC Previous Year Question Paper
UPSC previous year question papers offer a window into the variety of question types that the Commission employs. UPSC Questions are designed to test candidates' analytical, problem-solving, and decision-making abilities. These may include multiple-choice questions, essay-type questions, and those requiring subjective responses.
Previous Year Question Papers
Previous Year Question Papers. Search Exam Name . Apply. Year: 2024. CISF AC(EXE) LDCE-2024; General Ability and Intelligence and Professional Skill; Essay, Precis Writing and Comprehension; Combined Geo-Scientist (Preliminary) Examination, 2024; Paper - II Chemistry; Paper - II Geology - Hydrology;
ESSAY QUESTION PAPER : UPSC Civil Services IAS Exam MAINS 2021
ESSAY QUESTION PAPER - UPSC Civil Services IAS Mains - 2021 Section A 1. The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. 2. Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me. 3. Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera. 4. … Continue reading "ESSAY QUESTION PAPER : UPSC Civil Services IAS Exam MAINS ...
UPSC Essay 2023 Question Paper, Get Yearwise Essay Papers
UPSC Mains has an individual Paper of Essay, in which candidates will have to write an Essay Paper which will be a subjective type. The marks of this paper will be taken into account for merit. The total marks awarded to this paper are 250 and the Time allotted is 3 Hours. The paper must be written in the language selected by the candidates ...
UPSC Mains 2021 Essay Question Paper
The UPSC Mains 2021 was conducted on 7th, 8th, 9th, 15th and 16th January 2022. The Essay paper has been conducted on 7th January 2022 in the forenoon session (9 AM to 12 PM). The Mains (Written) Examination consists of nine papers in total. The first stage, that is, Prelims, was conducted on October 10, 2021. To download all question papers of ...
Essay Paper UPSC 2022 (Mains): Question Paper and Analysis
Please find the questions in the Essay Paper of the UPSC 2022 Civil Services Mains Examination (written). UPSC conducted the Essay Paper, as part of the Civil Services Main Exam 2022 on 16-09-2022. The question paper was not as shocking as last year. There were 8 Essay topics, out of which candidates were asked to write on two topics in 3 hours.
Essay Paper UPSC 2021 (Mains): Question Paper and Analysis
UPSC conducted the Essay Paper, as part of the Civil Services Main Exam 2021 on 07-01-2022. There were 8 Essay topics, out of which candidates were asked to write on two topics in 3 hours. Candidates were supposed to answer about 1000 words for each essay (about 10-12 pages).
Essay (UPSC Mains)
2021. Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me. Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera. The real is rational and the rational is real. Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world. History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.
UPSC Essay
Hence, we have compiled below the official UPSC essay previous paper PDF link for 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018 for the reference of the candidates. Year: IAS Essay Topics: 2022: ... Integration of PYQ within the booklet Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध .
UPSC Mains 2018
ClearIAS Study Materials for UPSC Mains (Extra-Topics) World History - GS paper 1. Indian Society - GS paper 1. Foreign Relations - GS paper 2. International Affairs - GS paper 2. Internal Security - GS paper 3. Disaster Management - GS paper 3. Ethics - GS paper 4.
UPSC Previous Years Question Paper PDF with Answers
Download UPSC Previous Year Question Paper PDF. The UPSC Previous Year Question Papers provide valuable insights about the types of questions that can be asked in the upcoming UPSC Exam 2024. UPSC PYQ will help aspirants in understanding the exam's requirements and familiarize themselves with the exam pattern.
UPSC Mains Essay Previous Year Questions Compilations PDF [2013-19]
Categories Previous Question Papers Tags pdf, Previous Papers, Previous Question Papers, UPSC Mains Previous Papers UPSC Released 2019 Final Marks, Check Your Marks Now UPSC Mains History Previous Year Questions Compilations PDF [2013-19]
Essay UPSC Topic wise Previous Year Questions (1993-2023)
The importance of practicing Essay Papers from previous year questions (PYQ) topic-wise, with the aim of achieving high marks for a better rank in the UPSC Civil Services Examination, cannot be overstated. The Essay Paper in UPSC CSE Mains carries a weightage of 250 marks. Therefore, the percentage of total marks covered by the Essay Paper is ...
UPSC Previous Year Question Papers: Prelims And Mains Paper PDF
UPSC Mains GS Paper 4 Model Answers. UPSC Essay Paper Analysis 2023. UPSC Mains GS Paper 1 Analysis 2023. UPSC Mains GS Paper 2 Analysis 2023. UPSC Mains GS Paper 3 Analysis 2023. UPSC Mains GS Paper 4 Analysis 2023. UPSC Hindi Compulsory Paper 2023. UPSC English Compulsory Paper 2023. For Year-Wise Questions Paper PDF Download scroll below.
Essay Paper UPSC 2023 (Mains) Question Paper and Analysis
Essay Question Paper: UPSC Civil Services Main Exam (Written) 2023. The question paper of the UPSC CSE mains essay paper is provided here. Write two essays, choosing one topic from each of the following Sections A and B, in about 1000-1200 words each: Section A. 1: Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team.
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Last 25 Years Topic-wise Essay Questions From UPSC Mains (1994 - 2018) Paper I of the UPSC Civil Services mains exam is the Essay. Here, prelims-qualified IAS aspirants have to write two essays out of a few given topics. The paper is for a total of 250 marks and its marks are taken into consideration for the Final Merit List.
UPSC Essay Topics From PYQs (2013-2022)
Generally, Four types of essays that are asked in the UPSC CSE Examination are, 1. Narrative 2. Descriptive 3. Informative 4. Persuasive. UPSC CSE Essay Topics based on the compilation of the last ten years PYQs (2013-2022), We recommend aspirants study and analyze them.
[Download pdf] UPSC IAS Mains 2022
After the completion of the examination in the first session, UPSC IAS Mains 2022 Essay Question Paper is out. If you are preparing for the 2023 examination, you can go through the question paper and check the type of topics that are being asked. Download pdf of UPSC IAS Mains 2022 - Essay Question Paper or View the Images of UPSC IAS Mains ...
UPSC Mains Essay Paper
The UPSC essay paper is one of the important papers of the civil services mains exam. Furthermore, the marks obtained in the UPSC essay paper 2022 will be counted for merit ranking. Thus, it is essential to give priority to essay papers in preparation. In broader terms, candidates are required to write two essays, pick one IAS essay topics from each of sections A and B and write in about 1000 ...
UPSC CSE Mains 2017 Essay Question Paper
UPSC CSE Mains 2017 Essay Question Paper. Instructions: Write two essays, choosing one from each of the following Section A and B, in about 1000-1200 words. 2*125 = Total 250 Marks. Section - A. Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India.
Upsc Epfo മുൻവർഷ ചോദ്യപേപ്പറുകൾ ഡൗൺലോഡ് Pdf
UPSC EPFO PYQ: Organization: Union Public Service Commission: Category: Previous Year Papers: Exam Level: National: Name of the Post: Enforcement Officer/ Accounts Officer, Assistant Provident Fund Commissioner: UPSC EPFO Recruitment Online Application Starts: 07th March 2024: UPSC EPFO Recruitment Last Date to Apply: 27th March 2024 (06:00 PM ...

UPSC Essay Topic wise Question Papers of last 31 years (1993-2023) for Civil Services IAS/IPS Exam Free Download

1.1 India Since Independence

2 Economy, Development

3 Education

4 Quote based, Philosophy, Ethics

5 Women empowerment

6 International issues, Internal Security, History

7 Science-Technology

Section-A (write any one)

Section-B (write any one)

UPSC Previous Year Question Paper - Prelims and Mains Question Papers PDF

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UPSC Mains Essay Previous Year Questions Compilations PDF [2013-19]

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Essay UPSC Topic wise Previous Year Questions (1993-2023)

1.1 India Since Independence

1.2Federalism, Decentralization

1.3 Administration

1.4 Judiciary

1.5 Poverty, Social Justice

1.6 Indian Society, Culture and Values

1.7 Media, TV & Cinema

2.1 Growth vs Development

2.2 Environment vs Development

2.4 Sectors of Economy

3.1 Values in Education

3.2 Scheme implementation

3.3 Higher education

4.1 Character, Honesty, Ethics

4.2 Knowledge

4.3 Compassion

4.4 Truth and reality

4.5 Youth, Discipline

4.6 Towards excellence

5.1 National Politics

5.2 World / Quote type

5.3 Empowerment overall

5.4 Compared to men

6.1 Globalization

6.2 International Org./ Bilateral

6.3 Security

7.1 Science and Religion

7.2 Science and Education

7.3 Computer and internet

7.4 Sci-Tech: others

Last 25 Years Topic-wise Essay Questions From UPSC Mains (1994 - 2018)

UPSC Essay Topics

Democracy/India since independence

Economic growth and development

Federalism, Decentralisation

Indian Culture & Society

Social justice/Poverty

Media & Society

Environment/Urbanisation

Economic sectors/MNCs

Quotes-based/Philosophy

Globalisation

Science & Tech

Internet/IT

International organisations/relations

Miscellaneous

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